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Rauf A, S. Al-Awthan Y, Muhammad N, Mukarram Shah M, Mitra S, Bin Emran T, Bahattab O, S. Mubarak M. Pharmacological Investigation of Genus Pistacia. NATURAL MEDICINAL PLANTS 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.97322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Several plants in the genus Pistacia are used in the treatment of various pathogenic and non-pathogenic disorders. Especially important are the major species belonging to this genus such as Pistacia lentiscus, Pistacia atlantica, Pistacia vera, Pistacia terebinthus, and Pistacia khinjuk, among others; these have been reported for their potential benefits both in medical and commercial purposes. In addition, members of this genus exhibit numerous ethnomedicinal uses, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihypertension, antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, and antiasthma. In light of these potential uses, the present chapter aimed to collect and summarize the literature about all of this medicinal information. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on the pharmacological uses and benefits of the genus Pistacia, especially those related to health issues.
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Ahmad R, Almubayedh H, Ahmad N, Naqvi AA, Riaz M. Ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, biological activities and toxicity of Pistacia chinensis subsp. integerrima: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2793-2819. [PMID: 32496629 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pistacia chinensis subsp. integerrima (J. L. Stewart ex Brandis) Rech. F. is a valuable medicinal plant used in south Asian communities for the treatment of asthma, diarrhea, diabetes, liver diseases, fever, pain and inflammation. This review critically evaluates the available information on P. integerrima's ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, and so forth, books and theses were used to find relevant information about P. integerrima using keywords such as "Pistacia integerrima," "P. integerrima," "Ethnopharmacology," "Phytochemistry," "Traditional uses". A number of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities have been reported; however, the most promising and attractive activity observed was its role in Alzheimer, diabetes, convulsions, cancer, asthma, diabetes, diarrhea and as an immunomodulatory, analgesic and antiinflammatory. In addition, Pistagremic acid exerted anti-Alzheimer's activity based on a hitherto unknown mechanism through interference with the amyloidogenic pathway. Most of the pharmacological activities were linked with traditional uses. A range of compounds have been reported from P. integerrima extracts including triterpenes, volatile oils, flavonoids, fatty acids, phenolic, phytosterols, tannins and oligosaccharides as well as unknown triterpenes and flavonoids. Pistagremic acid, a novel triterpene, was attributed to most of the activities. in vivo toxicological studies in animal suggested a toxic dose of 1,500 mg kg-1 , for its methanolic extract. All reported pharmacological activities were carried out in vitro and a gap in research, that is, preclinical and clinical investigation exists. Its outstanding activity as an antiglycating agent is the most promising and a so far unique activity and needs further evaluation. In-depth research and clinical trials on human subjects in order to investigate P. integerrima pharmacological activity, clinical efficacy and safety are crucial next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanine Almubayedh
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal Dir (U), Pakistan
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Jeet K, Baldi A. A Comprehensive Review on Pistacia integerrima. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666181213154344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pistacia integerrima J.L. Stew. Ex Brandis belonging to the family Anacardiaceae and subfamily Anacardioideae is one of the widely accepted plants used to cure a vast array of diseases. Various ethnomedicinal and traditional database of different medicinal systems revealed a diverse array of curative and protective therapeutic potential of this plant. Since ancient times different parts of the plants are still in prevalence in the formulation of herbal medicines. This plant is being used in treating various ailments like Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and respiratory tract disorders. The aim of the present review is to explore the traditional and modern knowledge including the botanical description, ethnomedicinal claims, pharmacognostic parameters, phytochemicals and pharmacological potential of P. integgerima. The comprehensive literature and relevant information regarding the plant were gathered through electronic databases including Google Scholar, Pub Med, Science direct, online open access databases and books from the college library. The review represents consolidated summary in all aspects of plant with a special emphasis on reported phytochemicals isolated from plant and their therapeutic potential. The rearranged data in the form of a single review will be essential in providing updated knowledge to the readers regarding the plant and it will act as a baseline for future exploration of P.integerrima in terms of its phytochemistry and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Jeet
- Research Scholar, I.K.G Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala 144601, India
| | - Ashish Baldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, M.R.S Punjab Technical University, Bathinda 151001, India
