1
|
Shayya NW, Bandick R, Busmann LV, Mousavi S, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Metabolomic signatures of intestinal colonization resistance against Campylobacter jejuni in mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1331114. [PMID: 38164399 PMCID: PMC10757985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1331114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Campylobacter jejuni stands out as one of the leading causes of bacterial enteritis. In contrast to humans, specific pathogen-free (SPF) laboratory mice display strict intestinal colonization resistance (CR) against C. jejuni, orchestrated by the specific murine intestinal microbiota, as shown by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) earlier. Methods Murine infection models, comprising SPF, SAB, hma, and mma mice were employed. FMT and microbiota depletion were confirmed by culture and culture-independent analyses. Targeted metabolome analyses of fecal samples provided insights into the associated metabolomic signatures. Results In comparison to hma mice, the murine intestinal microbiota of mma and SPF mice (with CR against C. jejuni) contained significantly elevated numbers of lactobacilli, and Mouse Intestinal Bacteroides, whereas numbers of enterobacteria, enterococci, and Clostridium coccoides group were reduced. Targeted metabolome analysis revealed that fecal samples from mice with CR contained increased levels of secondary bile acids and fatty acids with known antimicrobial activities, but reduced concentrations of amino acids essential for C. jejuni growth as compared to control animals without CR. Discussion The findings highlight the role of microbiota-mediated nutrient competition and antibacterial activities of intestinal metabolites in driving murine CR against C. jejuni. The study underscores the complex dynamics of host-microbiota-pathogen interactions and sets the stage for further investigations into the mechanisms driving CR against enteric infections.
Collapse
|
2
|
Pang J, Looft T, Zhang Q, Sahin O. Deciphering the Association between Campylobacter Colonization and Microbiota Composition in the Intestine of Commercial Broilers. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1724. [PMID: 37512896 PMCID: PMC10386351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major food safety concern and is transmitted mainly via poultry meat. We previously found that some commercial broiler farms consistently produced Campylobacter-negative flocks while others were consistently Campylobacter-positive for consecutive production cycles although the farms operated under similar management practices. We hypothesized that this difference in Campylobacter colonization might be associated with the gut microbiota composition. To address this, six commercial broiler farms were selected based on their Campylobacter status (three negative and three positive) to evaluate the microbiota differences between each farm category. For each farm on each production cycle (2-3 cycles), 40 ceca collected from five-week-old broilers were processed for microbiota analysis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Cecal microbiota species richness, phylogenetic diversity, community structure, and composition of Campylobacter-positive farms were noticeably different from those of Campylobacter-negative farms. Rikenella, Methanocorpusculum, Barnesiella, Parasutterella, and Helicobacter were significantly more abundant among Campylobacter-positive farms. In contrast, Ruminococcaceae, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Eggerthellaceae, Lactobacillus, Monoglobus, and Blausia were more abundant in Campylobacter-negative farms. Eggerthellaceae, Clostridia, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, Monoglobus, and Parabacteroides were significantly negatively correlated with Campylobacter abundance. These findings suggest that specific members of cecal microbiota may influence Campylobacter colonization in commercial broilers and may be further explored to control Campylobacter in poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinji Pang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Torey Looft
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Qijing Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Orhan Sahin
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Al Hakeem WG, Fathima S, Shanmugasundaram R, Selvaraj RK. Campylobacter jejuni in Poultry: Pathogenesis and Control Strategies. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2134. [PMID: 36363726 PMCID: PMC9697106 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
C. jejuni is the leading cause of human foodborne illness associated with poultry, beef, and pork consumption. C. jejuni is highly prevalent in commercial poultry farms, where horizontal transmission from the environment is considered to be the primary source of C. jejuni. As an enteric pathogen, C. jejuni expresses virulence factors regulated by a two-component system that mediates C. jejuni's ability to survive in the host. C. jejuni survives and reproduces in the avian intestinal mucus. The avian intestinal mucus is highly sulfated and sialylated compared with the human mucus modulating C. jejuni pathogenicity into a near commensal bacteria in poultry. Birds are usually infected from two to four weeks of age and remain colonized until they reach market age. A small dose of C. jejuni (around 35 CFU/mL) is sufficient for successful bird colonization. In the U.S., where chickens are raised under antibiotic-free environments, additional strategies are required to reduce C. jejuni prevalence on broilers farms. Strict biosecurity measures can decrease C. jejuni prevalence by more than 50% in broilers at market age. Vaccination and probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, organic acids, bacteriophages, bacteriocins, and quorum sensing inhibitors supplementation can improve gut health and competitively exclude C. jejuni load in broilers. Most of the mentioned strategies showed promising results; however, they are not fully implemented in poultry production. Current knowledge on C. jejuni's morphology, source of transmission, pathogenesis in poultry, and available preharvest strategies to decrease C. jejuni colonization in broilers are addressed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahna Fathima
