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Chang C, Chen YL, Wang YW, Chen HW, Hsu CW, Lin KC, Ou YC, Liu T, Chen WL, Chu CA, Ho CL, Lee CT, Chow NH. Aberrant trophoblastic differentiation in human cancer: An emerging novel therapeutic target (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 51:43. [PMID: 38240107 PMCID: PMC10823338 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Various types of human cancer may develop aberrant trophoblastic differentiation, including histological changes and altered expression of β‑human chorionic gonadotropin (β‑hCG). Aberrant trophoblastic differentiation in epithelial cancer is usually associated with poor differentiation, tumor metastasis, unfavorable prognosis and treatment resistance. Since β‑hCG‑targeting vaccines have failed in an early phase II trial, it is crucial to obtain a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of trophoblastic differentiation in human cancer. The present review summarizes the clinical and translational research on this topic with the aim of accelerating the development of an effective targeted therapy. Ectopic expression of β‑hCG promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, vasculogenesis and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro, and enhances metastatic and tumorigenic capabilities in vivo. Signaling cascades modulated by β‑hCG include the TGF‑β receptor pathway, EMT‑related pathways, the c‑MET receptor tyrosine kinase and mitogen‑activated protein kinase/ERK pathways, and the SMAD2/4 pathway. Taken together, these findings indicated that TGF‑β receptors, c‑MET and ERK1/2 are potential therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, further investigation on the molecular basis of aberrant trophoblastic differentiation is mandatory to improve the design of precision therapy for this aggressive type of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Medicine Core Laboratory, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Wen Wang
- Department of Dental Technology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Che-Wei Hsu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Che Lin
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yin-Chien Ou
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsunglin Liu
- The Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Bioinformatics Core Laboratory, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wan-Li Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-An Chu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Liang Ho
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Medicine Core Laboratory, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Ta Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Nan-Haw Chow
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Medicine Core Laboratory, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan, R.O.C
- The Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Nguyen QM, Dupré PF, Berchel M, Ghanem R, Jaffrès PA, d'Arbonneau F, Montier T. BSV163/DOPE-mediated TRAIL gene transfection acts synergistically with chemotherapy against cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14357. [PMID: 37731182 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the seventh most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Most patients experience recurrence and succumb eventually to resistant disease, underscoring the need for an alternative treatment option. In the presented manuscript, we investigated the effect of the TRAIL-gene, transfected by an innovative bioinspired lipid vector BSV163/DOPE in the presence or absence of cisplatin, to fight against sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer. We showed that BSV163/DOPE can transfect ovarian cancer cell lines (Caov3, OVCAR3, and our new cisplatin-resistant, CR-Caov3) safely and efficiently. In addition, TRAIL-gene transfection in association with cisplatin inhibited cellular growth more efficiently (nearly 50% in Caov3 cells after the combined treatment, and 15% or 25% by each treatment alone, respectively) owing to an increase in apoptosis rate, caspases activity and TRAIL's death receptors expression. Most importantly, such synergistic effect was also observed in CR-Caov3 cells demonstrated by an apoptosis rate of 35% following the combined treatment in comparison with 17% after TRAIL-gene transfection or 6% after cisplatin exposition. These results suggest this combination may have potential application for sensitive as well as refractory ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Manh Nguyen
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, GTCA Team, "Gene Transfer and Combined therapeutic Approaches", Brest, France
| | - Pierre-François Dupré
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, GTCA Team, "Gene Transfer and Combined therapeutic Approaches", Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Service de Chirurgie Gynécologique, Brest, France
| | | | - Rosy Ghanem
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, GTCA Team, "Gene Transfer and Combined therapeutic Approaches", Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Brest, France
| | | | - Frédérique d'Arbonneau
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, GTCA Team, "Gene Transfer and Combined therapeutic Approaches", Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Service d'Odontologie, UFR d'Odontologie de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, GTCA Team, "Gene Transfer and Combined therapeutic Approaches", Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Brest, France
- CHU de Brest, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares "Maladies Neuromusculaires", Brest, France
