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Xu Z, Yao X, Duan C, Liu H, Xu H. Metabolic changes in kidney stone disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142207. [PMID: 37228601 PMCID: PMC10203412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone disease (KSD) is one of the earliest medical diseases known, but the mechanism of its formation and metabolic changes remain unclear. The formation of kidney stones is a extensive and complicated process, which is regulated by metabolic changes in various substances. In this manuscript, we summarized the progress of research on metabolic changes in kidney stone disease and discuss the valuable role of some new potential targets. We reviewed the influence of metabolism of some common substances on stone formation, such as the regulation of oxalate, the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), macrophage polarization, the levels of hormones, and the alternation of other substances. New insights into changes in substance metabolism changes in kidney stone disease, as well as emerging research techniques, will provide new directions in the treatment of stones. Reviewing the great progress that has been made in this field will help to improve the understanding by urologists, nephrologists, and health care providers of the metabolic changes in kidney stone disease, and contribute to explore new metabolic targets for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyang Yao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Duan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Stanford Bio-X, Stanford University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Hou J, Fan JM. KCNQ1OT1 Influences HK-2 Apoptosis and Inflammation in LPS-Induced Acute Renal Injury via Modulating miR-30a-5p/NLRP3 Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2789900. [PMID: 36523420 PMCID: PMC9747322 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2789900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the influence of KCNQ1OT1 on HK-2 apoptosis and inflammation in ARI and its molecular mechanism. Methods Normal cultivated HK-2 cells were used as negative control (NC) group. Three different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to treat the cells (5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, and 20 μg/mL). The groups included si-KCN1OT1+ LPS, si-NC + LPS, miR-30a-5p + LPS, pcDNA-NLRP3+si-KCNQ1OT1 + LPS group, miR-NC + LPS group, and pcDNA + si-KCNQ1OT1 + LPS group. CCK-8 and flow cytometry are used to measure cell viability and apoptosis, while RT-qPCR and Western blotting are used to detect KCNQ1OT1, miR-30a-5p, and NLRP3 mRNA. ELISA was used to detect the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in HK-2 cells. The targeting relationship among KCNQ1OT1, miR-30a-5p, and NLRP3 was verified. Results After the intervention of LPS, the viability of HK-2 cells was decreased, while the apoptosis rates were increased. The mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3 and KCNQ1OT1 were increased, while the mRNA and protein levels of miR-30a-5p were decreased (P < 0.05). The expressions of Bax and Cleaved-caspase-3 were downregulated after silencing KCNQ1OT1 and overexpressed miR-30a-5p. In addition, the viability of HK-2 cells was improved, and the apoptosis was reduced by inhibiting KCNQ1OT1 and overexpressed miR-30a-5p. Thus, KCNQ1OT1 modulated NLRP3 via targeting miR-30a-5p. Overexpression of NLRP3 reverses KCNQ1OT1 inhibition of LPS-induced apoptosis, activity, and inflammation in HK-2 cells. Conclusions Through modulating the miR-30a-5p/NLRP3 axis, inhibition of KCNQ1OT1 may reduce HK-2 apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced ARI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ming Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Chengdu Medical College Southwest Medical University, Chengdu, China
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GDH promotes isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy by activating mTOR signaling via elevation of α-ketoglutarate level. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:1373-1385. [PMID: 35904584 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies reveal that metabolism dysfunction contributes to the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. While the abnormal lipid and glucose utilization in cardiomyocytes responding to hypertrophic stimuli have been extensively studied, the alteration and implication of glutaminolysis are rarely discussed. In the present work, we provide the first evidence that glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), an enzyme that catalyzes conversion of glutamate into ɑ-ketoglutarate (AKG), participates in isoprenaline (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy through activating mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. The expression and activity of GDH were enhanced in cultured cardiomyocytes and rat hearts following ISO treatment. Overexpression of GDH, but not its enzymatically inactive mutant, provoked cardiac hypertrophy. In contrast, GDH knockdown could relieve ISO-triggered hypertrophic responses. The intracellular AKG level was elevated by ISO or GDH overexpression, which led to increased phosphorylation of mTOR and downstream effector ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K). Exogenous supplement of AKG also resulted in mTOR activation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. However, incubation with rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, attenuated hypertrophic responses in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, GDH silencing protected rats from ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy. These findings give a further insight into the role of GDH in cardiac hypertrophy and suggest it as a potential target for hypertrophy-related cardiomyopathy.
