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Li R, Zeng X, Bai X, Qu J, Wang Z. Root colonization and rhizospheric community structure of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in BADH transgenic maize BZ-136 and its recipient under salt stress and neutral soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66409-66419. [PMID: 34333748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) transgenic maize has a capability to grow under drought and salt stress; the risk of planting BADH transgenic maize on symbiotic microorganisms remains problematic, however. A pot experiment was carried out to assess the impact of BADH transgenic maize BZ-136 on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization in root and community structure in rhizosphere soil compared with that of parental maize Zheng58 in neutral and saline-alkaline soil. Microscope observation found that BZ-136 only had a significantly reduced effect on AMF colonization at the elongation stage (9-14%). High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the AMF taxonomic composition kept consistency at the genus level between transgenic BZ-136 and non-transgenic parental Zheng58. NMDS analysis verified the slight difference in community structure between BZ-136 and Zheng58 presented an agrotype-dependent pattern. AMF community indices showed that BZ-136 had a higher richness at the flowering stage in saline-alkaline soil and had a higher diversity at the mature stage in neutral soil. Heatmap analysis also illuminated AMF community structure of transgenic maize at species level was similar to that of non-transgenic maize. In summary, cropping transgenic BADH maize has minor or transient effects on AMF colonization and rhizospheric soil AMF community structure, while agrotype has a stronger effect on AMF community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Juanjuan Qu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Fernández Di Pardo A, Mancini M, Cravero V, Gil-Cardeza ML. Diagnose of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Communities Associated to Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis and var. sylvestris. Curr Microbiol 2020; 78:190-197. [PMID: 33123749 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02257-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cynara cardunculus L. is a perennial species with high potential for bioenergy production. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMF) is probably the terrestrial symbiosis most extended on earth. It presence in roots and soils improves plant nutrition and soil quality. Indigenous AMF have developed a variety of modifications to survive in their habitat and thus could serve as potential inoculants for the implantation of plant species in the respective AMF soil habitat. This work aimed to diagnose the status of the AMF symbiosis associated to two cardoon cultivars after a year of growth in a saline soil and in a conventional farming soil. For that purpose we determined AMF parameters in 4 rhizospheric soils and in roots of the cardoon varieties. We found that: (1) the rhizosphere of C. cardunculus var. altilis positively influenced the extraradical mycelium development in the saline soil, (2) the inorganic fertilization history of the conventional farming soil could have had a negative effect on the AMF community and, (3) the intraradical mycelium (IRM) development was extremely low. Our diagnosis suggests that, in order to improve the positive effects of AMF on cardoon growth and soil quality, efforts should be focused on the development of the IRM. In a boarder sense, the implementation of a diagnosis of indigenous AMF communities as a general agronomic practice could become an useful tool to farmers that are willing to potentiate the benefits of AMF on plant growth and soil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Fernández Di Pardo
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (CONICET-UBA), Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP: 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - UNR. Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Micaela Mancini
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - UNR. Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina.,Consejo de Investigación de la UNR (CIUNR), Maipú 1065, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (CONICET-UNR) Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Vanina Cravero
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - UNR. Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (CONICET-UNR) Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Lourdes Gil-Cardeza
