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Masood S, Hussain A, Javid A, Rashid M, Bukahri SM, Ali W, Aslam S, Ali S, Amin HMA, Ghaffar I, Imtiaz A, Masood A, Salahuddin H, Sughra F, Sarwar MS, Sharif A, Aslam K. Fungal conversion of chicken-feather waste into biofortified compost. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 83:e248026. [PMID: 35544900 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.248026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry industry is amongst highly developed industries of Pakistan, fulfilling the protein demand of rapidly increasing population. On the other hand, the untreated poultry waste is causing several health and environmental problems. The current study was designed to check the potential of keratinolytic fungal species for the conversion of chicken-feather waste into biofortified compost. For the purpose, three fungal species were isolated from soil samples. These strains were pure cultured and then characterized phenotypically and genotypically. BLAST searches of 18S rDNA nucleotide sequence of the fungal isolates revealed that the two fungal isolates belonged to genus Aspergillus and one belonged to genus Chrysosporium. Optimum temperature for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Chrysosporium queenslandicum was 29, 26 and 25 oC, respectively. A. flavus showed maximum (53%) feather degradation, A. niger degraded feather waste up to 37%, while C. queenslandicum showed 21% keratinolytic activity on chicken feathers at their respective temperature optima. The degradation potential of these fungal species showed their ability to form compost that has agro-industrial importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Masood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Javid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Rashid
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Wildlife, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S M Bukahri
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - W Ali
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Aslam
- Government College Women University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ali
- University of the Punjab, Department of Botany, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H M A Amin
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Dairy Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Ghaffar
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Imtiaz
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Masood
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife and Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H Salahuddin
- University of Okara, Department of Zoology, Okara, Pakistan
| | - F Sughra
- University of Okara, Department of Zoology, Okara, Pakistan
| | - M S Sarwar
- University of Okara, Department of Zoology, Okara, Pakistan
| | - A Sharif
- Quaid-e-Azam University, Department of Biochemistry, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - K Aslam
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Chicken Feather Waste Hydrolysate as a Superior Biofertilizer in Agroindustry. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2212-2230. [PMID: 33903939 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Billions of tons of keratinous waste in the form of feathers, antlers, bristles, claws, hair, hoofs, horns, and wool are generated by different industries and their demolition causes environmental deterioration. Chicken feathers have 92% keratin that can be a good source of peptides, amino acids, and minerals. Traditional methods of feather hydrolysis require large energy inputs, and also reduce the content of amino acids and net protein utilization values. Biological treatment of feathers with keratinolytic microbes is a feasible and environmental favorable preference for the formulation of hydrolysate that can be used as bioactive peptides, protein supplement, livestock feed, biofertilizer, etc. The presence of amino acids, soluble proteins, and peptides in hydrolysate facilitates the growth of microbes in rhizosphere that promotes the uptake and utilization of nutrients from soil. Application of hydrolysate enhances water holding capacity, C/N ratio, and mineral content of soil. The plant growth promoting activities of hydrolysate potentiates its possible use in organic farming, and improves soil ecosystem and microbiota. This paper reviews the current scenario on the methods available for management of keratinous waste, nutritional quality of hydrolysate generated using keratinolytic microbes, and its possible application as plant growth promoter in agroindustry.
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