First record of a cavernicolous Kinnaridae from the Old World (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoromorpha, Kinnaridae, Adolendini) provides testimony of an ancient fauna

Postembryonic development of the troglobitic planthopper species Valenciolenda fadaforesta Hoch & Sendra, 2021 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Kinnaridae), with a key to nymphal instars

All nymphal instars of the recently discovered troglobitic planthopper species Valenciolenda fadaforesta Hoch & Sendra, 2021 are described. This represents the first documentation of the complete postembryonic development of any species in the family Kinnaridae. Characters of the external morphology are described and illustrated, and a key to the instars are provided to facilitate discrimination among the different nymphal stages. While V. fadaforesta nymphs share certain synapomorphies with other Fulgoromorpha (except the Tettigometridae), e.g., the cog-wheel structures of the metatrochanters, other characters may be correlated with the subterranean way of life of the species, and thus be autapomorphic, such as the absence of compound eyes in all instars.

 Coframalaxius bletteryi gen. et sp. nov. from subterranean habitat in Southern France (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae, Oecleini)

A new planthoppers genus and species of CixiidaeOecleini, Coframalaxius bletteryigen. nov. sp. nov. newly discovered in a cave near Nice in southern France, is described. Molecular analysis confirms the morphology-based classification of Coframalaxius as sister to Trigonocranus within the Oecleni. Several morphological characters are further discussed. A double-grasping coxo-femoral and femoro-tibial system is regarded as apomorphic for the oecline taxa and would allow the nymph to firmly grab the roots and rootlets on which it feeds or use to progress in the soil. Wing vein patterns are discussed in the Cixiidae: 1) for the forewings, Oecleini belong to the trifid type of the anterior MP branch, leading to the reinterpretation of some recently described Neotropical species, 2) for the hindwing, four connection types (U-, V-, Y- and I-types) between MP and CuA are described. Oecleini belongs to I-type with a complete fusion of MP3+4 with CuA1. Although the area where the cave is located is well-studied with respect to its regularly sampled epigean fauna for many years, the taxon is new to science, highlighting its probable completely hypogean life cycle and leading to consider Coframalaxius bletteryi as an eutroglophile species.

Biodiversity in the Cueva del Viento Lava Tube System (Tenerife, Canary Islands)

Cueva del Viento and Cueva de Felipe Reventón are lava tubes located in Tenerife, Canary Islands, and are considered the volcanic caves with the greatest cave-dwelling diversity in the world. Geological aspects of the island relevant to the formation of these caves are discussed, and their most outstanding internal geomorphological structures are described. An analysis of the environmental parameters relevant to animal communities is made, and an updated list of the cave-adapted species and their way of life into the caves is provided. Some paleontological data and comments on the conservation status of these tubes are included.