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Araújo VE, Ribeiro GC, De Amorim KP, Andrade LS. Cloud point method applied to the extraction and preconcentration of thiabendazole pesticide from whole grape juice samples and amperometric detection by HPLC. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4827-4834. [PMID: 38967314 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00850b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
A cloud point method was developed and applied for the first time to extract and preconcentrate thiabendazole (TBZ) from commercial whole grape juice samples, with determination by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection (HPLC/EC), using a cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode (BDD). The best conditions for extraction and preconcentration of TBZ by cloud point extraction (CPE) were performed at pH 6.0, by adding 1 mL of the surfactant Tergitol TMN-6 at 10% (mass-to-mass ratio), without heating (at 27 °C) and ultrasonic stirring time of (20 kHz) for 60 min. The HPLC/EC determination was duly validated in a C8 column, in mobile phase with a 69 : 31 ratio (V/V) of phosphate buffer (pH 7.0):ACN, at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1 and electrochemical detection with BDD electrode by applying 1.40 V × Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L-1). Under these conditions, the procedure showed a preconcentration factor (FC) of 21.7, and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 6.64 × 10-9 mol L-1 (or 1.33 μg L-1) and 1.66 × 10-8 mol L-1 (or 3.34 μg L-1), respectively. The method provided a percent recovery of 81% to 98%, with a coefficient of variation between 3% and 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius E Araújo
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Catalão, 75704-020 Catalão, GO, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela C Ribeiro
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Catalão, 75704-020 Catalão, GO, Brazil.
| | - Kamila P De Amorim
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Catalão, 75704-020 Catalão, GO, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo S Andrade
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Catalão, 75704-020 Catalão, GO, Brazil.
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2
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Abdullah NS, Hassan MA, Hassan RO. A Novel Flow Injection Method with Chemiluminescence Detection for the Determination of Carmoisine in Gelatin Desserts. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03777-8. [PMID: 38780834 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Carmoisine dye, a red azo food colorant commonly utilized to impart a red color to synthetic food products, is the subject of this study. Here, we present a novel reversed flow injection analysis with a chemiluminescence detection (FIA-CL) method employing a newly developed homemade flow cell to determine carmoisine dye. This developed method is based on the inhibition effect of the dye on the chemiluminescence light (CL) emission generated from a luminal-hypochlorite system, whereby the reduction in CL intensity correlates directly with the concentration of carmoisine dye. Investigations into various analytical parameters were conducted to enhance method efficiency and applicability. A linear calibration graph of 4.0 to 100.0 µg mL-1 was established (R² = 0.9993), with a detection limit of LOD = 2.93 µg mL-1. Subsequent application of the proposed method to analyze gelatine dessert samples yielded results in reasonable agreement with those obtained using the reported HPLC method, as evidenced by student t-test and F-test analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin S Abdullah
- Chemistry Department- Science College, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Media A Hassan
- Chemistry Department- Science College, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rebwar O Hassan
- Chemistry Department- Science College, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
- Department of Radiological Imaging Technology, College of Health Technology Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
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3
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Ozalp O, Soylak M. Microextraction Methods for the Separation-Preconcentration and Determination of Food Dyes: A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2023.2175212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Ozalp
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Sultana S, Rahman MM, Aovi FI, Jahan FI, Hossain MS, Brishti SA, Yamin M, Ahmed M, Rauf A, Sharma R. Food Color Additives in Hazardous Consequences of Human Health: An Overview. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:1380-1393. [PMID: 36650651 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230117122433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Food color additives are used to make food more appetizing. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permitted nine artificial colorings in foods, drugs, and cosmetics, whereas the European Union (EU) approved five artificial colors (E-104, 122, 124, 131, and 142) for food. However, these synthetic coloring materials raise various health hazards. The present review aimed to summarize the toxic effects of these coloring food additives on the brain, liver, kidney, lungs, urinary bladder, and thyroid gland. In this respect, we aimed to highlight the scientific evidence and the crucial need to assess potential health hazards of all colors used in food on human and nonhuman biota for better scrutiny. Blue 1 causes kidney tumor in mice, and there is evidence of death due to ingestion through a feeding tube. Blue 2 and Citrus Red 2 cause brain and urinary bladder tumors, respectively, whereas other coloring additives may cause different types of cancers and numerous adverse health effects. In light of this, this review focuses on the different possible adverse health effects caused by these food coloring additives, and possible ways to mitigate or avoid the damage they may cause. We hope that the data collected from in vitro or in vivo studies and from clinical investigations related to the possible health hazards of food color additives will be helpful to both researchers and the food industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Islam Aovi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Israt Jahan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sakhawat Hossain
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Yamin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Development and Factorial Experimental Design Optimization of Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Based Microextraction of Carmoisine (E122) in Candy and Water Samples. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2158194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Erbas Z, Soylak M. Determination of Rhodamine B by UV–Vis spectrophotometry in cosmetics after microextraction by using heat-induced homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction method. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Soylak M, Ahmed HEH, Uzcan F. Determination of Sudan III in Food by Supramolecular Microextraction and Spectrophotometry. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2112047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Soylak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hassan Elzain Hassan Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Sudan Atomic Energy Commission, Chemistry and Nuclear Physics Institute, Khartoum, Sudan
