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The Role of Non-Coding RNAs in the Regulation of the Proto-Oncogene MYC in Different Types of Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080921. [PMID: 34440124 PMCID: PMC8389562 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression level of the MYC gene are often found in the cells of various malignant tumors. Overexpressed MYC has been shown to stimulate the main processes of oncogenesis: uncontrolled growth, unlimited cell divisions, avoidance of apoptosis and immune response, changes in cellular metabolism, genomic instability, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Thus, controlling the expression of MYC is considered as an approach for targeted cancer treatment. Since c-Myc is also a crucial regulator of many cellular processes in healthy cells, it is necessary to find ways for selective regulation of MYC expression in tumor cells. Many recent studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNAs play an important role in the regulation of the transcription and translation of this gene and some RNAs directly interact with the c-Myc protein, affecting its stability. In this review, we summarize current data on the regulation of MYC by various non-coding RNAs that can potentially be targeted in specific tumor types.
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Lou S, Huang X, Tian X, Wang Z, Lin A, Dai H, Zhou J, Ruan J, Yuan L, Wang J. Investigation of the relationship between CMYC gene polymorphisms and glioma susceptibility in Chinese children. Cancer Invest 2021; 39:819-825. [PMID: 34325590 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1955374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a common central nervous system tumors in children. CMYC has a range of functions that are disrupted in various tumor cells, and may contribute to the occurrence and development of glioma. Two CMYC single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs4645943C > T and rs2070583 A > G) were genotyped in 190 cases and 248 controls from Wenzhou and Guangzhou hospitals. After adjusting for age and sex, odds ratio and 95% confidence interval values were calculated by logistic regression to evaluate the correlation between CMYC gene polymorphisms and glioma risk; no significant associations were detected. These results require future validation in a larger sample cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Lou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokai Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanqi Dai
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingying Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jichen Ruan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Juxiang Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
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MiR-24-3p as a prognostic indicator for multiple cancers: from a meta-analysis view. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226991. [PMID: 33206184 PMCID: PMC7711065 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of researches suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) as oncogene or tumor suppressor genes play a fundamental role in various kinds of cancers. Among them, miR-24-3p, as a star molecule, is widely studied. However, the prognostic value of miR-24-3p is unclear and controversial. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-24-3p in a variety of cancers by integrated existing articles from four databases. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (last update in March 2020) were searched for approach literature. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were used to evaluate the association between miR-24-3p expression levels and prognostic value or clinicopathological characteristics, respectively. A total of 15 studies from 14 literature were finally qualified and concluded in the present meta-analysis. A significantly worse overall survival was observed in higher expression of miR-24-3p cancer group for OS (overall survival) of log-rank tests and Cox multivariate regression by fixed effects model. Also, we found a significant correlation between elevated miR-24-3p levels to RFS (recurrence-free survival) and DFS (disease-free survival). In addition, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) showed that evaluated miR-24-3p was also associated with the larger tumor size (≥5 cm) and advanced TNM stage (III and IV). Built on the above findings, elevated expression levels of miR-24-3p may serve as a promising biomarker used to predict the worse prognosis of cancer patients.
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Liu R, Kong W, Zheng S, Yu C, Yu Y, Xu Y, Ye L, Shao Y. Prognostic significance of microRNA miR-24 in cancers: a meta-analysis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:450-460. [PMID: 33550881 PMCID: PMC8291878 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1875662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic significance of miR-24 in tumors has not been determined. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to systematically assess the correlation between miR-24 and its prognostic value in cancers PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were used to search relevant articles (up to 1 October 2020). Studies that evaluated the prognostic value of miR-24 in tumors were included. The hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate survival outcomes and clinical characteristics. All data analyses were implemented using STATA 12.0 software. A total of 17 studies from 15 articles involving 1705 patients were collected for the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that elevated miR-24 expression was obviously associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.20-2.31). Furthermore, we also found that elevated miR-24 expression was positively correlated with tumor size (large or small) and tumor stage (III-IV vs I-II). Elevated miR-24 expression indicates poor prognosis and may be a promising prognostic marker in different cancers. Our findings needed to be verified through further investigations. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqiang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weihao Kong
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shiyang Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yajie Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuling Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Linsen Ye
- Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Wang S, Liu N, Tang Q, Sheng H, Long S, Wu W. MicroRNA-24 in Cancer: A Double Side Medal With Opposite Properties. Front Oncol 2020; 10:553714. [PMID: 33123467 PMCID: PMC7566899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.553714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-24 (miR-24) has been widely studied in a variety of human cancers, which plays different roles in specific type of cancers. In the present review, we summarized the recent surveys regarding the role of miR-24 in different human cancers. On the one hand, miR-24 was reported to be down-regulated in some types of cancer, indicating its role as a tumor suppressor. On the other hand, it has shown that miR-24 was up-regulated in some other types of cancer, even in the same type of cancer, suggesting the role of miR-24 being as an oncogene. Firstly, miR-24 was dysregualted in human cancers, which is related to the clinical performance of cancer patients. Thus miR-24 could be used as a potential non-invasive diagnostic marker in human cancers. Secondly, miR-24 was associated with the tumor initiation and progression, being as a promoter or inhibitor. Therefore, miR-24 might be an effective prognostic biomarker in different type of cancers. Lastly, the abnormal expression of miR-24 was involved in the chemo- and radio- therapies of cancer patients, indicating the role of miR-24 being as a predictive biomarker to cancer treatment. Totally, miR-24 contributes to tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and tumor therapy, which closely related to clinic. The present review shows that miR-24 plays a double role in human cancers and provides plenty of evidences to apply miR-24 as a potential novel therapeutic target in treating human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nayan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunqin Long
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
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