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Wong BYK, Chen YH, Cui KH, Zhou HC, Li FL, Tam NFY, Lee FWF, Xu SJL. Differential allelopathic effects of mangrove plants Kandelia obovata and Aegiceras corniculatum on harmful algal species: Potential applications in algal bloom control. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 207:116874. [PMID: 39213885 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This study examined effects of mangrove plants Kandelia obovata and Aegiceras corniculatum on harmful algal species. While A. corniculatum leaf extract had no inhibitory effect, K. obovata leaf extract significantly inhibited the growth of two harmful algal species Alexandrium tamarense and Karenia mikimotoi. The inhibitory effect was concentration-dependent, with over 90 % inhibition at the highest concentration. Morphological changes and cell size reduction were observed in both microalgae. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species and damage to algal photosynthetic system were found. The allelopathic effect of K. obovata on K. mikimotoi with low-concentration repeated exposure was more effective than high-concentration single exposure. The EC50 of K. obovata (0.33 g L-1) was lower than reported values on other coastal plants. Higher inhibitory effects of K. obovata were found on naked algal species than the armoured ones. These findings suggest potential applications of K. obovata leaf extract in controlling harmful algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Yu-Keung Wong
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yang-Hang Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Kai-Hui Cui
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hai-Chao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng-Lan Li
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Nora Fung-Yee Tam
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Fred Wang-Fat Lee
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Steven Jing-Liang Xu
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Eigemann F, Vanormelingen P, Hilt S. Sensitivity of the green alga Pediastrum duplex Meyen to allelochemicals is strain-specific and not related to co-occurrence with allelopathic macrophytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78463. [PMID: 24167626 PMCID: PMC3805554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interspecific differences in the response of microalgae to stress have numerous ecological implications. However, little is known of intraspecific sensitivities and the potential role of local genetic adaptation of populations. We compared the allelochemical sensitivity of 23 Pediastrum duplex Meyen strains, a common component of the freshwater phytoplankton. In order to test for local genetic adaptation, strains were isolated from water bodies with and without the allelopathically-active submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum. Strains were assigned to P. duplex on the basis of cell shape and colony morphology and only P. duplex strains that belonged to the same lineage in an ITS rDNA phylogeny were used. Inhibition of strain growth rates and maximum quantum yields of photosystem II were measured after exposure to tannic acid (TA) and co-culture with Myriophyllum spicatum. Growth rate inhibition varied over one order of magnitude between the P. duplex strains. There was no correlation between the presence of Myriophyllum in the source location and the sensitivity of the strains to TA or the presence of Myriophyllum, suggesting that at least strong unidirectional local adaptation to Myriophyllum had not taken place in the studied water bodies. The maximum quantum yield of photosystem II of TA exposed algae decreased, whereas the yield of algae exposed to M. spicatum was slightly higher than that of the controls. The ranking of P. duplex strain sensitivities differed between the types of exposure (single additions of TA versus co-existence with M. spicatum) and the parameter measured (growth rate versus maximum quantum yield), emphasizing the importance of measuring multiple traits when analysing strain-specific sensitivities towards allelochemicals. The observation that sensitivities to allelochemicals vary widely among strains of a single freshwater algal species should be taken into account if evaluating ecological consequences of allelopathic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Eigemann
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Sabine Hilt
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
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