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Cucumis callosus (Rottl.) Cogn. fruit extract ameliorates calcium oxalate urolithiasis in ethylene glycol induced hyperoxaluric Rat model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14043. [PMID: 36923847 PMCID: PMC10009681 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumis callosus dry fruits are traditionally used as folk remedy to treat conditions like urethral irritations, urine stoppage or dribbling and other urinary ailments of man in north-west India. But no study is reported to validate this ethnic practice of using Cucumis fruit in urolithiasis. To evaluate anti-urolithiatic potential of Cucumis, hyperoxaluria was induced in rats by supplying 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) + 1% ammonium chloride (AC) in drinking water for 14 days. Anti-urolithiatic activity of Cucumis callosus hydro-ethanolic extract (CCHEE) was assessed by measuring blood and urine biochemical parameters, oxidative stress indices, histopathology and osteopontin (OPN) expression. Administration of EG-AC to rats caused hyperoxaluria, crystalluria, azotaemia, oxidant/antioxidant imbalance (increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), and decrease in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT)), up-regulation of OPN and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal deposition in kidney. Treatment of afflicted rats with Cucumis fruits extract restored renal function to a great extent (CCHEE group), testified by improvement of stated parameters. Findings demonstrate curative efficacy of Cucumis fruit extract in EG induced urolithiasis of rats. The restoration of renal function was possibly by regulating renal stone formation via reducing urinary oxalate excretion, correcting oxidant/antioxidant imbalances, and reduced expression of OPN. Hence, results of this study validate the ethnic practice of using Cucumis fruit and conclude that fruit extracts have beneficial effects on CaOx urolithiasis and renal function.
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Beldar VG, Sidat PS, Jadhaoa MM. Ethnomedicinal Plants Used for Treatment of Urolithiasis in India: A Review. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083808666220222100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The kidney stone is the most commonly observed and painful disease of the urinary tract in human being. Numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors are responsible for the formation of kidney stone, for instance, age, sex, heredity (intrinsic factors) and climate, dietary, geography, mineral composition, and water intake (extrinsic factors). The kidney stones are categorized into calcium, struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate, uric acid or urate, cystine and other types of stones based on chemical composition and pathogenesis. Due to the multifactorial nature of kidney stone disease, the patient may need to rely on complex synthetic medication. However, in ancient Indian history, there are several pieces of evidence where natural resources such as plants were used to remediation this lethal disease.
Objective:
The present review attempts to provide exhaustive information of ethnomedicinal and ethnopharmacological information of medicinal plants used for kidney stone in India.
Result:
Hitherto, there are a total of 258 ethnomedicinal plants from 90 different families reported using for kidney stone application. The majority of the plant species are associated with three important families: Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, and Fabaceae. Most of the plants are from Andhra Pradesh (43 plants), followed by East Bengal (38), Jammu & Kashmir (36), Uttarakhand (31), Panjab (27), Mizoram (23), Karnataka (20), Maharashtra (20) and Assam (18). The commonly used plant parts for the herbal preparation are roots (21.22 %) followed by leaves/leaf (20.15 %), and sometimes complete plant (17.77 %) is used. The most commonly used method for the formulation is decoction (46.41 %) followed by powder (18.66 %) and then extracts (15.78 %) of different aerial and non-aerial parts of the plant. To date, the in-vitro and in-vivo activities against the kidney stone assessed for more than sixty ethnomedicinal plants.
