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Strzelczyk JK, Świętek A, Hudy D, Gołąbek K, Gaździcka J, Miśkiewicz-Orczyk K, Ścierski W, Strzelczyk J, Misiołek M. Low Prevalence of HSV-1 and Helicobacter pylori in HNSCC and Chronic Tonsillitis Patients Compared to Healthy Individuals. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13101798. [PMID: 37238282 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies identified viral and bacterial factors, including HSV-1 and H. pylori, as possible factors associated with diseases such as chronic tonsillitis and cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We assessed the prevalence of HSV-1/2 and H. pylori in patients with HNSCC, chronic tonsillitis, and healthy individuals using PCR after DNA isolation. Associations were sought between the presence of HSV-1, H. pylori, and clinicopathological and demographic characteristics and stimulant use. HSV-1 and H. pylori were most frequently identified in controls (HSV-1: 12.5% and H. pylori: 6.3%). There were 7 (7.8%) and 8 (8.6%) patients with positive HSV-1 in HNSCC and chronic tonsillitis patients, respectively, while the prevalence of H. pylori was 0/90 (0%) and 3/93 (3.2%), respectively. More cases of HSV-1 were observed in older individuals in the control group. All positive HSV-1 cases in the HNSCC group were associated with advanced tumor stage (T3/T4). The prevalence of HSV-1 and H. pylori was highest in the controls compared to HNSCC and chronic tonsillitis patients, which indicates that the pathogens were not risk factors. However, since all positive HSV-1 cases in the HNSCC group were observed only in patients with advanced tumor stage, we suggested a possible link between HSV-1 and tumor progression. Further follow-up of the study groups is planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agata Świętek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
- Silesia LabMed Research and Implementation Center, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dorota Hudy
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karolina Gołąbek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Gaździcka
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Miśkiewicz-Orczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowskiej St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Wojciech Ścierski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowskiej St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Janusz Strzelczyk
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 35 Ceglana St., 40-514 Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Misiołek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 10 C Skłodowskiej St., 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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Taha A, Pitaro J, Lazarovitch T, Muallem-Kalmovich L, Garti Y, Gavriel H. The association between Helicobacter pylori and chronic otitis media with effusion. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:891-896. [PMID: 36178529 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) is a common condition in children and a leading cause for hearing loss and ventilation tubes (VT) insertion. Among other risk factors, it is suggested that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may have a role in the pathogenesis of COME. Previous studies have reached different results, and therefore, there is a need for further data on the relationship between H. pylori infection and COME development in children. Our objective is to investigate the presence of H. pylori in the middle-ear fluid (MEF) from children with COME. METHODS A Comparative cross-sectional study. Children ≤ 18 years were included. The study group included children diagnosed with COME and required VT insertion. The control group included children with acute otitis media (AOM) who required myringotomy in the emergency room. Middle-ear fluid samples were sent for both culture and bacterial identification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. RESULTS A total of 43 children were included. Eighteen with COME (median age 4 years, IQR 3-6), and 25 with AOM (median age 1 year, IQR 1-2). All samples were cultured for H. pylori. Twenty-two samples underwent H. pylori PCR testing of them, 12 samples from children with COME, and 10 from children with AOM. All cultures and PCR tests results were negative for H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that H. pylori does not have a role in the pathogenesis of COME. Future larger studies are needed to investigate whether H. pylori has a role in the pathogenesis of COME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Taha
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 70300, Zerifin, Israel.
