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TatahMentan M, Nyachoti S, Godebo TR. Elemental composition of toxic and essential elements in rice-based baby foods from the United States and other countries: A probabilistic risk analysis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114677. [PMID: 38641042 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of rice-based foods provides essential nutrients required for infants and toddlers' growth. However, they could contain toxic and excess essential elements that may affect human health. The study aims to determine the composition of rice-based baby foods in the USA and outside and conduct a multiple-life stages probabilistic exposure and risk assessment of toxic and essential elements in children. Elemental concentrations were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) in thirty-three rice-based baby foods. This includes 2 infant formulas, 11 rice baby cereals, and 20 rice snacks produced primarily in the United States, China, and other countries. A probabilistic risk assessment was conducted to assess risks of adverse health effects. Results showed that infant formula had higher median concentrations of selenium (Se), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) compared to rice baby cereal and rice snacks. On the contrary, rice snacks had the highest median concentration of Arsenic (As) (127 μg/kg) while rice baby cereals showed the highest median concentration of Cd (7 μg/kg). A higher lifetime estimated daily intake was observed for samples manufactured in the USA compared to those from China and other countries. Hazard quotient (HQ < 1) values were suggestive of minimal adverse health effects. However, lifetime carcinogenic risk analysis based on total As indicated an unacceptable cancer risk (>1E-04). These findings show a need for ongoing monitoring of rice-based foods consumed by infants and toddlers as supplementary and substitutes for breast milk or weaning food options. This can be useful in risk reduction and mitigation of early life exposure to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mom TatahMentan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Syprose Nyachoti
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Tewodros Rango Godebo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Amarh FA, Agorku ES, Voegborlo RB, Ashong GW, Atongo GA. Health risk assessment of some selected heavy metals in infant food sold in Wa, Ghana. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16225. [PMID: 37215839 PMCID: PMC10196951 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Infants remain a high-risk group as far as exposure to toxic metals is concerned. The levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) in twenty-two (22) samples of baby foods and formulas were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The concentrations in (mg/kg) of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Sb were in the ranges 0.006-0.057, 0.043-0.064, 0.113-0.33, 0.000-0.002, 1.720-3.568, 0.065-0.183, 0.061-0.368 and 0.017-0.1 respectively. Health risk assessment indices like the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Cancer Risk (CR) and Hazard Index (HI) were calculated. EDI values of Hg, Cr, and As were below their recommended tolerable daily intake, that of Ni and Mn were lower in 95% of samples, and Cd was also lower in 50% of the samples. THQ values for As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, and Pb were 0.32-3.21, 0.75-1.10, 0.65-1.94, 0.00-0.37, 0.21-0.44, 0.08-0.12 and 0.26-1.13 respectively. The CR values were greater than 10-6, making them unacceptable for human consumption. HI values were between 2.68 and 6.83 (greater than 1), which implied that these metals are likely to pose non-carcinogenic health risks to infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Amerley Amarh
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hilla Limann Technical University, Wa, Ghana
| | - Eric Selorm Agorku
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ray Bright Voegborlo
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Gerheart Winfred Ashong
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - George Atiah Atongo
- Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
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Moulick D, Samanta S, Sarkar S, Mukherjee A, Pattnaik BK, Saha S, Awasthi JP, Bhowmick S, Ghosh D, Samal AC, Mahanta S, Mazumder MK, Choudhury S, Bramhachari K, Biswas JK, Santra SC. Arsenic contamination, impact and mitigation strategies in rice agro-environment: An inclusive insight. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149477. [PMID: 34426348 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination and its adverse consequences on rice agroecosystem are well known. Rice has the credit to feed more than 50% of the world population but concurrently, rice accumulates a substantial amount of As, thereby compromising food security. The gravity of the situation lays in the fact that the population in theAs uncontaminated areas may be accidentally exposed to toxic levels of As from rice consumption. In this review, we are trying to summarize the documents on the impact of As contamination and phytotoxicity in past two decades. The unique feature of this attempt is wide spectrum coverages of topics, and that makes it truly an interdisciplinary review. Aprat from the behaviour of As in rice field soil, we have documented the cellular and molecular response of rice plant upon exposure to As. The potential of various mitigation strategies with particular emphasis on using biochar, seed priming technology, irrigation management, transgenic variety development and other agronomic methods have been critically explored. The review attempts to give a comprehensive and multidiciplinary insight into the behaviour of As in Paddy -Water - Soil - Plate prospective from molecular to post-harvest phase. From the comprehensive literature review, we may conclude that considerable emphasis on rice grain, nutritional and anti-nutritional components, and grain quality traits under arsenic stress condition is yet to be given. Besides these, some emerging mitigation options like seed priming technology, adoption of nanotechnological strategies, applications of biochar should be fortified in large scale without interfering with the proper use of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti Moulick
- Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam University, Silchar 788 011, India.
| | - Suman Samanta
- Division of Agricultural Physics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arkabanee Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr Homi Bhabha Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
| | - Binaya Kumar Pattnaik
- Symbiosis Institute of Geoinformatics, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Saikat Saha
- Nadia Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Gayeshpur, Nadia 741234, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jay Prakash Awasthi
- Department of Botany, Government College Lamta, Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh 481551, India.
| | - Subhamoy Bhowmick
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India.
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India.
| | - Alok Chandra Samal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subrata Mahanta
- Department of Chemistry, NIT Jamshedpur, Adityapur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831014, India.
| | | | - Shuvasish Choudhury
- Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam University, Silchar 788 011, India.
| | - Koushik Bramhachari
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subhas Chandra Santra
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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