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Revathi Shanmugasundaram
- Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, US National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Ramesh K. Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharma NK, Wu SB, Morgan NK, Crowley TM. Artificial gut and the applications in poultry: A review. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 10:156-166. [PMID: 35757559 PMCID: PMC9184286 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Artificial gut models including both the gastric and intestinal phases have been used in poultry research for decades to predict the digestibility of nutrients, the efficacy of feed enzymes and additives, and caecal fermentation. However, the models used in the past are static and cannot be used to predict interactions between the feed, gut environment and microbiome. It is imperative that a standard artificial gut model for poultry is established, to enable these interactions to be examined without continual reliance on animals. To ensure the validity of an artificial model, it should be validated with in vivo studies. This review describes current practices in the use of artificial guts in research, their importance in poultry nutrition studies and highlights an opportunity to develop a dynamic gut model for poultry to reduce the number of in vivo experiments.
Collapse
|
5
|
Śmiałek M, Kowalczyk J, Koncicki A. The Use of Probiotics in the Reduction of Campylobacter spp. Prevalence in Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1355. [PMID: 34068764 PMCID: PMC8150830 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. are widely distributed microorganisms, many of which are commensals of gastrointestinal tract in multiple animal species, including poultry. Most commonly detected are C. jejuni and C. coli. Although infections are usually asymptomatic in poultry, poultry meat and products represent main sources of infection with these bacteria to humans. According to recent EFSA report, campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported zoonotic disease. In 2018, EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards indicated that use of feed and water additives is the second most likely strategy that can be successful in minimizing Campylobacter spp. colonization rate in broiler chickens. One of those feed and water additives are probiotics. From numerous research papers it can be concluded that probiotics exhibit plenty of mechanisms of anti-Campylobacter activity, which were evaluated under in vitro conditions. These results, to some extent, can explain the efficacy of probiotics in in vivo studies, although different outcome can be observed under these two laboratory conditions. Probiotics are capable of reducing Campylobacter spp. population count in poultry gastrointestinal tract and they can reduce carcass contamination. Potential modes of anti-Campylobacter activity of probiotics, results of in vivo studies and studies performed at a farm level are widely discussed in the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Śmiałek
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.K.); (A.K.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng W, Dittoe DK, Pavilidis HO, Chaney WE, Yang Y, Ricke SC. Current Perspectives and Potential of Probiotics to Limit Foodborne Campylobacter in Poultry. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:583429. [PMID: 33414767 PMCID: PMC7782433 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.583429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry has been one of the major contributors of Campylobacter related human foodborne illness. Numerous interventions have been applied to limit Campylobacter colonization in poultry at the farm level, but other strategies are under investigation to achieve more efficient control. Probiotics are viable microbial cultures that can establish in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of the host animal and elicit health and nutrition benefits. In addition, the early establishment of probiotics in the GIT can serve as a barrier to foodborne pathogen colonization. Thus, probiotics are a potential feed additive for reducing and eliminating the colonization of Campylobacter in the GIT of poultry. Screening probiotic candidates is laborious and time-consuming, requiring several tests and validations both in vitro and in vivo. The selected probiotic candidate should possess the desired physiological characteristics and anti-Campylobacter effects. Probiotics that limit Campylobacter colonization in the GIT rely on different mechanistic strategies such as competitive exclusion, antagonism, and immunomodulation. Although numerous research efforts have been made, the application of Campylobacter limiting probiotics used in poultry remains somewhat elusive. This review summarizes current research progress on identifying and developing probiotics against Campylobacter and presenting possible directions for future research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Deng
- Center of Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Dana K. Dittoe
- Center of Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | | | | | - Yichao Yang
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Steven C. Ricke
- Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duquenoy A, Ania M, Boucher N, Reynier F, Boucinha L, Andreoni C, Thomas V. Caecal microbiota compositions from 7-day-old chicks reared in high-performance and low-performance industrial farms and systematic culturomics to select strains with anti-Campylobacter activity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237541. [PMID: 32834007 PMCID: PMC7446796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in exploring the chickens' intestinal microbiota and understanding its interactions with the host. The objective is to optimize this parameter in order to increase the productivity of farm animals. With the goal to isolate candidate probiotic strains, specific culturomic methods were used in our study to culture commensal bacteria from 7-days old chicks raised in two farms presenting long history of high performance. A total of 347 isolates were cultured, corresponding to at least 64 species. Among the isolates affiliated to the Firmicutes, 26 had less than 97% identity of their partial 16S sequence with that of the closest described species, while one presented less than 93% identity, thus revealing a significant potential for new species in this ecosystem. In parallel, and in order to better understand the differences between the microbiota of high-performing and low-performing animals, caecal contents of animals collected from these two farms and from a third farm with long history of low performance were collected and sequenced. This compositional analysis revealed an enrichment of Faecalibacterium-and Campylobacter-related sequences in lower-performing animals whereas there was a higher abundance of enterobacteria-related sequences in high-performing animals. We then investigated antibiosis activity against C. jejuni ATCC 700819 and C. jejuni field isolate as a first phenotypic trait to select probiotic candidates. Antibiosis was found to be limited to a few strains, including several lactic acid bacteria, a strain of Bacillus horneckiae and a strain of Escherichia coli. The antagonist activity depended on test conditions that mimicked the evolution of the intestinal environment of the chicken during its lifetime, i.e. temperature (37°C or 42°C) and oxygen levels (aerobic or anaerobic conditions). This should be taken into account according to the stage of development of the animal at which administration of the active strain is envisaged.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren H, Saliu EM, Zentek J, Goodarzi Boroojeni F, Vahjen W. Screening of Host Specific Lactic Acid Bacteria Active Against Escherichia coli From Massive Sample Pools With a Combination of in vitro and ex vivo Methods. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2705. [PMID: 31824469 PMCID: PMC6882376 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel three-step combination of in vitro and ex vivo screening was established to massively screen host derived lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the broiler chicken intestine with inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli. In a first step, a massive sample pool consisting of 7102 broiler-derived colonies from intestinal contents were established and sub-cultured. Supernatants thereof were incubated with an E. coli model strain to screen suitable isolates with inhibitory activity. A total of 76 isolates of interest were subsequently further studied based on either pH dependent or -independent activity in the second step of the assay. Here, in-depth growth inhibition of the E. coli model strain and the potential of isolates for lactic acid production as inhibitory substance were indexed for all isolates. Resulting scatter plots of both parameters revealed five isolates with exceptional inhibitory activity that were further studied under ex vivo condition in the third step of the assay. These isolates were taxonomically classified as strains of the species Lactobacillus agilis, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Pediococcus acidilactici. Samples from the broiler chicken intestine were inoculated with the Lactobacillus isolates and the E. coli model strain. After 8 and 24 h incubation, respectively, growth of the E. coli model strain was monitored by cultivation of the E. coli strain in antibiotic supplemented medium. By their superior inhibitory activity against the E. coli model strain, one L. agilis and one L. salivarius strain were selected and characterized for further application as probiotics in broiler chicken. Additionally, their antibiotic resistance patterns and resilience under gastric stress of isolates were also characterized. The results of this study demonstrate that the novel isolation procedure was able to efficiently and rapidly isolate and identify bacterial strains from a massive sample pool with inhibitory potential against specific types of bacteria (here E. coli). The introduction of the final ex vivo selection step additionally confirmed the inhibitory activity of the strains under conditions simulating the intestinal tract of the host. Furthermore, this method revealed a general potential for the isolation of antagonistic strains that active against other pathogenic bacteria with specific biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Saliu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zentek