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Lin Y, Zhu G, Li X, Yu H, Luo Y, Lin J, Li R, Huang Z. Icariin and Competing Endogenous RNA Network: A Potential Protective Strategy Against Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2343-2363. [PMID: 35910780 PMCID: PMC9329895 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s369100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Icariin presents protective effect in several kidney diseases. However, the role of icariin in contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of icariin in CIAKI, as well as exploring the underlying mechanism from the aspect of interaction between protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs. Methods The effect of icariin was evaluated in both in vivo and in vitro CIAKI models. Rat kidneys were collected for genome-wide sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and visualized by R software. The function annotation of DEGs was analyzed by Metascape. By Cytoscape software, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, and hub genes were selected. Expressions of hub genes were validated by PCR. Association of hub genes in the ceRNA network and renal function was also examined. Results Icariin protected against CIAKI in both in vivo and in vitro models. Based on DEGs in icariin pretreated CIAKI rats, lncRNA- and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks were constructed, respectively. Function annotation showed the ceRNA networks were enriched in ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, MAPK signaling and NF-κB signaling. Further, two circRNAs, six lncRNAs, four miRNAs and nine mRNAs were selected as hub genes of the ceRNA network. Among them, eight mRNAs (Acot1, Cbwd1, Ly6i, Map3k14, Mettl2b, Nyap1, Set and Utp20) were negatively correlated with renal function, while one mRNA (Tmem44) was positively correlated with renal function. Conclusion Icariin presented a protective effect against CIAKI. The ceRNA network, involving Acot1, Cbwd1, Ly6i, Map3k14, Mettl2, Nyap1, Set, Tmem44 and Utp20, might partially contribute to the underlying mechanism of icariin protection by regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, MAPK signaling and NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Yunkang School of Medicine and Health, Nanfang College, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Zhu
- Department of General Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaxiao Yu
- The Third Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Luo
- The Third Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiong Lin
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renyuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Renyuan Li, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18926146852, Email
| | - Zena Huang
- Yunkang School of Medicine and Health, Nanfang College, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zena Huang, Yunkang School of Medicine and Health, Nanfang College, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13570466614, Email
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Ramanjaneya M, Priyanka R, Bensila M, Jerobin J, Pawar K, Sathyapalan T, Abou-Samra AB, Halabi NM, Moin ASM, Atkin SL, Butler AE. MiRNA and associated inflammatory changes from baseline to hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917041. [PMID: 36017315 PMCID: PMC9395634 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases morbidity and mortality but the underlying physiological response is still not fully understood, though physiological changes are still apparent 24 hours after the event. Small noncoding microRNA (miRNA) have multiple downstream biological effects that may respond rapidly to stress. We hypothesized that hypoglycemia would induce rapid miRNA changes; therefore, this pilot exploratory study was undertaken. METHODS A pilot prospective, parallel study in T2D (n=23) and controls (n=23). Insulin-induced hypoglycemia (2mmol/l: 36mg/dl) was induced and blood sampling performed at baseline and hypoglycemia. Initial profiling of miRNA was undertaken on pooled samples identified 96 miRNA that were differentially regulated, followed by validation on a custom designed 112 miRNA panel. RESULTS Nine miRNAs differed from baseline to hypoglycemia in control subjects; eight were upregulated: miR-1303, miR-let-7e-5p, miR-1267, miR-30a-5p, miR-571, miR-661, miR-770-5p, miR-892b and one was downregulated: miR-652-3p. None of the miRNAs differed from baseline in T2D subjects. CONCLUSION A rapid miRNA response reflecting protective pathways was seen in control subjects that appeared to be lost in T2D, suggesting that mitigating responses to hypoglycemia with blunting of the counter-regulatory response in T2D occurs even in patients with short duration of disease. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03102801?term=NCT03102801&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT03102801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruth Priyanka
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Milin Bensila
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Krunal Pawar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Jaipur, India
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | - Najeeb M. Halabi
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Butler,
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