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Khazdair MR, Ghorani V, Alavinezhad A, Boskabady MH. Pharmacological effects of Zataria multiflora
Boiss L. and its constituents focus on their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2018; 32:26-50. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Pharmaceutical Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Student Research Committee; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Vahideh Ghorani
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Pharmaceutical Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Azam Alavinezhad
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology; School of Medicine; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Kianmehr M, Haghmorad D, Nosratabadi R, Rezaei A, Alavinezhad A, Boskabady MH. The Effect of Zataria multiflora on Th1/Th2 and Th17/T Regulatory in a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:458. [PMID: 28824424 PMCID: PMC5545581 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with no definite treatment and more research is needed to overcome this condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the extract of Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) as a medicinal plant on cytokine genes expression in an experimental mouse model of asthma. Adult mice were randomly divided into the following groups: control (C), untreated asthma (A), asthmatic groups treated with dexamethasone (D) and Z. multiflora extract (200, 400, and 800 μg/mL; Z1, Z2, and Z3, respectively), (for groups C, A, and D n = 5 and for groups Z1, Z2, and Z3 n = 6). For induction of the mouse model of asthma, animals were sensitized with intraperitoneal injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA). The number of T helper (Th) subtype cells (using flow cytometry) and the levels of IFN-γ, FOXP3, IL-4, TGF-β, IL-17 gene expression (by real time PCR) were assessed in mice splenocytes. The observed changes in spleen cells of group A compared to group C were increased number of Th2 and Th17 cells, enhancement of gene expression of IL-4, IL-17, and TGF-β (p < 0.001 for all cases), reduction of Th1 cells and Th1/Th2 ratio (p < 0.001 for both cases) and decrease in gene expression of IFN-γ, FOXP3 and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio (p < 0.01 for IFN-γ and p < 0.001 for other cases). The observed changes in spleen cells of treated compared to untreated A group were enhancement of Treg cells and Th1/Th2 ratio (p < 0.001 for both cases), increase in IFN-γ (p < 0.05) and FOXP3 (p < 0.001) gene expression and IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio (p < 0.01) as well as reduction of Th2 and Th17 cells (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001), decrease gene expression of IL-4, IL-17, and TGF-β (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The findings showed that the extract of Z. multiflora decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in asthma (IL-4 and IL-17 and TGF-β) but increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ) gene expression and the number of Treg (FOXP3) in splenocytes of asthmatic mice which may indicate the specific therapeutic effect of the plant extract in allergy, autoimmunity, and infectious diseases via potentiating Th1 and suppressing Th2 and Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Kianmehr
- Neurogeneeic Inflammation Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran
| | - Dariush Haghmorad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical SciencesSemnan, Iran
| | - Reza Nosratabadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjan, Iran
| | - Abdolrahim Rezaei
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran
| | - Azam Alavinezhad
- Neurogeneeic Inflammation Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogeneeic Inflammation Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran
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Abstract
In in vitro process of this study, protoscoleces of the hydatid cysts were exposed to two concentrations of nano emulsion (NE) of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZMEO) (1 and 2mg/mL) for 10 and 20min. Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed using 0.1% eosin staining. For in vivo studies, sixteen laboratory mice were infected intraperitoneally by 1500 live protoscoleces. Five months after infection, the infected mice were divided into treatment and control groups. The mice of treatment group received the NE of ZMEO (20mg/kg) orally via their drinking water while the mice of control group received no treatment. Two months after the start of treatment, all of the mice were necropsied and the hydatid cysts were collected. Subsequently, the numbers, sizes and weights of the collected cysts were compared between the mice of two groups. The results of in vitro scolicidal assays showed that the scolicidal power of NE of a ZMEO at concentration of 1mg/mL was 88.01%, and 100% after 10 and 20min respectively. NE of ZMEO showed 100% scolicidal power at a concentration of 2mg/mL after 10min (comparing to 4.46% for the control group). The results of in vivo studies revealed that the size of the largest cysts as well as the total number of the cysts were significantly lower in the mice treated with NE of ZMEO (P<0.05). In conclusion, NE of ZMEO may be considered as a natural scolicidal agent and a potential therapeutic tool for treatment of hydatid disease.
