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Husori DI, Marianne M, Lubis NDS, Yusfa KL, Angela IFD. Evaluation of Gastroprotective Effect from Phaleria macrocarpa Fruits Extract on Gastric Ulcer in Male Wistar Rats. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The long-term use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) triggers gastric mucosal damage and causes ulcers. Meanwhile, studies showed that God's crown fruit (Phaleria macrocarpa) contains secondary metabolites of flavonoids and tannins that can protect the gastric mucosa.
AIM: This study aims to determine the gastroprotective effect of P. macrocarpa ethanolic extracts against gastric ulcers in rats induced with acetosal and ethanol. The extracts were obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol as solvent.
METHODS: The male rats used were divided into 7 groups for each test with ethanol and acetosal induction. Each group consisted of 5 rats, namely normal control, induction, carrier, positive control (sucralfate 360 mg/kg BW and omeprazole 3.6 mg/kg BW), and extract doses 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg body weight. All groups were given treatment for 7 days except normal and induction controls. On day 6, rats were fasted for 36 hours and induced with acetosal/ethanol. In ethanol induction, the animal was sacrificed after 10 hours of immersion while in acetosal, the animal was sacrificed 6 hours later. The stomach section was taken for macroscopic, microscopic parameters and gastric acid secretion examination.
RESULTS: The results of phytochemical screening showed that the extract contained flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and glycosides. In acetosal-induced ulcers, the administration of one dose of the extract reduced the number and score of ulcers, repair epithelial cells, increase pH, and total gastric acidity. Furthermore, the percentage of ulcer inhibition at the extract dose of 400 mg/kg BW was 91.91±3.74% in ethanol induction, and 59±13.08% in acetosal.
CONCLUSION: The ethanolic extract of P. macrocarpa has a gastroprotective effect on acetosal-induced gastric ulcer rats.
Keywords: Phaleria macrocarpa, Mahkota Dewa fruit, gastroprotective, gastric ulcers, extract
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Herrada-Manchón H, Rodríguez-González D, Alejandro Fernández M, Suñé-Pou M, Pérez-Lozano P, García-Montoya E, Aguilar E. 3D printed gummies: Personalized drug dosage in a safe and appealing way. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119687. [PMID: 32730802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obtention of customized dosage forms is one of the main attractions of 3D printing in pharmaceuticals. In this sense, children are one of the groups within the population with a greater need for drug doses adapted to their requirements (age, weight, pathological state…), but most 3D printed oral dosages are solid forms and, therefore, not suitable for them. This work developed patient-tailored medicinal gummies, an alternative oral dosage form with eye-catching appearance and appropriate organoleptic characteristics. Four inks were formulated, characterised and 3D printed by means of syringe-based extrusion mechanism. Different tests were performed to ensure reproducibility of the process and validate work methodology for dosage unit fabrication applying basic manufacturing standards. Rheological test helped in evaluating inks printability. Visual characterization concluded that drugmies, apart from a high fidelity in the 3D model shape reproduction, had a bright and uniformly coloured appearance and a pleasant aroma, which made them highly appetising and attractive. The printed gummy oral dosages complied comfortably with the mass uniformity assay regardless of the formulated ink used or the 3D model selected for printing. Ranitidine hydrochloride individual contents were determined using uv-vis spectrophotometry, showing successful results both in dose accuracy, uniformity of drug content and dissolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Herrada-Manchón
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Fundación Idonial, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gijón, Avda. Jardín Botánico, 1345, 33203 Gijón, Asturias, Spain.
| | - David Rodríguez-González
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Fundación Idonial, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gijón, Avda. Jardín Botánico, 1345, 33203 Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - M Alejandro Fernández
- Fundación Idonial, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gijón, Avda. Jardín Botánico, 1345, 33203 Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - Marc Suñé-Pou
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lozano
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Encarnación García-Montoya
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; IDIBELL-UB Research Group, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Aguilar
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica "Enrique Moles", Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería, 8, 33006 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Schimpf U, Nachmann G, Trombotto S, Houska P, Yan H, Björndahl L, Crouzier T. Assessment of Oligo-Chitosan Biocompatibility toward Human Spermatozoa. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46572-46584. [PMID: 31725264 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The many interesting properties of chitosan polysaccharides have prompted their extensive use as biomaterial building blocks, for instance as antimicrobial coatings, tissue engineering scaffolds, and drug delivery vehicles. The translation of these chitosan-based systems to the clinic still requires a deeper understanding of their safety profiles. For instance, the widespread claim that chitosans are spermicidal is supported by little to no data. Herein, we thoroughly investigate whether chitosan oligomer (CO) molecules can impact the functional and structural features of human spermatozoa. By using a large number of primary sperm cell samples and by isolating the effect of chitosan from the effect of sperm dissolution buffer, we provide the first realistic and complete picture of the effect of chitosans on sperms. We found that CO binds to cell surfaces or/and is internalized by cells and affected the average path velocity of the spermatozoa, in a dose-dependent manner. However, CO did not affect the progressive motility, motility, or sperm morphology, nor did it cause loss of plasma membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species production, or DNA damage. A decrease in spermatozoa adenosine triphosphate levels, which was especially significant at higher CO concentrations, points to possible interference of CO with mitochondrial functions or the glycolysis processes. With this first complete and in-depth look at the spermicidal activities of chitosans, we complement the complex picture of the safety profile of chitosans and inform on further use of chitosans in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Schimpf
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Gilai Nachmann
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Stephane Trombotto
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), CNRS UMR 5223 , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon , 69622 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Petr Houska
- ANOVA-Andrology, Sexual Medicine, Transmedicine , Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet , Norra Stationsgatan 69 , 113 64 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Hongji Yan
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Lars Björndahl
- ANOVA-Andrology, Sexual Medicine, Transmedicine , Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet , Norra Stationsgatan 69 , 113 64 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Thomas Crouzier
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Science in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , 106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
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Kirupa Sankar M, Ravikumar R, Naresh Kumar M, Sivakumar U. Development of co-immobilized tri-enzyme biocatalytic system for one-pot pretreatment of four different perennial lignocellulosic biomass and evaluation of their bioethanol production potential. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:227-236. [PMID: 30179756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Today, many researchers are focusing on research for alternative promising energy sources and sustainable technology for bioethanol production to meet the increasing global energy demand. Here, we develop a novel one-pot pretreatment technology by co-immobilizing laccase, cellulase and β-glucosidase to act as a tri-enzyme biocatalyst for evaluating the bioethanol production potential of four sustainable lignocellulosic biomasses viz., Typha angustifolia, Arundo donax, Saccharum arundinaceum, and Ipomoea carnea. The co-immobilized enzyme system was more stable at different temperatures and at longer storage, compared to free enzyme. During enzymatic saccharification, Saccharum arundinaceum showed higher total reducing sugar of 205 ± 3.73 mg/g when compared to other biomass. The highest percentage of bioethanol yield of 63.43 ± 9.35% was obtained with Ipomoea carnea. The effects of co-immobilized tri-enzyme biocatalyst on the biomasses were evaluated. The results revealed that the co-immobilized tri-enzyme biocatalyst could act as effective one-pot pretreatment for the production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthuvelu Kirupa Sankar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajarathinam Ravikumar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Manickam Naresh Kumar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Uthandi Sivakumar
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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