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Deng H, Chen G, Zhang J. β-Elemene regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and inhibits invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022:jcim-2022-0295. [PMID: 36480470 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2022-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the inhibitory effect of β-elemene on invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells and its possible mechanism. METHODS Human colon cancer HCT116 cells were treated with different concentrations of β-elemene. The proliferation inhibition rate of the cells was detected by MTT assay, cell migration rate was detected by scratched assay, and cell invasion rate was evaluated by Transwell cell invasion assay. The expressions of Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin were detected by Western blotting. The mRNA expressions of Vimentin, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the expressions of migration rate, invasion rate, scratch healing rate, N-cadherin, and Vimentin protein of HCT116 cells were decreased after β-elemene treatment, while the expression of E-cadherin protein was increased, and the inhibition rate of cell proliferation was increased (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS β-Elemene may inhibit cell proliferation and invasion and metastasis by inhibiting EMT signaling pathway in human colon cancer cell line HCT116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Deng
- Department of Proctology, Second Hospital Affiliated Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Graduate Department, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Chinese Medicine Teaching and Research Section, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Wang X, Wang S, Yao S, Shi W, Ma K. The clinical characteristics and treatment of ovarian malignant mesoderm mixed tumor: a systematic review. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:104. [PMID: 36114551 PMCID: PMC9482291 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01037-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian malignant mesoderm mixed tumor (OMMMT) is a rare clinical entity. To provide reference for the treatment and prognosis of OMMMT, we analyzed the clinical features, pathology and molecular biology characteristic of published cases. Methods The English and Chinese reported cases of OMMMT were selected from PubMed, Clinical Trials.gov and CNKI database from 2000 to December 15th, 2021 following the PRISMA guidelines. Results A total of 63 literatures including 199 OMMMT cases were included. The average age of patients at diagnosis was 56.46 years, the highest incidence age was 60-65 years, and 82% of them were menopausal women. Most patients were diagnosed in FIGO III stage (59.64%). The most common symptom of OMMMT was abdominal pain (60.5%). 61.6% of patients were accompanied by ascites, while ascites was not associated with metastatic tumor and local recurrence. The CA125 of 88.68% patients increased. The most common reported carcinomatous component and sarcomatous component were serous adenocarcinoma (44.96%) and chondrosarcoma (24.81%), respectively. Initial treatment included surgery (94.97%) and taxanes-based (55.10%) or platinum-based (85.71%) chemotherapy regimens. The median survival time of patients was 20 months. Heterologous sarcoma component did not shorten life expectancy. The optimal ovarian tumor cell debulking surgery (OOTCDS), radiotherapy and chemotherapy could significantly prolong the median survival time of patients. Furthermore, platinum drugs could significantly prolong the survival time after comparing various chemotherapy schemes. Besides, the combination of platinum and taxanes was therapeutically superior to the combination of platinum and biological alkylating agents. Conclusion The OOTCDS and platinum-based chemotherapy regimen can improve the prognosis of OMMMT. Targeted therapy might become a new research direction in the future. Since the elderly patients are the majority, the toxicity of new drugs on the elderly patients is more noteworthy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-022-01037-6.
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Sjöblom A, Carpén T, Stenman UH, Jouhi L, Haglund C, Syrjänen S, Mattila P, Mäkitie A, Hagström J. The Role of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Beta (hCGβ) in HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122830. [PMID: 35740496 PMCID: PMC9221036 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was carried out to observe the upregulation of the free β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGβ) and its prognostic significance in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Materials and methods: A total of 90 patients with OPSCC treated with curative intent at the Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland, during 2012−2016 were included. Serum samples were collected prospectively, and their hCGβ concentrations (S-hCGβ) were determined by an immunofluorometric assay. The expression of hCGβ in tumor tissues was defined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HPV determination was performed by combining p16-INK4 IHC and HPV DNA PCR genotyping. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were used as survival endpoints. Results: S-hCGβ positivity correlated with poor OS in the whole patient cohort (p < 0.001) and in patients with HPV-negative OPSCC (p < 0.001). A significant correlation was seen between S-hCGβ and poor DSS in the whole cohort (p < 0.001) and in patients with HPV-negative OPSCC (p = 0.007). In a multivariable analysis, S-hCGβ was associated with poor DSS. Of the clinical characteristics, higher cancer stage and grade were associated with S-hCGβ positivity. No statistically significant correlation with tissue positivity of hCGβ was seen in these analyses. Conclusion: S-hCGβ may be a potential independent factor indicating poor prognosis, notably in HPV-negative OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Sjöblom
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 21, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Carpén
