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Acne in the first three decades of life: An update of a disorder with profound implications for all decades of life. Dis Mon 2020; 67:101103. [PMID: 33041056 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2020.101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a chronic, inflammatory, skin condition that involves the pilosebaceous follicles and is influenced by a variety of factors including genetics, androgen-stimulation of sebaceous glands with abnormal keratinization, colonization with Cutibacterium acnes (previously called Propionibacterium acnes), and pathological immune response to inflammation. Acne can occur at all ages and this discussion focuses on the first three decades of life. Conditions that are part of the differential diagnosis and/or are co-morbid with acne vulgaris are also considered. Acne in the first year of life includes neonatal acne (acne neonatorum) that presents in the first four weeks of life and infantile acne that usually presents between 3 and 6 months of the first year of life with a range of 3 to 16 months after birth. Acne rosacea is a chronic, inflammatory, skin condition that is distinct from acne vulgaris, typically presents in adults, and has four main types: erythemato-telangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous and ocular. Treatment options for acne vulgaris include topical retinoids, topical benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics (topical, oral), oral contraceptive pills, isotretinoin, and others. Management must consider the increasing impact of antibiotic resistance in the 21st century. Psychological impact of acne can be quite severe and treatment of acne includes awareness of the potential emotional toll this disease may bring to the person with acne as well as assiduous attention to known side effects of various anti-acne medications (topical and systemic). Efforts should be directed at preventing acne-caused scars and depigmentation on the skin as well as emotional scars within the person suffering from acne.
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Ollech A, Yousif R, Kruse L, Wagner A, Kenner-Bell B, Chamlin S, Yun D, Shen L, Vivar K, Reynolds M, Paller AS, Mancini AJ. Topical calcineurin inhibitors for pediatric periorificial dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 82:1409-1414. [PMID: 32032693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data regarding the treatment of periorificial dermatitis with topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCI) in the pediatric population are limited. OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical utility of TCI in pediatric patients with periorificial dermatitis. METHODS A retrospective medical record review of all pediatric patients with periorificial dermatitis treated with TCIs was performed. Follow-up via telephone was performed to capture missing data. RESULTS A total of 132 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age at diagnosis was 4.2 years (interquartile range, 2.3-8.2). The median follow-up was 5.2 months (interquartile range, 2.1-11.7). Seventy-two patients had evaluable follow-up data. Of these, 48 (67%) patients were treated with TCI alone, 12 (16.7%) were treated with a combination of TCI and topical metronidazole, and 9 (12.5%) were treated with a combination of TCI and a systemic antibiotic. Complete response was noted in 68.8% of patients treated with TCI alone, in 75% of patients treated with TCI and metronidazole, and in 77.8% of patients treated with TCI and a systemic antibiotic. Adverse events were rare and mild in severity. CONCLUSION Topical calcineurin inhibitors are an effective therapeutic option for pediatric patients with periorificial dermatitis and were well tolerated in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Ollech
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Rame Yousif
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lacey Kruse
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Annette Wagner
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brandi Kenner-Bell
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah Chamlin
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Duri Yun
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lisa Shen
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karina Vivar
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Megan Reynolds
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy S Paller
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anthony J Mancini
- Division of Dermatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Graham PM, Kolb LJ, Mortazie M, Ramirez J, Fivenson D. An unusual acneiform presentation representing secondary squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. JAAD Case Rep 2016; 2:168-70. [PMID: 27222879 PMCID: PMC4864098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M. Graham
- Department of Dermatology, St Joesph Mercy Dermatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence to: Paul M. Graham, DO, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan.St Joseph Mercy Hospital SystemAnn ArborMichigan
| | | | - Michael Mortazie
- Department of Dermatology, St Joesph Mercy Dermatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - James Ramirez
- Department of Dermatopathology, St Joesph Mercy Dermatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David Fivenson
- Department of Dermatology, St Joesph Mercy Dermatology, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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