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Gholami Mahtaj L, Boskabady MH, Mohamadian Roshan N. The Effect of Zataria multiflora and its Constituent, Carvacrol, on Tracheal Responsiveness and Lung Pathology in Guinea Pig Model of COPD. Phytother Res 2015; 29:730-6. [PMID: 25682768 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) and its constituent, carvacrol, in guinea pigs model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were examined. Animals were divided into control, COPD, COPD + drinking water containing three concentrations of extract of Z. multiflora (0.4, 0.8 and 1.6 mg/ml), COPD + drinking water containing three concentrations of carvacrol (60, 120 and 240 µg/ml) and COPD + dexamethasone (50 µg/ml). COPD was induced by exposing animals to cigarette smoke for 3 months. Emphysema as a pathological change of the lung and tracheal responsiveness were measured (n = 5 for control and COPD groups and n = 6 for another groups). Tracheal responsiveness (p < 0.05) and emphysema were significantly increased (p < 0.001) in COPD compared to the control group. Tracheal responsiveness in COPD groups treated with two higher concentrations of the Z. multiflora and three concentrations of carvacrol, and emphysema in treated with highest concentration of Z. multiflora and carvacrol were significantly improved compared to COPD group. Studied parameters were also significantly improved in the treated group with dexamethasone compared to COPD animals (p < 0.05 to p < 0.01). The results indicated a preventive effect of Z. multiflora extract and its constituent, carvacrol, on tracheal responsiveness and pathological changes of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gholami Mahtaj
- Pharmaceutical Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Boskabady MH, Gholami Mahtaj L. Lung inflammation changes and oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure in guinea pigs affected by Zataria multiflora and its constituent, carvacrol. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:39. [PMID: 25881210 PMCID: PMC4354995 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an epidemic and progressive health problem which is mainly a consequence of cigarette smoking, and associated with lung inflammation. Anti-inflammatory property of Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) and its constituent, carvacrol was shown in various inflammatory disorders previously. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of the plant and its constituent, carvacrol, on lung inflammation changes and oxidative stress, in guinea pigs model of COPD were evaluated. Methods Nine groups of animals including control, COPD, COPD + drinking water containing three concentrations of extract of Z. multiflora (0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/mL), COPD + drinking water containing three concentrations of carvacrol (60, 120, and 240 μg/mL), and COPD + dexamethasone (50 μg/mL) were studied. For inducing COPD, animals were exposed to cigarette smoke for 3 months. Thiol groups, IL-8, total and differential WBC were measured in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (n = 6 for each group). Results Total WBC, eosinophils, and neutrophils counts as well as the levels of IL-8 in BALF were significantly increased but thiol group was decreased in COPD compared to the control group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Total WBC and IL-8 in all treated COPD groups, thiol group, eosinophils and neutrophils counts in treated groups with dexamethasone and two higher concentrations of the Z. multiflora and carvacrol were significantly improved compared to non-treated COPD group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Lymphocyte count in treated groups with dexamethasone, highest concentration of Z. multiflora, and two higher concentration of carvacrol was also significantly higher than non-treated group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Conclusions A preventive effect of Z. multiflora extract and its constituent carvacrol on lung inflammation changes and oxidative stress in animal model of COPD was suggested.
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Effect of the Zataria multiflora on systemic inflammation of experimental animals model of COPD. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:802189. [PMID: 25013803 PMCID: PMC4071971 DOI: 10.1155/2014/802189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) on systemic inflammation in guinea pigs model of COPD were examined. Control animals, COPD (induced by exposing animals to cigarette smoke), COPD + drinking water containing three concentrations of the extract of Z. multiflora, and COPD + dexamethasone were studied (n = 6 for each group). Serum levels of IL-8 and malondialdehyde (MDA), total blood WBC (P < 0.01 for all cases), and eosinophil counts (P < 0.05) were higher and weight changes (P < 0.05) were lower in the COPD group compared to controls. IL-8 level (P < 0.001) and weight changes (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001) in all treated groups with Z. multiflora and total WBC number and MDA level in treated groups with two higher concentrations of the extract and lymphocytes percentage (P < 0.05) in the highest concentration of Z. multiflora and dexamethasone (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) were significantly improved compared to the COPD group. Results showed a preventive effect of hydroethanolic extract from Z. multiflora on all measured parameters in animals model of COPD which was comparable or even higher (in the highest concentration) compared to the effect of dexamethasone at the concentration used.