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 21, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, FI-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulf-Håkan Stenman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri Jouhi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, FI-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Mattila
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, FI-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, FI-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jaana Hagström
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 21, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland
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Uesato Y, Kawamata F, Ishino S, Ono S, Tamashiro K, Koyama H, Takatsuki M. Human chorionic gonadotropin-β promotes pancreatic cancer progression via the epithelial mesenchymal transition signaling pathway. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:1384-1394. [PMID: 35837184 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human chorionic gonadotropin free beta-subunit (hCGβ) is ectopically produced in various epithelial cancers and is associated with poor prognoses. However, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the biological role of hCGβ in pancreatic cancer progression. Methods Tissue specimens of 30 patients with pancreatic cancer were examined immunohistochemically to investigate the relationship between hCGβ expression and clinicopathological features. We also evaluated the molecular effects of hCGβ-downregulated pancreatic cell lines. Results Total of 21 cases were positive for immunostaining, and 17 of 25 metastatic lymph nodes were positive. hCGβ expression levels were correlated with pancreatic cancer T and N factors. hCGβ expression was significantly associated with poor overall and recurrence-free survival (P<0.001). In a multivariate analysis, hCGβ expression was independently associated with overall survival (HR 14.0; 95% CI: 1.5-130; P=0.019). The proliferative, invasive, and migratory abilities of hCGβ-downregulated cell lines were reduced compared with the control cell lines. Moreover, downregulation of hCGβ reduced vimentin, slug, and α-smooth muscle actin expression and increased E-cadherin expression. Conclusions hCGβ expression is related to cancer progression and poor prognoses via epithelial mesenchymal transition. hCGβ is a potential prognostic marker and molecular target in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Uesato
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Futoshi Kawamata
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ishino
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ono
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Koyama
- Department of Pathology, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Takatsuki
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Early-stage multi-cancer detection using an extracellular vesicle protein-based blood test. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:29. [PMID: 35603292 PMCID: PMC9053211 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Detecting cancer at early stages significantly increases patient survival rates. Because lethal solid tumors often produce few symptoms before progressing to advanced, metastatic disease, diagnosis frequently occurs when surgical resection is no longer curative. One promising approach to detect early-stage, curable cancers uses biomarkers present in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs). To explore the feasibility of this approach, we developed an EV-based blood biomarker classifier from EV protein profiles to detect stages I and II pancreatic, ovarian, and bladder cancer. Methods Utilizing an alternating current electrokinetics (ACE) platform to purify EVs from plasma, we use multi-marker EV-protein measurements to develop a machine learning algorithm that can discriminate cancer cases from controls. The ACE isolation method requires small sample volumes, and the streamlined process permits integration into high-throughput workflows. Results In this case-control pilot study, comparison of 139 pathologically confirmed stage I and II cancer cases representing pancreatic, ovarian, or bladder patients against 184 control subjects yields an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92 to 0.97), with sensitivity of 71.2% (95% CI: 63.2 to 78.1) at 99.5% (97.0 to 99.9) specificity. Sensitivity is similar at both early stages [stage I: 70.5% (60.2 to 79.0) and stage II: 72.5% (59.1 to 82.9)]. Detection of stage I cancer reaches 95.5% in pancreatic, 74.4% in ovarian (73.1% in Stage IA) and 43.8% in bladder cancer. Conclusions This work demonstrates that an EV-based, multi-cancer test has potential clinical value for early cancer detection and warrants future expanded studies involving prospective cohorts with multi-year follow-up. Finding cancer early can make treatment easier and improve odds of survival. However, many tumors go unnoticed until they have grown large enough to cause symptoms. While scans can detect tumors earlier, routine full-body imaging is impractical for population screening. New cancer detection methods being explored are based on observations that tumors release tiny particles called extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the bloodstream, containing proteins from the tumor. Here, we used a method to purify EVs from patients’ blood followed by a method to detect tumor proteins in the EVs. Our method quickly and accurately detected early-stage pancreatic, ovarian, or bladder cancer. With further testing, this method may provide a useful screening tool for clinicians to detect cancers at an earlier stage. Hinestrosa et al. describe the early-stage detection of cancer using biomarkers present in circulating extracellular vesicles purified via an alternating current electrokinetics platform. They show, in a case-control study, that 95.7% of pancreatic, 75.0% of ovarian and 43.8% of bladder stage I and II cancers can be detected.