| | - Jacob Pitaro
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 70300, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Tsilia Lazarovitch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 70300, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Limor Muallem-Kalmovich
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 70300, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Yael Garti
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 70300, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Haim Gavriel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 70300, Zerifin, Israel
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Duan M, Li Y, Liu J, Zhang W, Dong Y, Han Z, Wan M, Lin M, Lin B, Kong Q, Ding Y, Yang X, Zuo X, Li Y. Transmission routes and patterns of helicobacter pylori. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e12945. [PMID: 36645421 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach, can cause chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers, as well as gastric cancer as a Class I carcinogen. However, the modes of H. pylori transmission are not clear. This review aims to clarify the transmission routes and patterns of H. pylori and identify efficacious prevention measures. METHODS Studies of H. pylori transmission were identified using PubMed, the Web of Science, and Cochrane Central; the retrieval deadline was October 2022. RESULTS The transmission routes of H. pylori are discussed, focusing on the five primary transmission routes, namely fecal-oral, oral-oral, gastric-oral, anal-oral, and genital-oral. We propose that H. pylori is contracted through multiple transmission routes. Additionally, we summarize the key transmission patterns of H. pylori, including person-to-person and animal-to-human transmission, as well as foodborne and occupational exposure. CONCLUSION Fecal-oral appears to be the most common H. pylori transmission routes. Although the oral-oral pathway is also important, the evidence does not support that this route of transmission is universal. The gastric-oral route occurs primarily in children and patients who are prone to vomiting. Meanwhile, the anal-oral and genital-oral routes remain hypothetical. Person-to-person and foodborne infections represent the predominant transmission patterns of H. pylori, whereas strong environmental and occupational limitations are associated with animal-to-human and occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenlin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongxue Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Minjuan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Boshen Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingzhou Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuming Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuli Zuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Laboratory of Translational Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Robot Engineering Laboratory for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy of GI Tumor, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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To Evaluate the Role of H. pylori in Patients with Chronic Recurrent Tonsillitis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 71:254-258. [PMID: 31275840 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-018-1313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The usual indication for surgical resection of tonsils is chronic recurrent tonsillitis. Literature also does not indicate the reason behind the fact that only part of the population suffers from recurrent chronic tonsillitis in spite being exposed to similar conditions. This was a prospective study, in which 50 tonsil biopsy samples obtained from chronic tonsillitis patients. Specimens were analysed with rapid urease broth test, HelicotecUT PLUS assay and Toluidine blue staining for presence of Helicobacter pylori. The age ranged from 4 to 34 years. The median age for patients with chronic recurrent tonsillitis was 9.5, 23 (46%) patients were male while 27 (54%) were female, presence of H. pylori by rapid urease broth test, HelicotecUT PLUS assay and Histopathology was 4%. Our analysis revealed that H. pylori did not significantly colonize the tonsils and does not play a role in the pathogenesis or development of chronic tonsillitis. The heterogeneity in study population and methodology may have contributed to the non significant results.
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Khalilpour A, Kazemzadeh-Narbat M, Tamayol A, Oklu R, Khademhosseini A. Biomarkers and diagnostic tools for detection of Helicobacter pylori. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4723-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
GOALS To develop a new nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for identifying Helicobacter pylori DNA from dental plaque. BACKGROUND H. pylori is one of the most common chronic bacterial pathogens in humans. The accurate detection of this organism is essential for proper patient management and for the eradication of the bacteria following treatment. STUDY Forty-nine patients (24 males and 25 females; mean age: 51; range, 19 to 94 y) were investigated for the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque by single-step PCR and nested PCR and in the stomach by single-step PCR, nested PCR, and histologic examination. RESULTS The newly developed nested PCR assay identified H. pylori DNA in gastric biopsies of 18 patients who were histologically classified as H. pylori-positive and 2 additional biopsies of patients who were H. pylori-negative by histologic examination (20/49; 40.8%). Dental plaque samples collected before and after endoscopy from the 49 patients revealed that single-step PCR did not detect H. pylori but nested PCR was able to detect H. pylori DNA in 40.8% (20/49) patients. Nested PCR gave a higher detection rate (40.8%, 20/49) than that of histology (36.7%, 18/49) and single-step PCR. When nested PCR results were compared with histology results there was no significant difference between the 2 methods. CONCLUSIONS Our newly developed nested PCR assay is at least as sensitive as histology and may be useful for H. pylori detection in patients unfit for endoscopic examination.
