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Eltabey SM, Ibrahim AH, Zaky MM, Ibrahim AE, Alrashdi YBA, El Deeb S, Saleh MM. The Promising Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Paracetamol as Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Virulence Agents against Resistant Escherichia coli. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6805-6819. [PMID: 39057048 PMCID: PMC11276426 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a major cause of serious infections, with antibiotic resistance rendering many treatments ineffective. Hence, novel strategies to combat this pathogen are needed. Anti-virulence therapy is a promising new approach for the subsequent era. Recent research has examined the impact of sub-inhibitory doses of ascorbic acid and paracetamol on Escherichia coli virulence factors. This study evaluated biofilm formation, protease production, motility behavior, serum resistance, expression of virulence-regulating genes (using RT-PCR), and survival rates in a mouse model. Ascorbic acid significantly reduced biofilm formation, protease production, motility, and serum resistance from 100% in untreated isolates to 22-89%, 10-89%, 2-57%, and 31-35% in treated isolates, respectively. Paracetamol also reduced these factors from 100% in untreated isolates to 16-76%, 1-43%, 16-38%, and 31-35%, respectively. Both drugs significantly down-regulated virulence-regulating genes papC, fimH, ompT_m, stcE, fliC, and kpsMTII. Mice treated with these drugs had a 100% survival rate compared with 60% in the positive control group control inoculated with untreated bacteria. This study highlights the potential of ascorbic acid and paracetamol as anti-virulence agents, suggesting their use as adjunct therapies alongside conventional antimicrobials or as alternative treatments for resistant Escherichia coli infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Eltabey
- Microbiology Program, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt;
| | - Ali H. Ibrahim
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt; (A.H.I.); (M.M.Z.)
| | - Mahmoud M. Zaky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt; (A.H.I.); (M.M.Z.)
| | - Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman;
| | | | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Moustafa M. Saleh
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt;
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Sun S, Sun Y, Geng J, Geng L, Meng F, Wang Q, Qi H. Machine learning reveals the selection pressure exerted by nonantibiotic pharmaceuticals at environmentally relevant concentrations on antibiotic resistance genotypes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 357:120829. [PMID: 38579474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The emergence and increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance pose a global public risk for human health, and nonantimicrobial pharmaceuticals play an important role in this process. Herein, five nonantimicrobial pharmaceuticals, including acetaminophen (ACT), clofibric acid (CA), carbamazepine (CBZ), caffeine (CF) and nicotine (NCT), tetracycline-resistant strains, five ARGs (sul1, sul2, tetG, tetM and tetW) and one integrase gene (intI1), were detected in 101 wastewater samples during two typical sewage treatment processes including anaerobic-oxic (A/O) and biological aerated filter (BAF) in Harbin, China. The impact of nonantibiotic pharmaceuticals at environmentally relevant concentrations on both the resistance genotypes and resistance phenotypes were explored. The results showed that a significant impact of nonantibiotic pharmaceuticals at environmentally relevant concentrations on tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins (RPPs) was found, while no changes in antibiotic phenotypes, such as minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), were observed. Machine learning was applied to further sort out the contribution of nonantibiotic pharmaceuticals at environmentally relevant concentrations to different ARG subtypes. The highest contribution and correlation were found at concentrations of 1400-1800 ng/L for NCT, 900-1500 ng/L for ACT and 7000-10,000 ng/L for CF for tetracycline resistance genes encoding RPPs, while no significant correlation was found between the target compounds and ARGs when their concentrations were lower than 500 ng/L for NCT, 100 ng/L for ACT and 1000 ng/L for CF, which were higher than the concentrations detected in effluent samples. Therefore, the removal of nonantibiotic pharmaceuticals in WWTPs can reduce their selection pressure for resistance genes in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojing Sun
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Cause and Impact, Hebei Engineering Research Center of Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Cause and Impact, Hebei Engineering Research Center of Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Jialu Geng
- Ecological Environmental Monitoring Centre of Hinggan League, Hinggan League, 137400, China
| | - Linlin Geng
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Cause and Impact, Hebei Engineering Research Center of Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Fan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qing Wang
- College of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Cause and Impact, Hebei Engineering Research Center of Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Hong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Gomez F, Veita J, Laudanski K. Antibiotics and ECMO in the Adult Population—Persistent Challenges and Practical Guides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030338. [PMID: 35326801 PMCID: PMC8944696 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an emerging treatment modality associated with a high frequency of antibiotic use. However, several covariables emerge during ECMO implementation, potentially jeopardizing the success of antimicrobial therapy. These variables include but are not limited to: the increased volume of distribution, altered clearance, and adsorption into circuit components, in addition to complex interactions of antibiotics in critical care illness. Furthermore, ECMO complicates the assessment of antibiotic effectiveness as fever, or other signs may not be easily detected, the immunogenicity of the circuit affects procalcitonin levels and other inflammatory markers while disrupting the immune system. We provided a review of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during ECMO, emphasizing practical application and review of patient-, illness-, and ECMO hardware-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gomez
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65021, USA;
| | - Jesyree Veita
- Society for Healthcare Innovation, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA;
| | - Krzysztof Laudanski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute for HealthCare Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-6628200
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