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Zhong Y, Chen X, Huang Y, Jiang Y, Chen T, Nie X, Cheng W. Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma with elevated β-human chorionic gonadotropin: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28144. [PMID: 34941061 PMCID: PMC8702252 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the syncytiotrophoblasts of the placenta. However, hCG (particularly β-hCG) is also expressed in many normal nontrophoblastic tissues. Here, we report the case of a 50-year-old woman diagnosed with ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma with elevated β-hCG, which was insensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs and had a poor prognosis. PATIENT CONCERNS A 50-year-old woman with abdominal distention was admitted to our hospital. Pelvic computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were highly suggestive of multiple metastases of ovarian cancer. Surprisingly, an elevation in β-hCG levels was also measured. DIAGNOSIS AND INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent laparoscopic examination and was diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. After 2 prior chemotherapies with paclitaxel and carboplatin, the patient underwent cytoreductive surgery and continued receiving chemotherapy. However, recurrent lesions were observed during the period of chemotherapy, and the level of β-hCG increased. Alternative chemotherapy with liposomal doxorubicin was administered, but it also had a poor therapeutic effect. OUTCOMES The progression was rapid with a continuous increase in β-hCG levels, and the patient died 9 months after surgery. LESSONS Gynecologists should be aware of women with ovarian carcinoma with an elevated β-hCG level, which suggests a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Women Health, Zhangqiu Women and Children Health Hospital, Zhangqiu District, Ji’nan, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianglin Nie
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhuang J, Huang Y, Zheng W, Yang S, Zhu G, Wang J, Lin X, Ye J. TMEM100 expression suppresses metastasis and enhances sensitivity to chemotherapy in gastric cancer. Biol Chem 2021; 401:285-296. [PMID: 31188741 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The gene encoding transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) was first discovered to be transcribed by the murine genome. It has been recently proven that TMEM100 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). This study investigates the impact of TMEM100 expression on gastric cancer (GC). TMEM100 expression was remarkably downregulated in GC samples compared to the surrounding non-malignant tissues (p < 0.01). Excessive TMEM100 expression prohibited the migration and invasion of GC cells without influencing their growth. However, TMEM100 knockdown restored their migration and invasion potential. Additionally, TMEM100 expression restored the sensitivity of GC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs such as 5-fluouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin. In terms of TMEM100 modulation, it was revealed that BMP9 rather than BMP10, is the upstream modulator of TM3M100. HIF1α downregulation modulated the impact of TMEM100 on cell migration, chemotherapy sensitivity and invasion in GC cells. Eventually, the in vivo examination of TMEM100 activity revealed that its upregulation prohibits the pulmonary metastasis of GC cells and increases the sensitivity of xenograft tumors to 5-FU treatment. In conclusion, TMEM100 serves as a tumor suppressor in GC and could be used as a promising target for the treatment of GC and as a predictor of GC clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Zhuang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Yongjian Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Shugang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Guangwei Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Jinzhou Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohan Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Jianxin Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2 Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350004, Fujian, China
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Michalczyk K, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. Approaches to the Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Cancer in Pregnancy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2329-2339. [PMID: 33732025 PMCID: PMC7959196 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s290592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers diagnosed in pregnancy. Its management is often very problematic due to the proximity of the adnexa to the developing fetus and chemotherapy-related toxicity risk. Tumor markers and imagining studies play important roles in diagnosis, help differentiate benign masses from malignancy and allow to plan the treatment. Due to the physiological changes that occur in pregnancy, levels of tumor markers can be altered and reduce their diagnostic value. We review current recommendations for the management and treatment of ovarian cancer in pregnant patients considering gestational age at diagnosis, tumor histology, stage of the disease, risk of obstetrical complications, and patient’s preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Michalczyk
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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11
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Querat B. Unconventional Actions of Glycoprotein Hormone Subunits: A Comprehensive Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:731966. [PMID: 34671318 PMCID: PMC8522476 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.731966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein hormones (GPH) are heterodimers composed of a common α subunit and a specific β subunit. They act by activating specific leucine-rich repeat G protein-coupled receptors. However, individual subunits have been shown to elicit responses in cells devoid of the receptor for the dimeric hormones. The α subunit is involved in prolactin production from different tissues. The human chorionic gonadotropin β subunit (βhCG) plays determinant roles in placentation and in cancer development and metastasis. A truncated form of the thyrotropin (TSH) β subunit is also reported to have biological effects. The GPH α- and β subunits are derived from precursor genes (gpa and gpb, respectively), which are expressed in most invertebrate species and are still represented in vertebrates as GPH subunit paralogs (gpa2 and gpb5, respectively). No specific receptor has been found for the vertebrate GPA2 and GPB5 even if their heterodimeric form is able to activate the TSH receptor in mammals. Interestingly, GPA and GPB are phylogenetically and structurally related to cysteine-knot growth factors (CKGF) and particularly to a group of antagonists that act independently on any receptor. This review article summarizes the observed actions of individual GPH subunits and presents the current hypotheses of how these actions might be induced. New approaches are also proposed in light of the evolutionary relatedness with antagonists of the CKGF family of proteins.