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Wilfried Vahjen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Synergistic Effects of Probiotics and Phytobiotics on the Intestinal Microbiota in Young Broiler Chicken. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120684. [PMID: 31835884 PMCID: PMC6956037 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics and phytobiotics have been studied as in-feed antibiotic alternatives for decades, yet there are no studies on their possible symbiotic effects. In the present study, newly hatched chickens were fed with feeds supplemented either with host-specific Lactobacillus strains (L. agilis and L. salivarius), commercial phytobiotics, or combinations of both. After 13 days of life, crops and caecums were analyzed for bacterial composition (16S rDNA sequencing, qPCR) and activity (bacterial metabolites). Crop and caecum samples were also used to study the ex vivo survival of a broiler-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli strain. In the crop, combinations of probiotics and phytobiotics, but not their single application, increased the dominance of lactobacilli. The single application of phytobiotics reduced the metabolite concentrations in the crop, but certain combinations synergistically upregulated the metabolites. Changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the caecal microbiota were less pronounced than in the crop. Acetate concentrations were significantly lower for phytobiotics or the L. agilis probiotic strain compared to the control group, but the L. salivarius probiotic showed significantly higher acetate concentrations alone or in combination with one phytobiotic. The synergistic effects on the reduction of the ex vivo survival of an ESBL producing E. coli strain in crop or caecum contents were also observed for most combinations. This study shows the beneficial synergistic effects of probiotics and phytobiotics on the intestinal bacterial composition and their metabolic activity in young broilers. The reduced survival of potentially problematic bacteria, such as ESBL-producing E. coli further indicates that combinations of probiotics and phytobiotics may lead to a more enhanced functionality than their individual supplementation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Garner TWJ, Schmidt BR, Martel A, Pasmans F, Muths E, Cunningham AA, Weldon C, Fisher MC, Bosch J. Mitigating amphibian chytridiomycoses in nature. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2016.0207. [PMID: 28080996 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibians across the planet face the threat of population decline and extirpation caused by the disease chytridiomycosis. Despite consensus that the fungal pathogens responsible for the disease are conservation issues, strategies to mitigate their impacts in the natural world are, at best, nascent. Reducing risk associated with the movement of amphibians, non-amphibian vectors and other sources of infection remains the first line of defence and a primary objective when mitigating the threat of disease in wildlife. Amphibian-associated chytridiomycete fungi and chytridiomycosis are already widespread, though, and we therefore focus on discussing options for mitigating the threats once disease emergence has occurred in wild amphibian populations. All strategies have shortcomings that need to be overcome before implementation, including stronger efforts towards understanding and addressing ethical and legal considerations. Even if these issues can be dealt with, all currently available approaches, or those under discussion, are unlikely to yield the desired conservation outcome of disease mitigation. The decision process for establishing mitigation strategies requires integrated thinking that assesses disease mitigation options critically and embeds them within more comprehensive strategies for the conservation of amphibian populations, communities and ecosystems.This article is part of the themed issue 'Tackling emerging fungal threats to animal health, food security and ecosystem resilience'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trenton W J Garner
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, NW1 4RY London, UK .,Unit for Environmental Research and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Benedikt R Schmidt
- Karch, Passage Maximilien-de-Meuron 6, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - An Martel
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Erin Muths
- U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Fort Collins, 2150 Centre Avenue Building C, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Andrew A Cunningham
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regents Park, NW1 4RY London, UK
| | - Che Weldon
- Unit for Environmental Research and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Matthew C Fisher
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jaime Bosch
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hossain MI, Sadekuzzaman M, Ha SD. Probiotics as potential alternative biocontrol agents in the agriculture and food industries: A review. Food Res Int 2017; 100:63-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
Kobierecka PA, Wyszyńska AK, Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk T, Kuczkowski M, Tuzimek A, Piotrowska W, Górecki A, Adamska I, Wieliczko A, Bardowski J, Jagusztyn-Krynicka EK. In vitro characteristics of Lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from the chicken digestive tract and their role in the inhibition of Campylobacter colonization. Microbiologyopen 2017; 6. [PMID: 28736979 PMCID: PMC5635155 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni/coli infections are the leading cause of bacterial diarrheal illnesses in humans. Many epidemiological studies indicate that improperly prepared meat from chickens that carry a high load of Campylobacter in their intestinal tracts is the key source of human infections. LAB, mainly members of the Lactococcus and Lactobacillus genera, increasingly have been tested as vehicles for the delivery of heterologous bacterial or viral antigens to animal mucosal immune systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and characterize Lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from chickens bred in Poland. Their ability to decrease the level of bird gut colonization by C. jejuni strain was also analyzed. First, the influence of the different chicken rearing systems was evaluated, especially the effect of diets on the Lactobacillus species that colonize the gut of chickens. Next, selected strains were analyzed in terms of their anti‐Campylobacter activity in vitro; potential probiotic traits such as adhesion properties, bile and low pH tolerance; and their ability to grow on a defined carbon source. Given that improperly prepared chicken meat is the main source of human infection by Campylobacter, the selected strains were also assessed for their ability to inhibit Campylobacter colonization in the bird's intestine. These experiments revealed enormous physiological diversity among the Lactobacillus genus strains. Altogether, our results showed that L. plantarum strains isolated from the digestive tracts of chickens bred in Poland displayed some probiotic attributes in vitro and were able to decrease the level of bird gut colonization by C. jejuni strain. This suggests that they can be employed as vectors to deliver Campylobacter immunodominant proteins to the bird's immune system to strengthen the efficacy of in ovo vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja A Kobierecka