- Chemistry Section, College of Science-Scientific Laboratories Department, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Furkan Uzcan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Karimi F, Demir E, Aydogdu N, Shojaei M, Taher MA, Asrami PN, Alizadeh M, Ghasemi Y, Cheraghi S. Advancement in electrochemical strategies for quantification of Brown HT and Carmoisine (Acid Red 14) Drom Azo Dyestuff class. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 165:113075. [PMID: 35487338 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Brown HT and carmoisine, which are the most used dyestuffs in pharmaceuticals, textiles, cosmetics and foods, are important components of the Azo family. Although the Azo group is not toxic or carcinogenic under normal conditions, these dyestuffs require great care due to the reduction of the Azo functional group to amines. In particular, fast, reliable, easy, on-site and precise determinations of these substances are extremely necessary and important. In this review, the properties, applications, and electrochemical determinations of brown HT and carmoisine, which are used as synthetic food colorants, are discussed in detail. Up to now, sensor types, detection limits (LOD and LOQ), and analytical applications in the developed electrochemical strategies for both substances were compared. In addition, the validation parameters such as the variety of the sensors, sensitivity, selectivity and electrochemical technique in these studies were clarified one by one. While the electrochemical techniques recommended for brown HT were mostly used for the removal of dyestuff, for carmoisine they included fully quantitative centered studies. The percentiles of voltammetric techniques, which are the most widely used among these electroanalytical methods, were determined. The benefits of a robust electrochemical strategy for the determination of both food colors are summed up in this review. Finally, the brown HT and carmoisine suggestions for future perspectives in electrochemical strategy are given according to all their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quhchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Ersin Demir
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Nida Aydogdu
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Moein Shojaei
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad A Taher
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Marzieh Alizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Somaye Cheraghi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.
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Ozalp O, Kaya O, Soylak M. Cloud Point Microextraction of Sudan IV from Food and Cosmetics with Determination by Spectrophotometry. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2047998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Ozalp
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kaya
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
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Sarvestani MRJ, Doroudi Z. A Comprehensive Review on Electroanalytical Methodologies for the Determination of Carmoisine (E122). FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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RODRIGUES PDS, RIOS ADO, CLADERA-OLIVERA F. Estimation of theoretical intake of synthetic food colours Azorubine, Erythrosine, Indigotine, and Ponceau 4R by the Brazilian population. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.17821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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12
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Nguyen NVT, Nguyen KNH, Dam KTT, Vo HT, Nguyen KAT, Kim KH. Simultaneous determination of 11 water-soluble dyes in food products and beverages by high performance liquid chromatography. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.28.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A simple and inexpensive liquid chromatography diode array detector (LC-DAD) procedure has been developed to analyse food dyes in beverages, candies, jams, salted fish, Chinese sausage, and cake. A reverse stationary phase provided sufficient selectivity and chromatographic performance for the separation of 11 water-soluble dyes (tartrazine, amaranth, indigo carmine, ponceau 4R, sunset yellow, allura red, carmoisine, fast green FCF (Food green 3), brilliant blue, quinoline yellow, and indocyanine green). The samples were extracted with 1% ammonium solutions and acetonitrile, purified, and concentrated using a C18 solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge for beverages, and weak anion exchange SPE cartridge for solid samples. They were determined using a reverse-phase C18 column with gradient elution of 0.2% ammonium acetate buffer, and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Multiple-specific wavelengths were used to monitor the dyes in the visible range to provide higher sensitivity and an expanded scope for a large number of analytes. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the dyes were in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 and 0.5 - 1.0 µg/mL, respectively. The precision of the method ranged from 2.71 to 6.31%, while recovery ranged from 90.8 to 105.6%. The validated method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of 11 water-soluble dyes in 36 commercial products obtained from the local supermarket. Application to the analysis of beverages and food samples available to consumers proved that the described methods are suitable for the routine analysis of dyes in food products containing a broad range of dyes.
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Chebotarev AN, Pliuta KV, Snigur DV. Determination of Carmoisine onto Carbon‐Paste Electrode Modified by Silica Impregnated with Cetylpyridinium Chloride. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Chebotarev
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological ChemistryOdessa I.I. Mechnikov National University Odessa 65082 Ukraine E-mail: alex
| | - Konstantin V. Pliuta
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological ChemistryOdessa I.I. Mechnikov National University Odessa 65082 Ukraine E-mail: alex
| | - Denys V. Snigur
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological ChemistryOdessa I.I. Mechnikov National University Odessa 65082 Ukraine E-mail: alex
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A novel ultrasonication-assisted deep eutectic solvent microextraction procedure for tartrazine at trace levels from environmental samples. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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