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12
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Yu C, Niu X, Du Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Xu L, Iwakura Y, Ma X, Li Y, Yao Z, Deng W. IL-17A promotes fatty acid uptake through the IL-17A/IL-17RA/p-STAT3/FABP4 axis to fuel ovarian cancer growth in an adipocyte-rich microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 69:115-126. [PMID: 31802182 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines are crucial mediators of cancer development, representing potential targets for cancer therapy. The molecular mechanism of a vital pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-17A, in cancer progression and its potential use in therapy through influencing fatty acid (FA) metabolism, especially FA uptake of cancer cells, remains unknown. In the present study, we used IL-17A and ovarian cancer (OvCa), a representative of both obesity-related and inflammation-related cancers, to explore the interactions among IL-17A, cancer cells and adipocytes (which can provide FAs). We found that in the presence of palmitic acid (PA), IL-17A could directly increase the cellular uptake of PA, leading to the proliferation of OvCa cells via the IL-17A/IL-17RA/p-STAT3/FABP4 axis rather than via CD36. Moreover, in vivo experiments using an orthotopic implantation model in IL-17A-deficient mice demonstrated that endogenous IL-17A could fuel OvCa growth and metastasis with increased expression of FABP4 and p-STAT3. Furthermore, analysis of clinical specimens supported the above findings. Our data not only provide useful insights into the clinical intervention of the growth and metastasis of the tumors (such as OvCa) that are prone to growth and metastasis in an adipocyte-rich microenvironment (ARM) but also provides new insights into the roles of IL-17A in tumor progression and immunomodulatory therapy of OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiulong Niu
- Department of Prevention and Therapy of Skin Disease in the Security Environment, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yongrui Du
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Office of the Hospital Ethics Committee, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Xiaoxia Ma
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Weimin Deng
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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13
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Śliwa A, Kubiczak M, Szczerba A, Walkowiak G, Nowak-Markwitz E, Burczyńska B, Butler S, Iles R, Białas P, Jankowska A. Regulation of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit expression in ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:746. [PMID: 31362717 PMCID: PMC6664497 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Expression of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit by cancers is extensively documented, yet regulation of the multiple genes that can code for this protein is poorly understood. The aim of the study was to examine the mechanisms regulating CGB gene expression in ovarian cancer. METHODS Expression of CGB genes and SP1, SP3, TFAP2A transcription factor genes was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The methylation status of CGB genes promoter regions was examined by methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS mRNA arising from multiple CGB genes was detected in both ovarian control and malignant tissues. However, expression of CGB3-9 genes was shown to be significantly higher in malignant than healthy ovarian tissues. CGB1 and CGB2 transcripts were shown to be present in 20% of ovarian cancers, but were not detected in any of the control samples. Malignant tissues were characterized by DNA demethylation of CGB promoter regions. In ovarian cancer CGB expression positively correlated with TFAP2A transcripts level and expression of TFAP2A transcription factor was significantly higher in cancer than in control tissues. In contrast SP3 expression level was significantly lower in ovarian tumours than in control ovarian tissue. CONCLUSIONS In ovarian cancers increased expression of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit is associated with demethylation of CGB promoter regions. CGB3-9 expression level strongly correlates with expression of the TFAP2A transcription factor. Presence of mRNA arising from CGB1 and CGB2 genes appears to be a unique feature of a subset of ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Śliwa
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Marta Kubiczak
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Szczerba
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Walkowiak
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowak-Markwitz
- Gynaecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-101, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Burczyńska
- Centre for Investigative and Diagnostic Oncology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Stephen Butler
- MAP Diagnostics Ltd, The iLAB, Stannard Way, Bedford, Bedfordshire, MK44 3RZ, UK
| | - Ray Iles
- MAP Diagnostics Ltd, The iLAB, Stannard Way, Bedford, Bedfordshire, MK44 3RZ, UK.,College of Health, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Piotr Białas
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jankowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