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Boskabady MH, Vatanprast A, Parsaee H, Boskabady M. Possible mechanism of inotropic and chronotropic effects of Rosa damascena on isolated guinea pig heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 21:38. [PMID: 23688388 PMCID: PMC3661371 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-21-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The possible mechanism(s) of inotropic and chronotropic effects of the extract from Rosa damascena (R. damascena) on heart was examined. Methods Inotropic and chronotropic effects of four concentrations of the extract from R. damascena and isoprenaline were examined in isolated guinea-pig hearts perfused through aorta in a Langendorff model. All measurements were performed in three different groups: 1) In the presence and absence of propranolol, 2) In the presence and absence of methacholine and 3) In the presence of diltiazem (n = 12 for each group). Results In all groups both isoprenaline and the extract caused an increase in heart rate and contractility (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Only in group 1, the final concentration of isoprenaline in the absence of propranolol caused significant greater increase in heart rate compared to the extract (207.6 ± 11.0 compared to 162.6 ± 11.8, p < 0.01). The percent increase in heart contractility due to the final concentration of the extract in the absence (362.4 ± 36.9 compared to 227.7 ± 31.6, p < 0.01) and presence of propranolol (577.1 ± 62.9 compared to 357.5 ± 45.6, p < 0.001) in group 1 and absence (403.7 ± 42.1 compared to 244.8 ± 18.9, p < 0.005) and presence of methcholine (499.88 ± 64.64 compared to 323.90 ± 44.49, p < 0.05) in groups 2 was significantly greater than the increase caused by isoprenaline. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that inotropic and chornotropic effect of R. damascena is possibly due to the stimulatory effect of this plant on beta-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Physiology Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
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Sajed H, Sahebkar A, Iranshahi M. Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme)--an ancient condiment with modern pharmaceutical uses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 145:686-98. [PMID: 23266333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zataria multiflora Boiss. (ZM) is a thyme-like plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that grows wild only in Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan. This plant with the vernacular name of Avishan-e-Shirazi (Shirazi thyme) in Iran is a valuable medicinal and condimental plant. It has several traditional uses as an antiseptic, carminative, stimulant, diaphoretic, diuretic, anesthetic, anti-spasmodic and analgesic. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper reviews the ethnopharmacology, pharmacology, toxicology, modern pharmaceutical uses and phytochemistry of Zataria multiflora, and highlights the gaps in our knowledge deserving further research. MATERIALS AND METHODS All relevant databases were searched for the terms "Zataria", "Zataria multiflora", "Shirazi thyme" and "Iranian thyme" without limitation up to 24th October 2012. Information on Zataria multiflora was collected via electronic search using Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and SID (for articles in Persian language), and local books on ethnopharmacology. RESULTS ZM has played an important role in Iranian traditional medicine. In light of the modern pharmacological and clinical investigations, ZM is a valuable medicinal and condimental plant that has anti-microbial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic and anti-nociceptive properties. The oil of ZM contains high percentages of oxygenated monoterpenes, in particular thymol and carvacrol, and exhibits excellent anti-microbial properties. CONCLUSIONS Overall, antimicrobial property appears to be the most interesting studied biological effect of ZM. The lack of a comprehensive phytochemical analysis of ZM is an important limitation that can be noted regarding most of the previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sajed
- Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Soleimani H, Ranjbar A, Baeeri M, Mohammadirad A, Khorasani R, Yasa N, Abdollahi M. Rat Plasma Oxidation Status After Nigella Sativa L. Botanical Treatment in CCL4-Treated Rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 18:725-31. [DOI: 10.1080/15376510802232233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Soleimani
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mohammadirad
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khorasani
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narguess Yasa
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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