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Agüloğlu S, Turhanoğlu M, Eskimez S, Tacir İ. Detection ofHelicobacter PyloriColonization in Human Dental Plaques and Saliva of Patients with Chronic Gastritis. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2006.10817362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Valdez-Gonzalez JA, Mares-Moreno PC, Kowolik MJ, Vargas-Villlarreal J, Gonzalez-Salazar F, De la Garza-Ramos MA. Detection of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in dental plaque of mexican children by real-time PCR. Health (London) 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.64034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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The Role of Helicobacter pylori in Upper Respiratory System Infections: Is it More Than Colonization? Curr Infect Dis Rep 2012; 14:128-36. [PMID: 22311663 DOI: 10.1007/s11908-012-0237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (HP) is recognized as a common chronic human bacterial infection and is the most common cause of gastritis. Recent studies suggest an increased HP prevalence in patients with various extra-digestive inflammatory diseases. Since many respiratory diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation as well as increased immune response, and HP may enter the nasopharyngeal cavity by gastroesophageal reflux, an association between respiratory disorders and HP infection has been suggested. Several studies discover HP in clinical samples from the patients with upper respiratory system infections. Even some of them revealed a relief after the treatment directed to HP eradication. However some studies do not support this theory and whether this association means a definite proof of a causal relationship between HP and respiratory diseases needs to be clarified. In this study, we aimed to review the reports about the role of HP in upper respiratory system infections.
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Navabi N, Aramon M, Mirzazadeh A. Does the presence of the Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque associate with its gastric infection? A meta-analysis and systematic review. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2011; 8:178-82. [PMID: 22135688 PMCID: PMC3221084 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.86033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a great deal of studies on the relationship between the existence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in oral cavity (dental plaque) and in stomach of patients, with conflicting results worldwide. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the existing litreature to assess if the dental plaque could be a source of gastric H. pylori infection and to explore the source of heterogeneity around it. METHODS We searched all the papers published since 2000 on international (Medline, ISI, Embase) databases using standard keywords. Two researchers evaluated the articles with standard critical appraisal form independently and those articles with the quality acquired greater than 70% were included in the study. The combined results were calculated with weighted average and the source of hetrogeneity was tested by meta-regression (random) model. RESULTS Finally, 23 studies were included (1861 patients). The prevalence of co-infection of gastric and dental plaque H. pylori was 49.7% (95% CI 16-83.4%) and the percent of agreement between the dental plaque H. pylori status and the gastric H. pylori was estimated as 82%. Only one study has reported that dental treatment has a preventive effect on the recurrence of gastric H. pylori infection. CONCLUSION Co-infection of gastric H. pylori and dental plaque is reported by half of the studies. However, there is not enough evidence for the efficacy of dental treatment on prevention of recurrent gastric H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Navabi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moein Aramon
- Department of Oral Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mirzazadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Zou QH, Li RQ. Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity and gastric mucosa: a meta-analysis. J Oral Pathol Med 2011; 40:317-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01006.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Comparison of the virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori isolated in stomach and saliva in Iran. Am J Med Sci 2010; 340:345-9. [PMID: 21048436 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e3181d94fbc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic, spiral-shaped motile bacterium that is strongly associated with gastroduodenal diseases, but recently, dental plaque and saliva have been implicated as possible sources of H pylori infection. Two virulence factors that are expressed by the alleles of the cytotoxin genes, cagA and vacA, have been identified. The aim of this study was to compare cagA and vacA genotypes of H pylori between stomach and saliva in a same patient. METHODS This study was performed on antrum gastric biopsy specimens and saliva samples, which were obtained from 250 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in Hagar Hospital of Shahrekord Township in Iran. Initially, H pylori strains were identified by rapid urease test; then, we applied polymerase chain reaction assay to analyze cagA and vacA genotypes of H pylori from both gastric and saliva specimens. RESULTS One hundred eighty-nine (75.6%) and 36 (14.4%) samples were H pylori positive in gastric and saliva samples, respectively. Evaluation of virulence factors in the 36 patients whose saliva and gastric samples were both positive for H pylori showed a great deal of cytotoxin genotypic diversity between stomach and saliva in the same patient; in fact, 14 patients (38.8%) had different H pylori strains in their saliva and gastric samples. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that >1 H pylori strain may exist in stomach and saliva in the same patient.
