Squamarina (lichenised fungi) species described from China belong to at least three unrelated genera

Three new taxa of the lichen genus Lobothallia (Megasporaceae, Ascomycota) from China

Two new species; Lobothalliacrenulata Lun Wang & Y. Y. Zhang, L.lobulata Lun Wang & Y. Y. Zhang and one new variety; L.subdiffractavar.rimosa Lun Wang & Y. Y. Zhang, are reported from China and described, based on morphological, chemical and molecular characters. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these new taxa form monophyletic groups. Lobothalliacrenulata and L.lobulata, together with L.hydrocharis, L.radiosa and L.recedens, form a well-supported clade, whereas L.subdiffractavar.rimosa is nested within the samples of L.subdiffracta. Lobothalliacrenulata is characterised by its placodioid thallus, thickly pruinose upper surface with a rimose appearance, aspicilioid to lecanorine apothecia with a crenate thalline margin and concave, black and pruinose discs. Lobothallialobulata is characterised by its placodioid thallus, pruinose upper surface with lobules, aspicilioid when immature, lecanorine to zeorine apothecia at maturity and concave to plane, dark brown, shiny and epruinose discs. Lobothalliasubdiffractavar.rimosa is characterised by its areolate thallus, rimose and pruinose upper surface, lecanorine apothecia and slightly concave to plane, black and pruinose discs. Secondary metabolites were not detected in the two new species nor the new variety. A key is provided for the species of Lobothallia in China.

Two new species of Rhizoplaca (Lecanoraceae) from Southwest China

In this study, two new species, Rhizoplacaadpressa Y. Y. Zhang & Li S. Wang and R.auriculata Y. Y. Zhang, Li S. Wang & Printzen, are described from Southwest China, based on their morphology, phylogeny and chemistry. In phylogeny, the two new species are monophyletic, and sister to each other within Rhizoplacachrysoleuca-complex. Rhizoplacaadpressa is characterized by its placodioid and closely adnate thallus, pale green and heavily pruinose upper surface, narrow (ca. 1 mm) and white free margin on the lower surface of marginal squamules, the absence of a lower cortex, and its basally non-constricted apothecia with orange discs that turn reddish-brown at maturity. Rhizoplacaauriculata is characterized by its squamulose to placodioid thallus, yellowish green and marginally pruinose squamules, wide (1-3 mm) and bluish-black free margin on the lower surface of marginal squamules, the absence of a lower cortex, and its basally constricted apothecia with persistently orange discs. Rhizoplacaadpressa and R.auriculata share the same secondary metabolites of usnic and placodiolic acids.