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Khan A, . NUR, Gilani AH, Ahmed Z, Al-Massara S, El-Gamal A, Farag M. Possible Mechanism(s) Underlying the Antidiarrheal, Antispasmodic and Bronchodilatory Activities of the Pericarp of Albizia lebbeck. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.56.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Rawat P, Singh PK, Kumar V. Evidence based traditional anti-diarrheal medicinal plants and their phytocompounds. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1453-1464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Mahmood H, Chaudhry MA, Masood Z, Saeed MA, Adnan S. A mechanistic evaluation of the traditional uses of Nepeta ruderalis in gastrointestinal and airway disorders. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1017-1021. [PMID: 28183233 PMCID: PMC6130483 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1285325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nepeta ruderalis Buch.-Ham. (Lamiaceae), locally known as Badranj Boya, is an aromatic herb used traditionally as an antispasmodic, antidiarrhoeal, and anti-asthamatic remedy. OBJECTIVE Aqueous methanolic extract of N. ruderalis was studied to investigate its traditional uses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study was conducted from September 2015 to February 2016. In vitro spasmolytic and broncho-relaxant activity of crude extract of N. ruderalis (whole plant) was evaluated at 0.01-10 mg/mL final bath concentration in isolated rabbit jejunum and tracheal tissues, using PowerLab data acquisition system (Transonic Systems Inc., Ithaca, NY). In vivo antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated in castor oil-induced diarrhoeal mice at the dose of 300 and 500 mg of crude extract orally. RESULTS Crude extract of N. ruderalis completely relaxed spontaneously contracting, high K+ (80 mM) and carbachol (1 μM) induced contracted jejunum with an EC50 value of 5.85 (5.45-6.27), 4.0 (3.80-4.23) and 2.86 (2.48-3.29), similar to verapamil. Nr.Cr relaxed high K+ and carbachol induced contractions, at 5 and 10 mg/mL with an EC50 value of 2.37 (2.11-2.67) and 3.26 (2.9-3.67), respectively, and also displaced calcium concentration-response curves toward right at 0.1 and 0.3 mg/mL. Nr.Cr exhibited antidiarrhoeal protection at a dose of 300 and 500 mg/kg, similar to verapamil, whereas no acute toxicity signs were seen up to 5 g/kg in healthy mice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Results suggest the presence of spasmolytic and broncho-relaxant effects in the crude extract of N. ruderalis, possibly mediated through calcium channel-blocking activity, providing the pharmacological basis for its traditional uses in gastrointestinal and airway disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mahmood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mueen Ahmad Chaudhry
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Masood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Sherjeel Adnan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Arshad U, Bashir S, -Ur-Rehman N, Yaqub T, Gilani AH. Dual Inhibition of Ca(+2) Influx and Phosphodiesterase Enzyme Provides Scientific Base for the Medicinal Use of Chrozophora prostrata Dalz. in Respiratory Disorders. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1010-5. [PMID: 26990128 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The crude ethanolic extract of Chrozophora prostrata (Cp.Cr) was tested using in vivo and ex vivo assays for its possible bronchodilatory effects in order to validate its medicinal use in respiratory disorders, like asthma and cough. Cp.Cr exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of carbachol (CCh)-induced bronchospasm in anesthetized rats, similar to aminophylline. When tested on guinea-pig tracheal preparations, Cp.Cr caused relaxation of both CCh (1 μM) and high K(+) (80 mM)-induced contractions with comparable potencies, similar to papaverine, a dual inhibitor of phosphodiesterse (PDE) and Ca(+2) influx. Pre-treatment of the tracheal tissues with Cp.Cr resulted in potentiation of the inhibitory effect of isoprenaline on CCh-induced contractions, like that caused by papaverine indicative of PDE inhibitory activity, which was confirmed when Cp.Cr concentration dependently (1 and 3 mg/mL) increased intracellular cAMP levels of the tracheal preparations, like papaverine. Cp.Cr shifted concentrationresponse curves of Ca(+2) constructed in guinea-pig tracheal preparation towards right with suppression of the maximum response, similar to both verapamil and papaverine. These data indicate bronchodilator activity of Chrozophora prostrata mediated possibly through dual inhibition of PDE and Ca(+2) influx, thus, showing therapeutic potential in asthma with effect enhancing and side-effect neutralizing potential Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Arshad
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, 74800, Karachi, Pakistan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Samra Bashir
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, 74800, Karachi, Pakistan.,College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najeeb -Ur-Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, 74800, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, PO Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Tahir Yaqub
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, 74800, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, 74800, Karachi, Pakistan.,Pakistan Council for Science and Technology, Shahra-e-Jamhuriat, G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Aleem A, Hussain Ja K, Mehmood MH, Bashir S, Jawed F, . NUR, Gilani AH. Pharmacological Studies on Antidiarrheal, Gut Modulatory, Bronchodilatory and Vasodilatory Activities of Myrica nagi. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.888.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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