Sleep patterns of hospitalized and nonhospitalized aged individuals

[Effects of eye protective device and ear protective device application on sleep disorder with coronary disease patients in CCU]

PURPOSE

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effects of an eye protective device and ear protective device application on sleep disorder with coronary disease patients in CCU.

METHODS

The research design was set up as a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects were coronary disease patients in the CCU of a tertiary hospital. The subjects were composed of 20 in the group with an eye protective device, 18 in the group with an ear protective device, 17 in the group with an eye protective device and ear protective device and 20 in the control group. The data was analyzed by chi2-test, ANOVA, Repeated measures ANOVA, Sheffe-test, Simple main effect and Time contrast using SPSS Win 12.0.

RESULTS

The hypothesis, 'There are significant differences in sleep quantity among the four groups' was supported (F=1,342.71, p=.000). The hypothesis, 'There are significant differences in the subjective evaluation of the general sleep patterns among the four groups' was supported (F=3,638.73, p=.000). In addition the hypothesis, 'There are significant differences in degree of sleep among the four groups' was supported (F=1,616.61, p=.000).

CONCLUSION

It is cost effective and a simple eye protective device and ear protective device should be applied to patients according to their preference and characteristics in the clinical setting.

Prevalence of insomnia and its associated factors in elderly long-term care residents

Insomnia is a significant problem that may jeopardize elderly residents' quality of life in long-term care settings. However, there are only a few studies dealing with sleeping disturbances among nursing home residents. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of insomnia and its associated factors in nursing home residents. A cross-sectional study (n=2332) was conducted among seniors living in long-term care facilities. The findings indicate that 144 (6.2%) participants had an insomnia disorder according to DSM-IV criteria, 17% displayed at least one symptom of insomnia, and more that half of the subjects were benzodiazepine users. According to multivariate analysis, psychological distress (adjusted odds ratio=1.51) and disruptive behaviors (adjusted odds ratio=2.10) were the only factors associated with an insomnia disorder among this population. In conclusion, insomnia is a fairly important problem, as a symptom or a syndrome, among elderly people and deserves attention from caregivers. Alternative interventions to benzodiazepine drugs, which are suited to long-term care residents while tailored to these specific care settings, should be developed.

Sleep patterns in women after coronary artery bypass surgery

Sleep patterns were examined over a 6-month time period after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) using a wrist-worn actigraph and the Sleep-Rest subscale of the Sickness Impact Profile. The sample included 22 women during the first postoperative week (T1), and 13 of these women during the first posthospitalization week (T2) and the sixth (T3) and twenty-fourth postoperative weeks (T4). Nighttime sleep became less fragmented and, over time, total sleep became more consolidated during nighttime hours, as shown by significant decreases in day, evening, and total sleep and increases in the percentage of total sleep occurring at night during T1. There were also increases in nighttime sleep and percentages of total sleep and the mean sleep interval and decreases in day sleep and evening sleep and nighttime awakenings during T1 through T4. Decreases in the Sleep-Rest subscale indicated perceived improvement in sleep consistent with changes in objective sleep measures over 6 months. These data can be used to help women anticipate changes in sleep patterns over the course of recovery. They suggest the importance of interventions to improve sleep during hospitalization and posthospitalization recovery.

Circadian dysregulation in abused individuals: a proposed theoretical model for practice and research

Trauma in the form of physical and sexual abuse remains a major issue confronting health professionals and society today. Despite the identification of large numbers of children at risk, no studies exist on the association between childhood abuse and the development of acute and long-term disruption of sleep/wake patterns. Furthermore, identification of the most effective nursing interventions to restore healthy sleep rhythms is sorely lacking. As a basic human process, sleep follows a circadian pattern, effecting sleep onset and stages. This article explores a possible model to link the sleep disruption seen in abuse children with circadian and rhythmic theories.