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Gao H, Li X, Zhan G, Zhu Y, Yu J, Wang J, Li L, Wu W, Liu N, Guo X. Long noncoding RNA MAGI1-IT1 promoted invasion and metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer via the miR-200a/ZEB axis. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1393-1406. [PMID: 31122127 PMCID: PMC6592227 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1618121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and its vulnerability to metastasis contributes to the poor outcomes of EOC patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were verified to play a pivotal role in EOC metastasis. However, the potential role of lncRNA membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 1 (MAGI1) intronic transcript (MAGI1-IT1) in EOC is largely unknown. In this study, the function and mechanisms of MAGI1-IT1 in EOC metastasis were explored profoundly. First, MAGI1-IT1 expression was found to be significantly decreased in overexpressing miR-200a EOC cells. Second, MAGI1-IT1 expression was remarkably increased in metastatic EOC tissues, and high MAGI1-IT1 was dramatically associated with EOC FIGO III-IV stage; in addition, MAGI1-IT1 might be related to EOC dissemination via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Next, a series of gain- and loss-of-function assays verified that, although MAGI1-IT1 has no significant role in EOC proliferation and subcutaneous xenograft growth, the upregulation of MAGI1-IT1 can remarkably facilitate EOC EMT phenotype, cells migration and invasion ability and intraperitoneal metastasis in nude mice, while downregulation of MAGI1-IT1 led to the opposite effect in vitro. Moreover, MAGI1-IT1 was validated to promote EOC metastasis through upregulation of ZEB1 and ZEB2 by competitively binding miR-200a, and the restrictive effects of MAGI1-IT1 depletion on EOC metastasis could be reversed by inhibition of miR-200a and upregulation of ZEB1 and ZEB2. Collectively, these results suggest that MAGI1-IT1 may work as a ceRNA in promoting EOC metastasis through miR-200a and ZEB1/2 and may be a potential therapeutic target for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gao
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Guangxi Zhan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong Zhu
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Central Theater of the Chinese PLA , Wuhan , China
| | - Jing Yu
- c Department of Pathology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jiapo Wang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Li Li
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Weimin Wu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Na Liu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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15
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Guo X, Wu W, Gao H, Li X, He Q, Zhu Y, Liu N. PMS2 germline mutation c.943C>T (p.Arg315*)-induced Lynch syndrome-associated ovarian cancer. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e721. [PMID: 31056861 PMCID: PMC6565568 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition condition caused by germline heterozygous mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. However, as one of the MMR genes, PMS2 mutation‐induced LS‐associated ovarian cancer (LSAOC) has rarely been reported. Methods Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) or Sanger sequencing was used to detect the genetic status of one family including four generations with 16 members. Then, quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR), western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and Swiss‐Model software were used to identify the function of the PMS2 mutation. Results Five individuals [I‐1, II‐1, II‐2, II‐4, and III‐2 (proband)] suffered from LS‐associated cancers, for example, colon cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer, with the age of onset ranging from 39 to 70 years old. A PMS2 germline heterozygous mutation (c.943C>T) was confirmed in three members [II‐9, III‐2, and IV‐1] by gene sequencing. In addition, this PMS2 mutation was verified by qPCR, western blotting, and IHC, and a dramatic change with partial loss of the C‐terminal domain in an α‐helix might be exhibited. Conclusion Carrying PMS2 germline mutations (c.943C>T) confers an extremely high susceptibility of suffering from LS‐associated cancers. Thus, close clinical monitoring and prophylactic surgery is highly recommended to help reduce the morbidity and mortality of LS‐associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qizhi He
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Wu W, Gao H, Li X, Zhu Y, Peng S, Yu J, Zhan G, Wang J, Liu N, Guo X. LncRNA TPT1-AS1 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer by inducing TPT1 expression. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1587-1598. [PMID: 30941821 PMCID: PMC6500995 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing numbers of studies have confirmed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) play a critical role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression. However, the potential function of the lncRNA tumor protein translationally controlled 1 (TPT1) antisense RNA 1 (TPT1-AS1) in EOC is unclear. In this study, we aimed to uncover the biological roles and regulatory mechanisms of TPT1-AS1 in EOC progression and metastasis. First, TPT1-AS1 expression was significantly higher in EOC metastatic tissue and cell lines than in their respective control counterparts. In addition, ectopic TPT1-AS1 expression was strongly associated with unfavorable EOC clinicopathological features, including