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Allogenic Faecal Microbiota Transfer Induces Immune-Related Gene Sets in the Colon Mucosa of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100586. [PMID: 31597320 PMCID: PMC6843426 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) consists of the introduction of new microbial communities into the intestine of a patient, with the aim of restoring a disturbed gut microbiota. Even though it is used as a potential treatment for various diseases, it is unknown how the host mucosa responds to FMT. This study aims to investigate the colonic mucosa gene expression response to allogenic (from a donor) or autologous (own) FMT in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In a recently conducted randomised, double-blinded, controlled clinical study, 17 IBS patients were treated with FMT by colonoscopy. RNA was isolated from colonic biopsies collected by sigmoidoscopy at baseline, as well as two weeks and eight weeks after FMT. In patients treated with allogenic FMT, predominantly immune response-related gene sets were induced, with the strongest response two weeks after the FMT. In patients treated with autologous FMT, predominantly metabolism-related gene sets were affected. Furthermore, several microbiota genera showed correlations with immune-related gene sets, with different correlations found after allogenic compared to autologous FMT. This study shows that the microbe–host response is influenced by FMT on the mucosal gene expression level, and that there are clear differences in response to allogenic compared to autologous FMT.
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Mammas IN, Theodoridou M, Thiagarajan P, Melidou A, Papaioannou G, Korovessi P, Koutsaftiki C, Papatheodoropoulou A, Calachanis M, Dalianis T, Spandidos DA. A paediatric influenza update 100 years after the Skyros island Spanish flu outbreak. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4327-4336. [PMID: 31186675 PMCID: PMC6507498 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This year marks the 100th anniversary of the 1918 Spanish flu outbreak on the Greek Aegean Sea island of Skyros, which devastated its population in less than 30 days. According to Constantinos Faltaits's annals published in 1919, the influenza attack on the island of Skyros commenced acutely ‘like a thunderbolt’ on the 27th of October, 1918 and was exceptionally severe and fatal. At that time, the viral cause of the influenza had not been detected, while the total number of victims of the Spanish flu outbreak has been estimated to have surpassed 50 million, worldwide. Almost one century after this Aegean Sea island's tragedy, the ‘4th Workshop on Paediatric Virology’, organised on the 22nd of September, 2018 in Athens, Greece, was dedicated to the 100 years of the ‘Spanish’ flu pandemic. This review article highlights the plenary and key lectures presented at the workshop on the recent advances on the epidemiology, clinical management and prevention of influenza in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis N Mammas
- Department of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Theodoridou
- First Department of Paediatrics, 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Prakash Thiagarajan
- Neonatal Unit, Division for Women's & Children Health, Noble's Hospital, IM4 4RJ Douglas, Isle of Man, British Isles
| | - Angeliki Melidou
- Second Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Papaioannou
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, 'Mitera' Children's Hospital, 151 23 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Korovessi
- Department of Paediatrics, 'Penteli' Children's Hospital, 152 36 Penteli, Greece
| | - Chryssie Koutsaftiki
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), 'Penteli' Children's Hospital, 152 36 Penteli, Greece
| | - Alexia Papatheodoropoulou
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), 'P. and A. Kyriakou' Children's Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Marcos Calachanis
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, 'Penteli' Children's Hospital, 152 36 Penteli, Greece
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-117 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Department of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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