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka K Wyszyńska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Kuczkowski
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Epizootiology and the Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Tuzimek
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioletta Piotrowska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Górecki
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Adamska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alina Wieliczko
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Epizootiology and the Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Bardowski
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta K Jagusztyn-Krynicka
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Duar RM, Lin XB, Zheng J, Martino ME, Grenier T, Pérez-Muñoz ME, Leulier F, Gänzle M, Walter J. Lifestyles in transition: evolution and natural history of the genus Lactobacillus. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2017; 41:S27-S48. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
14
|
Saint-Cyr MJ, Guyard-Nicodème M, Messaoudi S, Chemaly M, Cappelier JM, Dousset X, Haddad N. Recent Advances in Screening of Anti-Campylobacter Activity in Probiotics for Use in Poultry. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:553. [PMID: 27303366 PMCID: PMC4885830 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacter species involved in this infection usually include the thermotolerant species Campylobacter jejuni. The major reservoir for C. jejuni leading to human infections is commercial broiler chickens. Poultry flocks are frequently colonized by C. jejuni without any apparent symptoms. Risk assessment analyses have identified the handling and consumption of poultry meat as one of the most important sources of human campylobacteriosis, so elimination of Campylobacter in the poultry reservoir is a crucial step in the control of this foodborne infection. To date, the use of probiotics has demonstrated promising results to reduce Campylobacter colonization. This review provides recent insights into methods used for probiotic screening to reduce the prevalence and colonization of Campylobacter at the farm level. Different eukaryotic epithelial cell lines are employed to screen probiotics with an anti-Campylobacter activity and yield useful information about the inhibition mechanism involved. These in vitro virulence models involve only human intestinal or cervical cell lines whereas the use of avian cell lines could be a preliminary step to investigate mechanisms of C. jejuni colonization in poultry in the presence of probiotics. In addition, in vivo trials to evaluate the effect of probiotics on Campylobacter colonization are conducted, taking into account the complexity introduced by the host, the feed, and the microbiota. However, the heterogeneity of the protocols used and the short time duration of the experiments lead to results that are difficult to compare and draw conclusions at the slaughter-age of broilers. Nevertheless, the combined approach using complementary in vitro and in vivo tools (cell cultures and animal experiments) leads to a better characterization of probiotic strains and could be employed to assess reduced Campylobacter spp. colonization in chickens if some parameters are optimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muriel Guyard-Nicodème
- Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, Ploufragan/Plouzané Laboratory, ANSES, Université Bretagne LoirePloufragan, France
| | - Soumaya Messaoudi
- SECALIM Unit UMR1014, Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes, France
| | - Marianne Chemaly
- Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pork Products Unit, Ploufragan/Plouzané Laboratory, ANSES, Université Bretagne LoirePloufragan, France
| | | | - Xavier Dousset
- SECALIM Unit UMR1014, Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes, France
| | - Nabila Haddad
- SECALIM Unit UMR1014, Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sahin O, Kassem II, Shen Z, Lin J, Rajashekara G, Zhang Q. Campylobacter in Poultry: Ecology and Potential Interventions. Avian Dis 2015; 59:185-200. [PMID: 26473668 DOI: 10.1637/11072-032315-review] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Avian hosts constitute a natural reservoir for thermophilic Campylobacter species, primarily Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, and poultry flocks are frequently colonized in the intestinal tract with high numbers of the organisms. Prevalence rates in poultry, especially in slaughter-age broiler flocks, could reach as high as 100% on some farms. Despite the extensive colonization, Campylobacter is essentially a commensal in birds, although limited evidence has implicated the organism as a poultry pathogen. Although Campylobacter is insignificant for poultry health, it is a leading cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, and contaminated poultry meat is recognized as the main source for human exposure. Therefore, considerable research efforts have been devoted to the development of interventions to diminish Campylobacter contamination in poultry, with the intention to reduce the burden of food-borne illnesses. During the past decade, significant advance has been made in understanding Campylobacter in poultry. This review summarizes the current knowledge with an emphasis on ecology, antibiotic resistance, and potential pre- and postharvest interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Sahin