FIGO stage, tumor size and tumor differentiation. TPT1-AS1 overexpression remarkably induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and significantly attenuated cell adhesion ability in vitro and facilitated nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft growth and intraperitoneal metastasis in vivo, while the downregulation of TPT1-AS1 expression produced the opposite effect in vitro. Mechanistically, TPT1-AS1 was proven to be primarily distributed in EOC cell nuclei and positively modulated TPT1 promoter activity and transcription. Moreover, the oncogenic effects of TPT1-AS1 could be reversed by TPT1 depletion, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway downstream of TPT1 was also altered. These results suggested that TPT1-AS1 induced EOC tumor growth and metastasis through TPT1 and downstream PI3K/AKT signaling and that TPT1-AS1 may be a promising therapeutic target for EOC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/pathology
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1
- Up-Regulation
- RNA, Antisense
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated HospitalShihezi University School of MedicineXinjiangChina
| | - Shumin Peng
- Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqingChina
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of PathologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Guangxi Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jiapo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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17
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Ouyang Z, Chen M, Sun J, Zhai J. Expression and role of hScrib in endometrium, endometriosis, and endometrial adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14076. [PMID: 30702562 PMCID: PMC6380690 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the role of hScrib in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.This was a retrospective study of 240 women in our hospital between January 2014 and January 2017. The expression of hScrib in endometrium (EM), endometriosis (EMs), and endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) was investigated, and compared the differences among them. Serum levels, protein expressions, localizations, and correlations of hScrib and E-cadherin were determined.The levels of serum soluble hScrib and E-cadherin were significantly highest in EC, followed by EMs, and healthy women (P < .05). hScrib protein content was opposite result in 3 tissues (P < .05), and was negatively correlated with r-AFS stage in EMs. The location changed from membrane to cytoplasm. Co-localization of hScrib with E-cadherin was found at extensive cell-cell boundaries in EMs.hScrib and E-cadherin may be as new diagnostic markers of endometriosis. Low expression of hScrib leads to the loss of cell polarity and stability. Also, hScrib may induce EMT through regulating E-cadherin, might play an important role in pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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18
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Zhong Y, Wang Y, Huang J, Xu X, Pan W, Gao S, Zhang Y, Su M. Association of hCG and LHCGR expression patterns with clinicopathological parameters in ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:748-754. [PMID: 30712886 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its critical role during pregnancy, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been shown to be expressed by various tumor types. Recent studies have similarly documented the presence of the luteinizing hormone (LH)/hCG receptor (LHCGR) in a variety of nongonadal organs; however, its clinicopathological significance in ovarian cancer remains unclear. The present study used a combination of immunohistochemical, real-time PCR, and western blot analyses to examine hCG and LHCGR expression in normal and cancerous tissues collected from patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). hCG and LHCGR expression levels were resultantly shown to be significantly increased and decreased in cancerous versus normal (or benign) ovarian tissues, respectively (P < 0.05), and both expression pattern changes were associated with more advanced tumor stages and a higher rate of metastasis. Furthermore, patients with tumors with high or low levels of hCG and LHCGR, respectively, experienced a worse overall survival (OS) rate than those with low hCG or high LHCGR expression levels (P < 0.05). In fact, hCG and LHCGR expression levels were independent prognostic factors of patient OS (P < 0.05) for EOC. Collectively, these findings indicate that hCG and LHCGR expression pattern changes are associated with EOC occurrence and progression. Thus, hCG and LHCGR represent promising potential targets to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology, Nantong University, China; Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Pathology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Weidong Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Sainan Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Min Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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19