Conclusion:
The present review epitomizes the ethnomedicinal information of medicinal plants used for kidney stone and pharmacological evidence for anti-urolithiasis activity. Most reported medicinal plants are not yet scientifically explored and need immediate attention before we lose some important species due to excessive deforestation for farming and industrial needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Gokul Beldar
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai Marathwada Campus, Jalna-431203, India
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Mandal B, Madan S, Ahmad S, Sharma AK, Ansari MHR. Antiurolithic efficacy of a phenolic rich ethyl acetate fraction of the aerial parts of Aerva lanata (Linn) Juss. ex Schult. in ethylene glycol induced urolithic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:560-572. [PMID: 33793840 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was carried out to evaluate the in vivo antiurolithic efficaciousness of an ethyl acetate fraction of Aerva lanata (EAFAL) derived from the hydromethanolic extract of its aerial parts (HMEAL). METHODS In vivo pharmacological potency of EAFAL was assessed by ethylene glycol (EG) induced urolithiasis model in male Wistar albino rats. Urine samples of the animals were analysed for physical parameters, stone promoters, inhibitors along with an evaluation of the biochemical parameters of serum and kidneys. Histopathological investigation of the kidneys was done. The fraction was further subjected to LC-MS and HPLC for its phytochemical evaluation. KEY FINDINGS EAFAL demonstrated a significant antiurolithic effect by a restoration of the balance between urinary promoters and inhibitors along with an amelioration of the urinary pH. The abnormally elevated levels of serum nitrogenous substances, calcium, albumin, globulin, total protein along with altered renal calcium, oxalate and uric acid were also alleviated significantly followed by an improvement of the histopathological aberrancies. Phytochemical analysis showed evidence of phenolic components and flavonoids. CONCLUSIONS The current findings prove the beneficial role of phenolic and flavonoid rich EAFAL in ameliorating urolithiasis induced abnormalities of urine, serum and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bitasta Mandal
- School of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, India
| | - Swati Madan
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Amity University, Amity Education Valley Gurugram, Manesar, Panchgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Mohd Hafizur Rehman Ansari
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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Li CY, Liu L, Zhao YW, Peng QL, Sun XY, Guo D, Ouyang JM. Repair of Tea Polysaccharide Promotes the Endocytosis of Nanocalcium Oxalate Monohydrate by Damaged HK-2 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2198976. [PMID: 32411321 PMCID: PMC7201800 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2198976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a protective mechanism of renal epithelial cells to eliminate retained crystals. This research investigated the endocytosis of 100 nm calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals in human kidney proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells before and after repair by four kinds of tea polysaccharides with molecular weights (MWs) of 10.88 (TPS0), 8.16 (TPS1), 4.82 (TPS2), and 2.31 kDa (TPS3), respectively. When HK-2 cells were repaired by TPSs after oxalic acid injury, the cell viability, wound healing ability, mitochondrial membrane potential, percentage of cells with endocytosed crystals, and dissolution rate of the endocytosed crystals increased; the cell morphology recovered; and the reactive oxygen level and lactate dehydrogenase release decreased. Most of the endocytosed crystals were found in the lysosomes. The repair effects of the four TPSs were ranked in the following order: TPS2>TPS1>TPS3>TPS0. TPS2 with moderate MW presented the optimal repair ability and strongest ability to promote endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang-Ye Li
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yao-Wang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Qian-Long Peng
- Department of Urology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Da Guo
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Thakur N, Dey S, Verma M, Jacob A, Choudhary SS, GE C, Karunanithy M. Epidemiologic evaluation of urolithiasis in Bareilly area of Uttar Pradesh, India. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1537547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Thakur
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Sahadeb Dey
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Medram Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and information Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Aron Jacob
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | | | - Chethan GE
- Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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Tahri A, Lahyani A, Kallel R, Ayadi F, Boudawara T, Sahnoun Z. Exposure to imipenem/cilastatin causes nephrotoxicity and even urolithiasis in Wistar rats. Toxicology 2018; 404-405:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Panigrahi PN, Dey S, Sahoo M, Choudhary SS, Mahajan S. Alteration in Oxidative/nitrosative imbalance, histochemical expression of osteopontin and antiurolithiatic efficacy of Xanthium strumarium (L.) in ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1524-1532. [PMID: 27876212 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthium strumarium has traditionally been used in the treatment of urolitiasis especially by the rural people in India, but its antiurolithiatic efficacy was not explored scientifically till now. Therefore, the present study was designed to validate the ethnic practice scientifically, and explore the possible antiurolithiatic effect to rationalize its medicinal use. Urolitiasis was induced in hyperoxaluric rat model by giving 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) for 28days along with 1% ammonium chloride (AC) for first 14days. Antiurolithiatic effect of aqueous-ethanol extract of Xanthium strumarium bur (xanthium) was evaluated based on urine and serum biochemistry, oxidative/nitrosative stress indices, histopathology, kidney calcium and calcium oxalate content and immunohistochemical expression of matrix glycoprotein, osteopontin (OPN). Administration of EG and AC resulted in hyperoxaluria, crystalluria, hypocalciuria, polyurea, raised serum urea, creatinine, erythrocytic lipid peroxidise and nitric oxide, kidney calcium content as well as crystal deposition in kidney section in lithiatic group rats. However, xanthium treatment significantly restored the impairment in above kidney function test as that of standard treatment, cystone. The up-regulation of OPN was also significantly decreased after xanthium treatment. The present findings demonstrate the curative efficacy of xanthium in ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis, possibly mediated through inhibition of various pathways involved in renal calcium oxalate formation, antioxidant property and down regulation of matrix glycoprotein, OPN. Therefore, future studies may be established to evaluate its efficacy and safety for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Nibash Panigrahi
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India; Division of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh-221005, India.
| | - Sahadeb Dey
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Monalisa Sahoo
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Choudhary
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
| | - Sumit Mahajan
- Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly Uttar Pradesh-243122, India
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