- A Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Issmat I Kassem
- B Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Zhangqi Shen
- A Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Jun Lin
- C Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- B Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Qijing Zhang
- A Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Asghar S, Arif M, Nawaz M, Muhammad K, Ali MA, Ahmad MD, Iqbal S, Anjum AA, Khan M, Nazir J. Selection, characterisation and evaluation of potential probiotic Lactobacillus spp. isolated from poultry droppings. Benef Microbes 2015; 7:35-44. [PMID: 26565086 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the present study was to characterise and evaluate probiotic potential of lactobacilli isolated from indigenous poultry. Lactobacilli were isolated from poultry droppings and identified by genus specific polymerase chain reaction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Isolates were characterised in vitro by their ability to tolerate low pH and bile salts, phytase activity, antimicrobial activity, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and autoaggregation and coaggregation with poultry gut pathogens. In vivo evaluation of selected isolates was done by their effect on the body weight gain and immune response of broiler chicks. Total of 90, one-day old chicks, were randomly divided in 9 groups and given selected lactobacilli alone and in combinations (108 cfu/bird, daily) from day 7 to day 35. Body weight gain and humoral immune response to New Castle Disease Virus (NDV) vaccine were determined weekly. Three lactobacilli isolates (SMP52, SMP64 and SMP70) were selected as potentially probiotic bacteria on the basis of in vitro characterisation and identified as Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus casei and L. crispatus, respectively. Chicks supplemented with 'SMP52', 'SMP64', 'SMP70' and 'SMP64+SMP70' and a commercial probiotic product (Protexin) showed significantly higher mean weight gain per bird (1,584±35.2, 1,629±30.6, 1,668±34.7, 1,619±29.5 and 1,576±31.7 g/bird, respectively) as compared to negative control group (1,394±26.7 g/bird), on day 35. SMP 70 also showed significantly higher geometric mean titre against NDV vaccine at day 21 as compared to negative control. It is concluded that L. crispatus SMP52, L. casei SMP64 and L. crispatus SMP70 are potential probiotic candidates which alone or in different combinations may increase body weight of broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Asghar
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Nawaz
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - K Muhammad
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M A Ali
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M D Ahmad
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Iqbal
- 3 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A A Anjum
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Khan
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - J Nazir
- 1 Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Out-Fall Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lohans CT, van Belkum MJ, Li J, Vederas JC. Characterization of bacterial antimicrobial peptides active against Campylobacter jejuni. CAN J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2014-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the major causes of food poisoning, often resulting from the consumption of improperly cooked poultry products. The emergence of C. jejuni strains resistant to conventional antibiotics necessitates the evaluation of other possible treatments or preventative measures to minimize the impact and prevalence of infections. Antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria have begun to emerge as a potential means of decreasing the levels of C. jejuni in poultry, thereby limiting Campylobacter contamination in associated food products. A number of bacteriocins produced by Gram-positive bacteria have unexpectedly been described as having antimicrobial activity against the Gram-negative C. jejuni. Additionally, some nonribosomal lipopeptides produced by Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp. show efficacy against this pathogen. This review will describe the bacterial antimicrobial peptides reported to be active against C. jejuni, with an emphasis on the characterization of their primary structures. However, for many of these peptides, little is known about their amino acid sequences and structures. Furthermore, there are unusual inconsistencies associated with the reported amino acid sequences for several of the more well-studied bacteriocins. Clarifying the chemical nature of these promising antimicrobial peptides is necessary before their potential utility for livestock protection from C. jejuni can be fully explored. Once these peptides are better characterized, they may prove to be strong candidates for minimizing the impact of Campylobacter on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Lohans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Marco J. van Belkum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - John C. Vederas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Robyn J, Rasschaert G, Pasmans F, Heyndrickx M. Thermotolerant Campylobacter during Broiler Rearing: Risk Factors and Intervention. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015; 14:81-105. [PMID: 33401809 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thermotolerant Campylobacters are one of the most important bacterial causative agents of human gastrointestinal illness worldwide. In most European Union (EU) member states human campylobacteriosis is mainly caused by infection with Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli following consumption or inadequate handling of Campylobacter-contaminated poultry meat. To date, no effective strategy to control Campylobacter colonization of broilers during rearing is available. In this review, we describe the public health problem posed by Campylobacter presence in broilers and list and critically review all currently known measures that have been researched to lower the numbers of Campylobacter bacteria in broilers during rearing. We also discuss the most promising measures and which measures should be investigated further. We end this review by elaborating on readily usable measures to lower Campylobacter introduction and Campylobacter numbers in a broiler flock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joris Robyn
- the Inst. for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, Melle, Belgium
| | - Geertrui Rasschaert
- the Inst. for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, Melle, Belgium
| | - Frank Pasmans
- the Dept. of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent Univ, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- the Inst. for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, Melle, Belgium.,the Dept. of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent Univ, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus faecalis MB5259. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2014; 2:2/3/e00634-14. [PMID: 24948775 PMCID: PMC4064040 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00634-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present a draft genome sequence of Enterococcus faecalis MB5259, a promising probiotic strain. The identified differences and common features between this strain and reference strains will assist in better understanding the mechanism of antibacterial action and in developing novel probiotics.
Collapse
|
20
|
Enterococcus faecalis from healthy infants modulates inflammation through MAPK signaling pathways. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97523. [PMID: 24830946 PMCID: PMC4022717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonizing commensal bacteria after birth are required for the proper development of the gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that bacterial colonization pattern in neonatal gut affects gut barrier function and immune system maturation. Studies on the development of faecal microbiota in infants showed that the neonatal gut was first colonized with enterococci followed by other microbiota such as Bifidobacterium. Other studies showed that babies who developed allergy were less often colonized with Enterococcus during the first month of life as compared to healthy infants. Many studies have been conducted to elucidate how bifidobacteria or lactobacilli, some of which are considered probiotic, regulate infant gut immunity. However, fewer studies have been focused on enterococi. In our study, we demonstrate that E. faecalis, isolated from healthy newborns, suppress inflammatory responses activated in vivo and in vitro. We found E. faecalis attenuates proinflammatory cytokine secretions, especially IL-8, through JNK and p38 signaling pathways. This finding shed light on how the first colonizer, E.faecalis, regulates inflammatory responses in the host.
Collapse
|
21
|
Diaz MA, Bik EM, Carlin KP, Venn-Watson SK, Jensen ED, Jones SE, Gaston EP, Relman DA, Versalovic J. Identification of Lactobacillus strains with probiotic features from the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:1037-51. [PMID: 23855505 PMCID: PMC4063339 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aims In order to develop complementary health management strategies for marine mammals, we used culture-based and culture-independent approaches to identify gastrointestinal lactobacilli of the common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. Methods and Results We screened 307 bacterial isolates from oral and rectal swabs, milk and gastric fluid, collected from 38 dolphins in the U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, for potentially beneficial features. We focused our search on lactobacilli and evaluated their ability to modulate TNF secretion by host cells and inhibit growth of pathogens. We recovered Lactobacillus salivarius strains which secreted factors that stimulated TNF production by human monocytoid cells. These Lact. salivarius isolates inhibited growth of selected marine mammal and human bacterial pathogens. In addition, we identified a novel Lactobacillus species by culture and direct sequencing with 96·3% 16S rDNA sequence similarity to Lactobacillus ceti. Conclusions Dolphin-derived Lact. salivarius isolates possess features making them candidate probiotics for clinical studies in marine mammals. Significance and Impact of the Study This is the first study to isolate lactobacilli from dolphins, including a novel Lactobacillus species and a new strain of Lact. salivarius, with potential for veterinary probiotic applications. The isolation and identification of novel Lactobacillus spp. and other indigenous microbes from bottlenose dolphins will enable the study of the biology of symbiotic members of the dolphin microbiota and facilitate the understanding of the microbiomes of these unique animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Diaz
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Robyn J, Rasschaert G, Hermans D, Pasmans F, Heyndrickx M. In vivo broiler experiments to assess anti-Campylobacter jejuni activity of a live Enterococcus faecalis strain. Poult Sci 2013; 92:265-71. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|