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Wu W, Gao H, Li X, Peng S, Yu J, Liu N, Zhan G, Zhu Y, Wang K, Guo X. β-hCG promotes epithelial ovarian cancer metastasis through ERK/MMP2 signaling pathway. Cell Cycle 2018; 18:46-59. [PMID: 30582718 PMCID: PMC6343691 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1558869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with typically extensive intraperitoneal implantation leading to poor prognosis. Our previous study preliminarily demonstrated β-hCG can promote tumorigenesis in immortalized nontumorigenic ovarian epithelial cells. In this study, the roles and mechanisms of β-hCG in regulating EOC proliferation and metastasis were thoroughly explored. First, histologically, β-hCG was aberrantly overexpressed in human EOC metastatic tissues, and significantly correlated with FIGO stage, tumor size, differentiation, histologic grade and high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) (P < 0.05). However, serologically, β-hCG expression showed no significant difference between EOC and nonmalignant ovarian patients. Second, β-hCG was confirmed to have no significant effects on EOC proliferation in vitro and in vivo, while β-hCG upregulation was proven to promote migration and invasion ability in ES-2 and OVCAR-3 cells in vitro (P < 0.05), and β-hCG downregulation in SKOV3 cells had the opposite effect. Moreover, more invadopodia protrusions, mitochondria accumulations and cytoskeletal rearrangements were observed in β-hCG-overexpressing ES-2 cells, while β-hCG-depleted SKOV3 cells produced the opposite effect. Furthermore, β-hCG was confirmed to clearly facilitate intraperitoneal metastasis in nude mouse orthotopic ovarian xenograft models. Importantly, these effects of β-hCG were mediated by activation of the ERK/MMP2 signaling pathway, independently of luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) presence, and inhibition the pathway with the p-ERK1/2 inhibitor SCH772984 significantly impaired the tumor-promoting effects induced by β-hCG. Collectively, these data provide new insight into the roles and mechanisms of β-hCG in regulating EOC metastasis through ERK/MMP2 signaling pathway and may become a new target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Wu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hao Gao
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Shumin Peng
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children , Chongqing , China
| | - Jing Yu
- c Department of Pathology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Na Liu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Guangxi Zhan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yong Zhu
- d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine , Xinjiang , China
| | - Kai Wang
- e Clinical and Translational Research Center , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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20
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Lu DH, Yang J, Gao LK, Min J, Tang JM, Hu M, Li Y, Li ST, Chen J, Hong L. Lysine demethylase 2A promotes the progression of ovarian cancer by regulating the PI3K pathway and reversing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:917-927. [PMID: 30483796 PMCID: PMC6313075 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the most common cause of death in ovarian cancer patients but remains largely untreated. Epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critical for the conversion of early‑stage ovarian tumors into metastatic malignancies. Thus, investigating the signaling pathways promoting EMT may identify potential targets for the treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer. Lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A), also known as FBXL11 and JHDM1A, is a histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) demethylase that regulates EMT and the metastasis of ovarian cancer. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of EMT suppression in ovarian cancer have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. In the present study, we used Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to determine that KDM2A is significantly upregulated in human ovarian cancers. KDM2A expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) borderline ovarian tumors and normal ovary tissues. Seven fresh EOC tissues and 3 fresh normal ovary tissues were collected for western blot analysis. Kaplan‑Meier survival curves were constructed to identify genes related to EOC prognosis from the TCGA data portal. Stable KDM2A‑knockdown cell lines were established to study the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of KDM2A in EMT in vitro. GEO database analysis revealed that KDM2A was highly upregulated in EOC tissues; this analysis was accompanied by immunochemistry and western blot analysis using samples of human tissues. High expression of KDM2A was associated with poor survival in EOC patients. KDM2A knockdown promoted apoptosis and suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells in vitro. EMT and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway were suppressed in KDM2A‑silenced cells. Inactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in A2780 cells induced EMT inhibition. Our data revealed that KDM2A functions as a tumor oncogene, and the downregulation of KDM2A expression regulates EMT and EOC progression, providing a valuable prognostic marker and potential target for the treatment of EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Hua Lu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Li-Kun Gao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ming Tang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Su-Ting Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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