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Is the presence of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of patients with chronic periodontitis a risk factor for gastric infection? CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2009; 23:177-9. [PMID: 19319381 DOI: 10.1155/2009/950527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is considered to be a pathogen responsible for gastritis and peptic ulcers, and a risk factor for gastric cancer. A periodontal pocket in the teeth of individuals with chronic periodontitis may function as a reservoir for H pylori. OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether the presence of H pylori in the dental plaque of patients with and without periodontitis correlates with gastric involvement. METHODS A total of 101 patients with dyspepsia were included in the present study. Subjects were divided into periodontitis and nonperiodontitis groups. For the detection of H pylori in dental plaque, samples were collected from two teeth using a periodontal curette. Subgingival plaque was obtained by inserting two sterile paper points into periodontal pockets for 20 s. This was followed by an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and antral biopsies. RESULTS Sixty-five per cent of patients had dental plaque positive for H pylori and more than 50% harboured the bacteria in their stomach. Periodontitis patients had a significantly higher percentage of H pylori in their dental plaque (79% versus 43%; P<0.05) and the stomach (60% versus 33%; P<0.05) than patients with no periodontitis. Additionally, 78% of patients from the periodontitis group versus only 30% from the nonperiodontitis group had a positive test result for the coexistence of H pylori in both dental plaque and the stomach. CONCLUSION Patients with poor oral hygiene have a higher prevalence of H pylori in dental plaque and in the stomach. This finding suggests that the oral cavity may be a reservoir for H pylori, and potentially a source of transmission or reinfection.
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Unreliability of results of PCR detection of Helicobacter pylori in clinical or environmental samples. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:738-42. [PMID: 19129407 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01563-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare published Helicobacter pylori primer pairs for their ability to reliably detect H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens and salivary samples. Detection limits of the 26 PCR primer pairs previously described for detection of H. pylori DNA in clinical samples were determined. Sensitivity and specificity were determined using primers with detection limits of <100 CFU/ml using 50 H. pylori-positive and -negative (by concordance by culture and histology) coded gastric biopsy specimens. These results were then confirmed with gastric biopsy specimens and saliva from patients with confirmed H. pylori status. Five of the twenty-six previously reported primer pairs (HP64-f/HP64-r, HP1/HP2, EHC-U/EHC-L, VAG-F/VAG-R, and ICT37/ICT38) had detection limits of <100 CFU/ml in the presence of gastric tissue. None had 100% specificity or sensitivity; all produced false-positive results. The HP64-f/HP64-r for ureA and HP1/HP2 for 16S rRNA individually had sensitivities and specificities of >90% with gastric biopsy specimens. No combinations of primer pairs improved the results. Using these five primer pairs, 54% of the positive saliva samples were determined to be false positive; both the HP64-f/HP64-r and the HP1/HP2 sets produced false positives with saliva. We conclude that clinicians should not rely on results using current PCR primers alone to decide the H. pylori status of an individual patient or as a basis for treatment decisions. The results of studies based on PCR identification of H. pylori in environmental samples should be viewed with caution. Possibly, specific primers sets can be identified based on the presence of multiple putative virulence factor genes.
