Prevalence, Pattern and Predictors of Disclosure among HIV Positive Clients of FMC Bida Art Clinic

Disclosure of HIV status to sexual partner and its associated factors among pregnant women living with HIV attending prenatal care in Amhara Regional state Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia

BACKGROUND

Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status to sexual partners plays a significant role in the successful prevention and care of HIV infection. Pregnant women who did not reveal their HIV status to their sexual partners make the prevention and control efforts challenging. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess HIV status disclosure to sexual partners and associated factors among pregnant women living with HIV attending prenatal care in Amhara Regional state referral Hospitals, Ethiopia in 2021.

METHODS

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 17th, 2020 to March 1st, 2021. A total of 423 pregnant women living with HIV were participated in this study. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select all eligible women. Data was collected using a semi-structured, pretested, and interviewer-administered questionnaire. EPI INFO version 7 and SPSS version 21 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to find factors associated with women's disclosure status to a sexual partner. Statistical association was decided based on the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p-value of ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS

The prevalence of disclosure of their HIV status to their sexual partners was 73% (95% CI: 68.9%, 77.3%). Being an urban resident (AOR = 5.04, 95% CI: 2.14, 11.81), diagnosed HIV before pregnancy (AOR = 7.77, 95% CI: 3.09, 19.52), disclosing their HIV status to others (AOR = 7.01, 95% CI: 3.78, 13.25), planned pregnancy (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.32, 4.57), and having good knowledge on HIV/AIDS prevention (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI:1.22, 3.94) were found to be statistically significant with women's disclosure of their HIV status to their sexual partner.

CONCLUSION

In this study, nearly three-fourth of pregnant women disclosed their HIV status to their sexual partner. Thus, setting strategies in preventing unplanned pregnancy, HIV diagnosed before pregnancy, and increasing knowledge of HIV prevention will have significant role in escalating women's disclosure status.

The effect of counseling, antiretroviral therapy and relationship on disclosing HIV positive status to sexual partner among adult HIV patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is continued as a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the effect of counseling, antiretroviral therapy (ART) and relationship on disclosing HIV positive status to sexual partner among adult HIV patients in Ethiopia.

METHODS

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) was used during this review. The study included both published and unpublished studies which were conducted in Ethiopia until the end of 2019. Different electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, CINAHL, Global Health, HINARI and Google scholar) were searched. Data were extracted in Microsoft Excel sheet and STATA/SE 14 was used to meta-analysis. I2 and Egger test statistics were used to test heterogeneity and publication bias respectively.

RESULTS

Twenty-two articles with 8,873 adult HIV infected peoples were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled magnitude of disclosing HIV status to sexual partner was 74.63% [95% CI: (67.79, 81.47)]. Counseled [AOR = 4.96, 95% CI: (2.87, 8.55)], ART initiated [AOR = 4.78, 95% CI: (3.84, 5.94)] and who had a smooth relationship before HIV testing [AOR = 6.82, 95% CI: (3.49, 13.33)] were significantly associated with disclosing HIV status to sexual partner.

CONCLUSIONS

Disclosing HIV positive status to sexual partner in Ethiopia was low as the government invested in partner notification. Counseling, ART initiation and smooth relationship before HIV testing were significantly associated with disclosing HIV status to sexual partner. The government needs to strengthen pre and post HIV test counseling even after treatment started to increase disclosing status.

REGISTRATION

The protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in the PROSPERO with a specific registration number: CRD42020161276; https://clinicaltrials.gov/.

Status and associated characteristics of HIV disclosure among people living with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan, China: A cross-sectional study

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disclosure is a prerequisite to get access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and social support. Increased disclosure of HIV status has been shown to reduce mother-to-child transmission and high-risk sexual behaviors. Limited studies were conducted to get an insight into HIV disclosure among people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA) in Liangshan.Our study aimed to investigate the status and associated characteristics of HIV disclosure among PLWHA in Liangshan.We conducted a cross-sectional study using a stratified, convenience sampling method from August to December in 2017. All of the participants were from Liangshan, a typical impoverished mountainous area which also has a long history of drug production and drug trade. Each participant completed a structured questionnaire including HIV disclosure status, demographic and HIV-related characteristics, social support, and perceived HIV-related stigma. We performed a binary regression analysis to detect associated characteristics of HIV disclosure among PLWHA in Liangshan.A final sample size of 318 participants was included in this study. The overall prevalence of HIV disclosure was 83.6% (266/318). In binary logistic regression analysis, PLWHA who had higher educational levels, and got infected by sexual transmission were less likely to disclose their HIV status (both P < .05). HIV nondisclosure was correlated with a higher level of perceived HIV-related stigma (P < .01).The prevalence of HIV disclosure was relatively low in Liangshan. Healthcare workers are suggested to conduct more counseling and education to promote safe sexual behaviors and reduce perceived stigma among PLWHA, then enhance HIV serostatus disclosure.