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Hennechart-Collette C, Dehan O, Fraisse A, Martin-Latil S, Perelle S. Development of an Extraction Method to Detect Hepatitis A Virus, Hepatitis E Virus, and Noroviruses in Fish Products. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030624. [PMID: 36985198 PMCID: PMC10051274 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are a leading cause of foodborne disease worldwide. Hepatitis viruses (hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis E (HEV)) and human norovirus are recognized as the main viruses of public health concern in food hygiene. ISO 15216 approved procedures are not validated for detection of HAV and human norovirus in foodstuffs, such as fishes, leading to an inability to ensure the safety of these products. This study aimed to provide a rapid and sensitive method for detecting these targets in fish products. An existing method that includes proteinase K treatment was selected for further validation using artificially contaminated fish products, according to the recent international standard ISO 16140-4. Recovery efficiencies in pure RNA extracts of viruses ranged from 0.2% to 66.2% for HAV, 4.0% to 100.0% for HEV, 2.2% to 100.0% for norovirus GI, and 0.2% to 12.5% for norovirus GII. LOD50 values were between 144 and 8.4 × 104 genome copies/g for HAV and HEV, and 104 and 2.0 × 103 copies/g for norovirus GI and norovirus GII, respectively. LOD95 values were between 3.2 × 103 and 3.6 × 105 genome copies/g for HAV and HEV, and between 8.8 × 103 and 4.4 × 104 genome copies/g for norovirus GI and norovirus GII, respectively. The method developed here was successfully validated in various fish products and can be applied for routine diagnostic needs.
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Das O, Lekshmi M, Kumar S, Nayak BB. Incidence of norovirus in tropical seafood harbouring fecal indicator bacteria. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 150:110777. [PMID: 31910524 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of human norovirus (HuNoV) in fresh seafood was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Samples (n = 104) comprising of oysters, clams, shrimps and finfish were collected from 3 retail markets, a landing center and a rocky intertidal zone. The samples were subjected to virus concentration, followed by RNA extraction and RT-PCR. Of these, 43 (41.34%) samples were positive for HuNoV Group II (GII). The fecal contamination status of the samples was determined by the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. All (100%) the samples were fecally contaminated, with the fecal coliform counts ranging from 10 to >1400 MPN/100 g. The study shows that fresh seafood, especially the bivalve mollusks, can act as vehicles for transmission and spread of HuNoV in the community. The high level of HuNoV contamination of seafood not only constitutes a health risk to the domestic consumers, but also compromises the microbiological qualities of seafood meant for international trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oishi Das
- Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri(W), Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Manjusha Lekshmi
- Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri(W), Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Sanath Kumar
- Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri(W), Mumbai 400061, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Andheri(W), Mumbai 400061, India.
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Osazuwa F, Johnson W, Grobler H. Genetic lineage of genogroup I norovirus identified among children with diarrhoea in Niger-Delta region, Nigeria. Infect Dis (Lond) 2019; 52:213-215. [DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2019.1693623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Favour Osazuwa
- MDS Molecular Services, Sub-Saharan African Center, Abuja, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Bnin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - William Johnson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Bnin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Hailey Grobler
- MDS Molecular Services, Sub-Saharan African Center, Abuja, Nigeria
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Ghosh SK, Lekshmi M, Das O, Kumar S, Nayak BB. Occurrence of Human Enteric Adenoviruses in Fresh Tropical Seafood from Retail Markets and Landing Centers. J Food Sci 2019; 84:2256-2260. [PMID: 31334844 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are the foodborne enteric pathogens transmitted by the consumption of contaminated shellfish. In this study, the occurrence of enteric adenoviruses in finfish and shellfish was investigated by virus concentration and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total plate count, total coliform, and fecal coliform levels were determined and correlated with the presence of adenovirus. Samples of fish, bivalve mollusks, crustaceans, and cephalopods were collected from supermarkets, landing centers, and retail fish markets of Mumbai, India for the study. Overall, the adenovirus DNA was detected in 21.27% of all the samples analyzed. The highest incidence was detected in clams (14.89%), followed by oysters, shrimps, and finfish (2.13% each). High prevalence of enteric adenovirus in filter-feeding bivalves, such as clams and oysters, as well as in fish suggests persistent fecal contamination of coastal waters in the region of study. The occurrence of adenoviruses in samples showed a positive correlation with the bacteriological indicators of fecal contamination, suggesting that fecal indicator bacteria may be used to monitor the presence of adenoviruses in seafood. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research demonstrates the occurrence of human adenoviruse (HAdV) in fresh seafood and the utility of fecal coliforms as indicators of HAdV presence in seafood. The study emphasizes the need to identify HAdV in seafood as a human health hazard and implement measures to prevent sewage pollution of fish and shellfish harvesting areas in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subal Kumar Ghosh
- QC Laboratory, Post Harvest Technology Dept., ICAR-Central Inst. of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Manjusha Lekshmi