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - UNR. Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. .,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (CONICET-UNR) Campo Experimental Villarino, CP: 2123, Zavalla, Rosario, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Heidarianpour MB, Aliasgharzad N, Olsson PA. Positive effects of co-inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis and Serendipita indica on tomato growth under saline conditions, and their individual colonization estimated by signature lipids. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:455-466. [PMID: 32472206 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tomato roots can be colonized by both mycorrhizal fungi and the endophytic fungus Serendipita indica. This study was aimed at assessment of the impact of single or dual inoculation with R. irregularis and S. indica on tomato growth under saline conditions. We used signature compounds to estimate the abundance of each of these two fungi (fatty acid 16:1ω5 for R. irregularis and ergosterol for S. indica) in roots. A randomized block design was applied with four types of inoculation (no fungus, R. irregularis, S. indica or S. indica + R. irregularis) at different levels of salinity (1.2, 5, and 10 dS/m) with four replications per treatment. The plant dry weight was slightly higher in R. irregularis- than S. indica-inoculated plants, and the highest plant biomass was achieved with dual inoculation. R. irregularis increased the content of the neutral lipid fatty acid 16:1ω5 from 97 to 5300 nmol/g and phospholipid fatty acid 16:1ω5 from 8 to 141 nmol/g in roots (at a salinity level of 1.2 dS m-1), but the increases were lower at higher levels of salinity. Moreover, both these arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal markers were slightly decreased in the presence of S. indica. Root ergosterol increased from 7 to 114 μg g-1 with S. indica inoculation. With increasing salinity, the concentration of ergosterol in roots decreased. Inoculation with R. irregularis caused a decrease in root ergosterol. Increasing salinity resulted in an increase of Cl and Na in tomato shoots, but the increase was significantly lower in single- or dual-inoculated plants in contrast to the control plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasser Aliasgharzad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Pål Axel Olsson
- Biodiversity, Biology Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Towards a Sustainable Agriculture: Strategies Involving Phytoprotectants against Salt Stress. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the main constraints for agriculture productivity worldwide. This important abiotic stress has worsened in the last 20 years due to the increase in water demands in arid and semi-arid areas. In this context, increasing tolerance of crop plants to salt stress is needed to guarantee future food supply to a growing population. This review compiles knowledge on the use of phytoprotectants of microbial origin (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), osmoprotectants, melatonin, phytohormones and antioxidant metabolism-related compounds as alleviators of salt stress in numerous plant species. Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail, including their nature, applicability, and role in the plant in terms of physiological and phenotype effects. As a result, increased crop yield and crop quality can be achieved, which in turn positively impact food security. Herein, efforts from academic and industrial sectors should focus on defining the treatment conditions and plant-phytoprotectant associations providing higher benefits.
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Parvin S, Van Geel M, Yeasmin T, Lievens B, Honnay O. Variation in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities associated with lowland rice (Oryza sativa) along a gradient of soil salinity and arsenic contamination in Bangladesh. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 686:546-554. [PMID: 31185402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an essential food crop that nourishes >50% of the world population. In many regions of Bangladesh rice production is constrained by high soil salinity and heavy metal contamination due to irrigation practices. Plants may naturally overcome such stress through mutualistic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Yet, little is known regarding the diversity and composition of AMF communities in rice fields with high saline and arsenic concentration. Here we used high throughput Illumina sequencing to characterize AMF communities in rice roots from 45 Bangladeshi rice fields, along a large geographical gradient of soil salinity and arsenic contamination. We obtained 77 operational taxonomic units (OTUs, based on a sequence similarity threshold of 97%) from eight AMF families, and showed that high soil salinity and arsenic concentration are significantly associated with low AMF diversity in rice roots. Soil salinity and arsenic concentration also explained a large part of the variation in AMF community composition, but also soil pH, moisture, organic matter content and plant available soil phosphorus played an important role. Overall, our study showed that even at very high salinity and arsenic levels, some AMF OTUs are present in rice roots. Their potential role in mediating a reduction of rice stress and arsenic uptake remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaz Parvin
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Van Geel
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tanzima Yeasmin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Bart Lievens
- Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, 2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Olivier Honnay
