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Yao Y, Zhao H, Sun L, Wu W, Li C, Wu Q. Genome-wide identification of MAPK gene family members in Fagopyrum tataricum and their expression during development and stress responses. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:96. [PMID: 35114949 PMCID: PMC8815160 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays essential roles in the development, hormone regulation and abiotic stress response of plants. Nevertheless, a comprehensive study on MAPK family members has thus far not been performed in Tartary buckwheat. RESULTS Here, we identified 16 FtMAPKs in the Fagopyrum tataricum genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the FtMAPK family members could be classified into Groups A, B, C and D, in which A, B and C members contain a Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) signature motif and Group D members contain a Thr-Asp-Tyr (TDY) signature motif. Promoter cis-acting elements showed that most ProFtMAPks contain light response elements, hormone response elements and abiotic stress response elements, and several ProFtMAPks have MYB-binding sites, which may be involved in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis-related enzyme gene expression. Synteny analysis indicated that FtMAPKs have a variety of biological functions. Protein interaction prediction suggested that MAPKs can interact with proteins involved in development and stress resistance. Correlation analysis further confirmed that most of the FtMAPK genes and transcription factors involved in the stress response have the same expression pattern. The transient transformation of FtMAPK1 significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes activity in Tartary buckwheat leaves. In addition, we also found that FtMAPK1 can respond to salt stress by up-regulating the transcription abundance of downstream genes. CONCLUSIONS A total of 16 MAPKs were identified in Tartary buckwheat, and the members of the MAPK family containing the TDY motif were found to have expanded. The same subfamily members have relatively conserved gene structures and similar protein motifs. Tissue-specific expression indicated that the expression of all FtMAPK genes varied widely in the roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Most FtMAPKs can regulate the expression of other transcription factors and participate in the abiotic stress response. Our findings comprehensively revealed the FtMAPK gene family and laid a theoretical foundation for the functional characterization of FtMAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China.
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Li C, Zhao H, Li M, Yao P, Li Q, Zhao X, Wang A, Chen H, Tang Z, Bu T, Wu Q. Validation of reference genes for gene expression studies in tartary buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) using quantitative real-time PCR. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6522. [PMID: 30834187 PMCID: PMC6396815 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction is a sensitive technique for quantifying gene expression levels. By implementing three distinct algorithms (geNorm, normFinder and BestKeeper), we have validated the stability of the expression of seven candidate reference genes in tartary buckwheat, including FtSAND, FtCACS, FtExpressed1, FtGAPDH, FtActin, FtEF-1a and FtH3. In this study, the results indicated that FtCACS and FtSAND were the best reference genes for 'abiotic cotyledons', FtExpressed1 and FtEF-1α were the best reference genes for aluminium treatment, FtCACS and FtExpressed1 performed the best for the immature seed stage, FtCACS was best for the abiotic treatment, and FtH3 appeared to be the most suitable reference gene for the abiotic treatment in hypocotyls and all samples in this study. In contrast, FtActin and FtGAPDH are unsuitable genes. Our findings offer additional stable reference genes for gene expression research on tartary buckwheat at the immature seed stage and under abiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Maofei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Panfeng Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuerong Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Anhu Wang
- Xichang College, Xichang, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Zizhong Tang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Tongliang Bu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
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Yao P, Sun Z, Li C, Zhao X, Li M, Deng R, Huang Y, Zhao H, Chen H, Wu Q. Overexpression of Fagopyrum tataricum FtbHLH2 enhances tolerance to cold stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:85-94. [PMID: 29427891 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
bHLH transcription factors play important roles in the abiotic stress response in plants, but their characteristics and functions in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), a traditional coarse cereal with a strong stress tolerance, haven't been sufficiently studied. Here, we found that the expression of a bHLH gene, FtbHLH2, was induced significantly by cold treatments in Tartary buckwheat seedlings. Subcellular localization indicated that FtbHLH2 localized in nucleus. Its overexpression in Arabidopsis increased tolerance to cold. The Arabidopsis plants overexpressing FtbHLH2 displayed higher root length and photosynthetic efficiency, and had lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) after cold treatment compared to wild type (WT) plants. Meanwhile, the expression levels of some stress-related genes in transgenic plants were remarkably higher than that in wild type under normal and/or stress conditions. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis lines with the FtbHLH2 promoter had higher GUS activity after cold stress. On the whole, the results suggest that FtbHLH2 may play a positive regulatory in cold stress of Tartary buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panfeng Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhaoxia Sun
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chenglei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuerong Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Maofei Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Renyu Deng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yunji Huang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan Province, China.
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