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Liu Y, Lin H, Bai Y, Qin X, Zheng X, Sun Y, Zhang Y. Study on the relationship between Helicobacter pylori in the dental plaque and the occurrence of dental caries or oral hygiene index. Helicobacter 2008; 13:256-60. [PMID: 18665933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2008.00602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of our study were to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the dental plaque of Chinese children aged 3-6 years by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to investigate the relationship between this infection and the occurrence of dental caries or oral hygiene index. METHODS Two hundred and fourteen children from a kindergarten in Guangzhou City of China were evaluated. The children's plaques were assessed by plaque indices of Quigley-Hein. Dental plaque was analyzed using nested PCR for two sets of primers directed to the 860-bp fragment of H. pylori genomic DNA, which have been reported to be highly sensitive and specific by other researchers. RESULTS H. pylori was detected in dental plaque samples from 126 children, and 70 children with dental caries carried H. pylori in dental plaque. Of these children without infection, only 36 of 88 suffered dental caries. Besides, the average dental plaque index of 126 H. pylori-positive children was higher than that of 88 children without infection. In the present study, there was a significant correlation between H. pylori infection and dental caries or dental hygiene. CONCLUSION The oral cavity may be a reservoir for H. pylori infection in children. H. pylori in dental plaque may play a role in the occurrence of dental caries, and poor oral hygiene may represent a risk factor for H. pylori in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Detection and Analysis of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the Gastric Juice, Saliva, and Urine by Nested PCR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1348-8643(08)80003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Loster B, Bielanski W, Guzik TJ, Konturek PC, Zapala J, Konturek SJ. Implications of oral Helicobacter pylori for the outcome of its gastric eradication therapy. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007; 41:145-51. [PMID: 17245212 DOI: 10.1097/01.mcg.0000225654.85060.3d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important pathogen in gastritis, peptic ulcer and possibly gastric cancer, but several questions remain unanswered. Particularly how the organism is transmitted and what is the relationship between oral presence of H. pylori and the gastric infection. Accordingly, we aimed to characterize the H. pylori in oral cavity and to evaluate its relationship to gastric H. pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Out of total 100 screened for H. pylori infection female subjects (40 to 85 y), 49 patients (pts), who had positive C-urea breath test (UBT) and dyspeptic symptoms, agreed for 1 week regimen of triple anti-H. pylori therapy. The presence of H. pylori in oral cavity was assessed using bacterial culture from saliva and gingival pockets. Gastric H. pylori infection was estimated using capsulated C-urea breath test and plasma anti-H. pylori IgG and saliva IgA antibodies. In addition, plasma gastrin, ghrelin, and pepsinogen I were measured by radioimmunoassay. In selected patients, gastroscopy was additionally performed and gastric biopsy samples were taken for H. pylori random amplification of polymorphic DNA genetic profiling. RESULTS The triple therapy resulted in gastric H. pylori eradication in 79% pts, along with significant decrease of plasma gastrin combined with an increase in plasma ghrelin and pepsinogen I (PgI) levels and a marked alleviation of dyspeptic symptoms. In contrast to gastric effects, the eradication therapy failed to cause any changes in the presence of H. pylori in oral cavity. Moreover no relationship was observed between the presence of H. pylori in oral cavity and the gastric H. pylori eradication. In line with these findings, no relationship between gastric and oral H. pylori was found using genetic profiling by random amplification of polymorphic DNA. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori was detected both in the oral cavity and the stomach but oral H. pylori had no relation to gastric H. pylori and remained unaffected by eradication of gastric H. pylori.