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Bencherif K, Boutekrabt A, Fontaine J, Laruelle F, Dalpè Y, Sahraoui ALH. Impact of soil salinity on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biodiversity and microflora biomass associated with Tamarix articulata Vahll rhizosphere in arid and semi-arid Algerian areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 533:488-494. [PMID: 26184906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is an increasingly important problem in many parts of the world, particularly under arid and semi-arid areas. Unfortunately, the knowledge about restoration of salt affected ecosystems using mycorrhizae is limited. The current study aims to investigate the impact of salinity on the microbial richness of the halophytic plant Tamarix articulata rhizosphere. Soil samples were collected from natural sites with increasing salinity (1.82-4.95 ds.m(-1)). Six arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species were isolated from the different saline soils and identified as Septoglomus constrictum, Funneliformis mosseae, Funneliformis geosporum, Funneliformis coronatum, Rhizophagus fasciculatus, and Gigaspora gigantea. The number of AMF spores increased with soil salinity. Total root colonization rate decreased from 65 to 16% but remained possible with soil salinity. Microbial biomass in T. articulata rhizosphere was affected by salinity. The phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) C16:1ω5 as well as i15:0, a15:0, i16:0, i17:0, a17:0, cy17:0, C18:1ω7 and cy19:0 increased in high saline soils suggesting that AMF and bacterial biomasses increased with salinity. In contrast, ergosterol amount was negatively correlated with soil salinity indicating that ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungal biomasses were reduced with salinity. Our findings highlight the adaptation of arbuscular and bacterial communities to natural soil salinity and thus the potential use of mycorrhizal T. articulata trees as an approach to restore moderately saline disturbed arid lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Bencherif
- Université de Blida, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, BP 270 Blida, (09000), Algeria
| | - Ammar Boutekrabt
- Université de Blida, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, BP 270 Blida, (09000), Algeria
| | - Joël Fontaine
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, 50 rue Ferdinand Buisson, 62228 Calais, France
| | - Fréderic Laruelle
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, 50 rue Ferdinand Buisson, 62228 Calais, France
| | - Yolande Dalpè
- Agriculture et agroalimentaire Canada, Centre de recherches de l'est sur les céréales et oléagineux 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON KIA 0C6, Canada
| | - Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, 50 rue Ferdinand Buisson, 62228 Calais, France.
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Meinhardt KA, Gehring CA. Disrupting mycorrhizal mutualisms: a potential mechanism by which exotic tamarisk outcompetes native cottonwoods. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 22:532-49. [PMID: 22611852 DOI: 10.1890/11-1247.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of mutualisms between plants and mycorrhizal fungi is a potentially powerful mechanism by which invasives can negatively impact native species, yet our understanding of this mechanism's role in exotic species invasion is still in its infancy. Here, we provide several lines of evidence indicating that invasive tamarisk (Tamarix sp.) negatively affects native cottonwoods (Populus fremontii) by disrupting their associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. At a field site in the early stages of tamarisk invasion, cottonwoods with tamarisk neighbors had reduced EM colonization and altered EM fungal community composition relative to cottonwoods with native neighbors, leading to reductions in EM propagule abundance in the soil beneath tamarisk. Similarly, AM colonization of cottonwoods was reduced with a tamarisk neighbor, but there were no significant changes in AM fungal spore communities or propagule abundance. Root colonization by nonmycorrhizal fungi, including potential pathogens, was higher in cottonwoods with tamarisk neighbors. A greenhouse experiment in which AM and EM inoculation and plant neighbor were manipulated in a fully factorial design showed that cottonwoods benefited from mycorrhizas, especially EM, in terms of shoot biomass when grown with a conspecific, but shoot biomass was similar to that of nonmycorrhizal controls when cottonwoods were grown with a tamarisk neighbor. These results are partially explained by a reduction in EM but not AM colonization of cottonwoods by a tamarisk neighbor. Tamarisk neighbors negatively affected cottonwood specific leaf area, but not chlorophyll content, in the field. To pinpoint a mechanism for these changes, we measured soil chemistry in the field and the growth response of an EM fungus (Hebeloma crustuliniforme) to salt-amended media in the laboratory. Tamarisk increased both NO3- concentrations and electrical conductivity 2.5-fold beneath neighboring cottonwoods in the field. Salt-amended media did not affect the growth of H. crustuliniforme. Our findings demonstrate that a nonnative species, even in the early stages of invasion, can negatively affect a native species by disrupting its mycorrhizal symbioses. Some of these changes in mycorrhizal fungal communities may remain as legacy effects of invasives, even after their removal, and should be considered in management and restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley A Meinhardt
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, USA
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