1
|
Padil, Putra MD, Hidayat M, Kasiamdari RS, Mutamima A, Iwamoto K, Darmawan MA, Gozan M. Mechanism and kinetic model of microalgal enzymatic hydrolysis for prospective bioethanol conversion. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21403-21413. [PMID: 37465575 PMCID: PMC10350658 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01556d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraselmis chuii is a potential microalgae that is in consideration for producing bioethanol owing to its large content of carbohydrates. The glucose production from T. chuii through an enzymatic process with cellulase and xylanase (pretreatment process) and α-amylase and glucoamylase (saccharification process) was studied. The mechanism of the enzymatic process was developed and the kinetic models were then evaluated. For the pretreatment process, enzymes with 30% concentration reacted at 30 °C for 40 min resulted in 35.9% glucose yield. For the saccharification process, the highest glucose yield of 90.03% was obtained using simultaneous α-amylase (0.0006%) and glucoamylase (0.01%) enzymes at 55 °C and for 40 min. The kinetic models fitted well with the experimental data. The model also revealed that the saccharification process performed better than the pretreatment process with a higher kinetic constant and lower activation energy. The proposed kinetic model plays an important role in implementing processes at a larger scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Padil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Riau University Pekanbaru 28293 Indonesia
| | - Meilana Dharma Putra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarbaru 70713 Indonesia
| | - Muslikhin Hidayat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta 55284 Indonesia
| | | | - Anisa Mutamima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Riau University Pekanbaru 28293 Indonesia
| | - Koji Iwamoto
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Technologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Arif Darmawan
- Research Center for Process and Manufacturing Industry Technology, Research Organization for Energy and Manufacture, National Research and Innovation Agency Jakarta Pusat 10340 Indonesia
| | - Misri Gozan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia
- Research Center for Biomass Valorization, University of Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mondal S, Mondal K, Halder SK, Thakur N, Mondal KC. Microbial Amylase: Old but still at the forefront of all major industrial enzymes. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
3
|
Bacillus velezensis Identification and Recombinant Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Its Alpha-Amylase. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amylases account for about 30% of the global market of industrial enzymes, and the current amylases cannot fully meet industrial needs. This study aimed to identify a high α-amylase producing bacterium WangLB, to clone its α-amylase coding gene, and to characterize the α-amylase. Results showed that WangLB belonged to Bacillus velezensis whose α-amylase gene was 1980 bp coding 659 amino acids designated as BvAmylase. BvAmylase was a hydrophilic stable protein with a signal peptide and a theoretical pI of 5.49. The relative molecular weight of BvAmylase was 72.35 kDa, and was verified by SDS-PAGE. Its modeled structure displayed that it was a monomer composed of three domains. Its optimum temperature and pH were 70 °C and pH 6.0, respectively. It also showed high activity in a wide range of temperatures (40–75 °C) and a relatively narrow pH (5.0–7.0). It was a Ca2+-independent enzyme, whose α-amylase activity was increased by Co2+, Tween 20, and Triton X-100, and severely decreased by SDS. The Km and the Vmax of BvAmylase were 3.43 ± 0.53 and 434.19 ± 28.57 U/mg. In conclusion, the α-amylase producing bacterium WangLB was identified, and one of its α-amylases was characterized, which will be a candidate enzyme for industrial applications.
Collapse
|
4
|
Regulation of β-amylase synthesis: a brief overview. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6503-6511. [PMID: 34379288 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06613-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major activity of β-amylase (BMY) is the production of maltose by the hydrolytic degradation of starch. BMY is found to be produced by some plants and few microorganisms only. The industrial importance of the enzyme warrants its application in a larger scale with the help of genetic engineering, for which the regulatory mechanism is to be clearly understood. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In plants, the activities of BMY are regulated by various environmental stimuli including stress of drought, cold and heat. In vascular plant, Arabidopsis sp. the enzyme is coded by nine BAM genes, whereas in most bacteria, BMY enzymes are coded by the spoII gene family. The activities of these genes are in turn controlled by various compounds. Production and inhibition of the microbial BMY is regulated by the activation and inactivation of various BAM genes. Various types of transcriptional regulators associated with the plant- BMYs regulate the production of BMY enzyme. The enhancement in the expression of such genes reflects evolutionary significance. Bacterial genes, on the other hand, as exemplified by Bacillus sp and Clostridium sp, clearly depict the importance of a single regulatory gene, the absence or mutation of which totally abolishes the BMY activity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu C, Fan L, Zhang PF, Tao WW, Yang CB, Shang EX, Chen FY, Che CT, Cheng HB, Duan JA, Zhao M. A novel P38α MAPK activator Bruceine A exhibits potent anti-pancreatic cancer activity. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3437-3450. [PMID: 34194669 PMCID: PMC8220105 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bruceine A displays potent anti-pancreatic cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Phosphoproteomic analyses identify bruceine A induces phosphorylation of p38α MAPK. Octet system and microscale thermophoresis reveal p38α MAPK has high affinity for bruceine A. Molecular simulations illustrate determinants of bruceine A binding with p38α MAPK.
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the cancers with the poorest prognosis bearing an overall 5-year survival rate of about 5%. Efficient new chemotherapic drugs are still highly desired. Here, bruceine A, a quassinoid identified from the dried fruits of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr., displayed the most potent anti-proliferation activity against pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Phosphoproteomic analysis revealed p38α MAPK phosphorylation was involved in bruceine A’s action in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Utilizing fortebio octet system and microscale thermophoresis, we found p38α MAPK had high affinity for bruceine A. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations showed that bruceine A widely bound to residues (Leu171, Ala172, Met179, Thr180, Val183) in P-loop of p38α MAPK. Key determinants of bruceine A binding with P-loop of p38α MAPK were 19-C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>O, 22-CH3, 32-CH3, and 34-CH3. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that bruceine A binds directly to p38α MAPK, which can be used to probe the role of p38α MAPK phosphorylation in pancreatic cancer progression, and as a novel lead compound for pancreatic cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Fan
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei-Wei Tao
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fei-Yan Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hai-Bo Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|