Pediatric Eales Disease: An Indian Tertiary Eye Center Experience

[Less Frequent Vascular Disorders of the Retina - Part 1]

This review provides an overview of retinal vascular disorders that are less frequent in Germany and Europe compared to diabetic retinopathy and retinal venous or arterial occlusive disorders. The knowledge of these disorders is important for the differential diagnosis of retinal vascular disorders as well as potentially associated systemic disorders. In the current part one epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and therapy are discussed for hypertensive retinochoroidopathy, ocular ischemic syndrome, retinal alterations in sickle cell disease, Eales disease, radiation retinopathy, peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy, and retinal disorders associated with pregnancy.

Advanced Eales' Disease With Neovascular Glaucoma at First Presentation

Eales' disease is an idiopathic vasculitis that affects the peripheral retina. It is characterized by recurrent vitreous hemorrhage as a complication of retinal neovascularization. It is more prevalent in India and affects young males. Here, we present a patient with neovascular glaucoma as a rare first presentation of Eales' disease. This is a 24-year-old Indian male, who complained of a sudden decrease in vision in the left eye over less than 24 hours, along with frontal headache and eye pain for the last three weeks. Ocular examination revealed peripheral retinal ischemia in the right eye, very high intraocular pressure, rubeosis iridis, vitreous hemorrhage and extensive retinal ischemia in the left eye, vascular sheathing and neovascularization in both eyes. The purified protein derivative skin test was positive. The patient was managed with anti-glaucoma, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and laser photocoagulation. Systemic steroids and anti-tuberculous therapy were also initiated. Neovascular glaucoma is an infrequent complication of Eales' disease. However, the lack of early detection of the disease in the early stages might lead to such serious complications.