- QC Laboratory, Post Harvest Technology Dept., ICAR-Central Inst. of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Oishi Das
- QC Laboratory, Post Harvest Technology Dept., ICAR-Central Inst. of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Sanath Kumar
- QC Laboratory, Post Harvest Technology Dept., ICAR-Central Inst. of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- QC Laboratory, Post Harvest Technology Dept., ICAR-Central Inst. of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Mumbai, 400061, India
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Lekshmi M, Das O, Kumar S, Nayak BB. Occurrence of human e nterovirus in tropical fish and shellfish and their relationship with fecal indicator bacteria. Vet World 2018; 11:1285-1290. [PMID: 30410235 PMCID: PMC6200563 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1285-1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Human enteroviruses in fish and shellfish are a health concern worldwide. Human infections occur due to the consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked fish or shellfish. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of human enteric viruses belonging to Enterovirus (EV) group in seafood in Mumbai and to correlate their occurrence with the bacterial indicators of fecal contamination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of fresh fish and shellfish collected from fish landing centers and retail fish markets were analyzed by virus concentration, nucleic acid extraction, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bacterial indicators of fecal contamination were estimated by the most probable number technique. The relationship between the presence of virus and fecal indicators was determined by statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 89 samples comprising of fish, shrimps, oysters, clams, and mussels were screened in this study. EV was detected in 32 (35.95%) samples, and all the virus-positive samples belonged to bivalve molluscan group. None of the finfish and crustacean shellfish samples was positive for the enteric viruses. Clams were found to be the most contaminated with 48.4% of the samples being positive for EV. The prevalence of enteric viruses in seafood samples showed a strong positive correlation with the bacteriological indicators of fecal contamination, suggesting that fecal coliform bacteria are good indicators of EVs in tropical seafood. CONCLUSION The presence of EVs in seafood is a public health hazard. Increasing level of coastal water contamination from anthropogenic sources is the primary reason for the contamination of seafood with EVs. Continuous monitoring of coastal waters and seafood for enteric viruses will help to ensure the safety of fish and shellfish for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjusha Lekshmi
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Oishi Das
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanath Kumar
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binaya Bhusan Nayak
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology, Quality Control Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Elbashir S, Parveen S, Schwarz J, Rippen T, Jahncke M, DePaola A. Seafood pathogens and information on antimicrobial resistance: A review. Food Microbiol 2017; 70:85-93. [PMID: 29173644 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Seafood-borne diseases are a major public health hazard in the United States and worldwide. Per capita, seafood consumption has increased globally during recent decades. Seafood importation and domestic aquaculture farming has also increased. Moreover, several recent outbreaks of human gastroenteritis have been linked to the consumption of contaminated seafood. Investigation of seafood-borne illnesses caused by norovirus, and Vibrio, and other bacteria and viruses require a concrete knowledge about the pathogenicity and virulence properties of the etiologic agents. This review explores pathogens that have been associated with seafood and resulting outbreaks in the U.S. and other countries as well as the presence of antimicrobial resistance in the reviewed pathogens. The spectrum of such resistance is widening due to the overuse, misuse, and sub-therapeutic application of antimicrobials in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Elbashir
- Food Science and Technology Ph.D. Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, 2116 Center for Food Science and Technology, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - S Parveen
- Food Science and Technology Ph.D. Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, 2116 Center for Food Science and Technology, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA.
| | - J Schwarz
- Food Science and Technology Ph.D. Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, 2116 Center for Food Science and Technology, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - T Rippen
- Food Science and Technology Ph.D. Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, 2116 Center for Food Science and Technology, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - M Jahncke
- Virginia Tech., Virginia Seafood Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 102 South King Street, Hampton, VA 23669, USA
| | - A DePaola
- Angelo DePaola Consulting, 12719 Dauphin Island Pkwy, Coden, AL 36523, USA
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Khanyaghma M, Milanizadeh S, Mostafavi PG, Mohebbi SR, Valinassab T, Azimzadeh P, Romani S, Zali MR. Distribution of Norovirus in Fecal-Contaminated Oyster ( Saccostrea cucullataand Solen roseomaculatus) Tissues in Vitro. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2013.860510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Khanyaghma
- Department of Marine Biology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Milanizadeh
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pargol Ghavam Mostafavi
- Department of Marine Biology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mohebbi
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooraj Valinassab
- Department of Resource Management, Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Azimzadeh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Romani
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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