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Olivier BJ, Bond RP, van Zyl WB, Delport M, Slavik T, Ziady C, Terhaar Sive Droste JS, Lastovica A, van der Merwe SW. Absence of Helicobacter pylori within the oral cavities of members of a healthy South African community. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:635-6. [PMID: 16455932 PMCID: PMC1392704 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.44.2.635-636.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Revised: 11/11/2005] [Accepted: 12/06/2005] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to evaluate the oral cavity as a reservoir from where Helicobacter pylori may be transmitted. Histology and PCR amplification were performed. Eighty-four percent of the stomach biopsies tested positive; however, H. pylori was not detected in dental samples, indicating the absence of H. pylori within the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Olivier
- Department of Internal. Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 1649, Faerie Glen, Pretoria, South Africa
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Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ, Dodd KW, Blaser MJ, Virtamo J, Taylor PR, Albanes D. Tooth loss, pancreatic cancer, and Helicobacter pylori. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78:176-81. [PMID: 12816788 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/78.1.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor dental health has been associated with increased risks of oral, esophageal, and gastric cancer and may also be associated with pancreatic cancer. In addition, Helicobacter pylori has been found in dental plaque and has been associated with periodontal disease and pancreatic cancer. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate prospectively the relation between dentition history and pancreatic cancer in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort in Finland and the association between dentition history and H. pylori seropositivity in a cross-sectional sample of subjects without cancer (n = 475) from the same cohort. DESIGN Of the 29,104 male smokers aged 50-69 y in the cohort for whom there were complete data, 174 developed pancreatic cancer from 1985 to 1997. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate age-, smoking-, education-, urban living-, and height-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs for pancreatic cancer, and logistic regression models were used to estimate age- and education-adjusted odds ratios for H. pylori carriage. RESULTS Tooth loss was positively associated with pancreatic cancer (edentulous compared with missing 0-10 teeth: hazard ratio = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.46; P for trend = 0.02) but was not significantly associated with H. pylori seropositivity (edentulous compared with missing 0-10 teeth: odds ratio = 1.30; 95% CI: 0.73, 2.32; P for trend = 0.37). CONCLUSION Additional studies are needed to evaluate the association between tooth loss and pancreatic cancer, as well as cancers at other gastrointestinal sites, particularly with respect to possible biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Z Stolzenberg-Solomon
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Dowsett SA, Kowolik MJ. Oral Helicobacter pylori: can we stomach it? CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 2003; 14:226-33. [PMID: 12799325 DOI: 10.1177/154411130301400307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common in man. The bacterium primarily resides in the human stomach, where it plays a significant role in gastric disease. If the spread of H. pylori is to be prevented, an understanding of the transmission process is essential. The oral cavity has been proposed as a reservoir for gastric H. pylori, which has been detected by culture and PCR in both dental plaque and saliva. This review will discuss the evidence for the role of the oral cavity in the transmission of gastric H. pylori. Moreover, the difficulties encountered in addressing this topic, possible directions for future research, and the implications for the dental profession are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Dowsett
- Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Allied Dental Programs, 1121 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Al-Refai ANM, Fathalla SE, Nagamani R, Al-Momen S. Incidence of helicobacter pylori in dental plaque of saudi gastritis patients. J Family Community Med 2002; 9:27-36. [PMID: 23008669 PMCID: PMC3430182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was identified in dental plaque, raising the possibility of future gastritis and peptic ulceration. OBJECTIVE This trial was to study the association between presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and in the stomachs of patients with gastritis; the effect of oral hygiene and periodontal condition on the stomach. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-five Saudi adult dyspeptic patients, together with 60 healthy persons as control. Two samples of dental plaque were taken from gingival crevice of deepest pocket. One sample was kept in Christensen's urea agar and incubated for H. pylori detection by rapid urease test. The second sample was kept in 5% sheep blood agar, chocolate agar and a selective medium to culture the H. pylori. Gastric urease test was done for the same patients. RESULTS (1) Plaque urease test results showed 89% positive patients. (2) Dental plaque Index:- Mild dental plaque accumulation in 24%, moderate in 41%, while severe accumulation was in 35% of the patients. (3) Gingival Index: Showed mild, moderate and severe gingivitis in 17%, 48% and 35% of patients, respectively. (4) Community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN): Showed gingivitis, mild periodontitis and moderate periodontitis in 50%, 23% and 27% of patients, respectively. (5)Gastric urease results: 87% of patients were positive. (6)All cultured samples results were negative CONCLUSION The ability to detect H. pylori in dental plaque samples offers a potential for a noninvasive test for gastric infection and would lend support for oral spread of H. pylori as the princi-pal mode of transmission. However, the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and in the stomach (in gastritis patients) could permit not only a target for therapeutic procedures but also a monitor-ing tool for the efficacy of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Nasser M. Al-Refai
- Dammam Central Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,Correspondence to:Dr. Abdel-Nasser M. Al-Refai, P.O. Box 4103, Dammam 31491, Saudi Arabia
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