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González GE, Poggio L. Polyploid speciation in Zea (Poaceae): cytogenetic insights. PLANTA 2024; 259:67. [PMID: 38332313 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The analysis of meiotic pairing affinities and genomic formulae in species and hybrids of Zea allowed us to speculate an evolutionary model to recreate the ancient polyploidization of maize and allied species. The meiotic pairing affinities and the genomic formulae analysis in Zea species and hybrids obtained in new and previous crosses, together with the molecular data known in the genus, allowed us to speculate an evolutionary model to attempt to recreate the ancient polyploidization process of Zea species. We propose that x = 5 semispecies are the ancestors of all modern species of the genus. The complex evolutionary process that originated the different taxa could be included hybridization between sympatric diploid ancestral semispecies (2n = 10) and recurrent duplication of the hybrid chromosome number, resulting in distinct auto- and allopolyploids. After the merger and doubling of independent genomes would have undergone cytological and genetical diploidization, implying revolutionary changes in genome organization and genic balance processes. Based on the meiotic behaviour of the 2n = 30 hybrids, that showed homoeology between the A subgenomes of all parental species, we propose that this subgenome A would be pivotal in all the species and would have conserved the rDNA sequences and the pairing regulator locus (PrZ). In the hypothetical model postulated here, the ancestral semispecies with the pivotal subgenome A would have had a wide geographic distribution, co-occurring and hybridizing with the semispecies harbouring B subgenomes, thus enabling sympatric speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciela Esther González
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET), Laboratorio de Citogenética y Evolución (LaCyE), Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Lidia Poggio
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET), Laboratorio de Citogenética y Evolución (LaCyE), Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yan X, Li Y, Wu Z, Li Y, Wen X, Li X, He R, Yang C, Zhao Y, Cheng M, Zhang P, Sam EK, Rong T, He J, Tang Q. Analysis of the genitor origin of an intergeneric hybrid clone between Zea and Tripsacum for forage production by McGISH. BREEDING SCIENCE 2020; 70:241-245. [PMID: 32523406 PMCID: PMC7272247 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.19107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the chromosome number and composition of a novel perennial forage crop, 'Yucao No. 6' (Yu6), was revealed by chromosome spread and McGISH (multicolor genomic in situ hybridization) techniques to clarify its genitor origin. Cytogenetic analysis showed that Yu6, which has 56 chromosomes, is an aneuploid representing 12, 17 and 27 chromosomes from Zea mays ssp. mays L. (Zm, 2n = 2x = 20), Tripsacum dactyloides L. (Td, 2n = 4x = 72), and Z. perennis (Hitchc.) Reeves & Mangelsd. (Zp, 2n = 4x = 40), respectively. This finding indicates that Yu6 is the product of a reduced egg (n = 36 = 12Zm + 17Td + 7Zp) of MTP (a near-allohexaploid hybrid, 2n = 74 = 20Zm + 34Td + 20Zp) fertilized by a haploid sperm nucleus (n = 20Zp) of Z. perennis. Moreover, 3 translocated chromosomes consisting of the maize-genome chromosome with the segment of Z. perennis were observed. These results suggest that it is practical to develop perennial forage maize by remodeling the chromosomal architecture of MTP offspring with Z. perennis as a pollen parent. Finally, the overview of forage breeding in the Zea and Tripsacum genera was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
- Animal Husbandry Research Center & Sericulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 52 Hezhong Street Shunqing District, Nanchong, 637000, China P.R.
| | - Yingzheng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Zizhou Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Yang Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Ruyu He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
- Guizhou Prataculture Institute, No. 1 Jinnong Road Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550006, China P.R.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Mingjun Cheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
- Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center, No. 4 Wuhouci Street, Chengdu, 610041, China P.R.
| | - Ping Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Ebenezer Kofi Sam
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Jianmei He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
| | - Qilin Tang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China P.R.
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Tripsazea, a Novel Trihybrid of Zea mays, Tripsacum dactyloides, and Zea perennis. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:839-848. [PMID: 31792004 PMCID: PMC7003090 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A trispecific hybrid, MTP (hereafter called tripsazea), was developed from intergeneric crosses involving tetraploid Zea mays (2n = 4x = 40, genome: MMMM), tetraploid Tripsacum dactyloides (2n = 4x = 72, TTTT), and tetraploid Z. perennis (2n = 4x = 40, PPPP). On crossing maize-Tripsacum (2n = 4x = 56, MMTT) with Z. perennis, 37 progenies with varying chromosome numbers (36-74) were obtained, and a special one (i.e., tripsazea) possessing 2n = 74 chromosomes was generated. Tripsazea is perennial and expresses phenotypic characteristics affected by its progenitor parent. Flow cytometry analysis of tripsazea and its parents showed that tripsazea underwent DNA sequence elimination during allohexaploidization. Of all the chromosomes in diakinesis I, 18.42% participated in heterogenetic pairing, including 16.43% between the M- and P-genomes, 1.59% between the M- and T-genomes, and 0.39% in T- and P-genome pairing. Tripsazea is male sterile and partly female fertile. In comparison with previously synthesized trihybrids containing maize, Tripsacum and teosinte, tripsazea has a higher chromosome number, higher seed setting rate, and vegetative propagation ability of stand and stem. However, few trihybrids possess these valuable traits at the same time. The potential of tripsazea is discussed with respect to the deployment of the genetic bridge for maize improvement and forage breeding.
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