1
|
Erdinest N, London N, Landau D, Barbara R, Barbara A, Naroo SA. Higher order aberrations in keratoconus. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:172. [PMID: 38594548 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keratoconus is a progressive disorder of the cornea that causes thinning (Sedaghat et al. in Sci Rep 11(1):11971, 2021), ectasia, and irregular astigmatism, resulting in poor visual acuity that cannot be corrected with standard sphero-cylindrical spectacle lenses. One feature distinguishing keratoconic corneas is ocular aberrations, manifesting up to five or six times the amount of higher-order aberrations than a normal, healthy eye. These aberrations can cause visual disturbances even at the very early stages of the disease. METHODS In the past, a diagnosis was derived from clinical symptoms, but technological advances have revealed multiple pre-clinical features, allowing for the differentiation between keratoconic and normal eyes at a much earlier stage. These include anterior and posterior corneal surface elevations, the corneal pachymetry profile, corneal epithelial patterns, wavefront aberration metrics, and corneal biomechanics (Sedaghat et al. in Sci Rep 11(1):11971, 2021).This review discusses the aberrations associated with keratoconus, how to measure them, and treatment methods to minimize their negative influence. CONCLUSIONS Early diagnosis can lead to early treatment and may allow for arresting progression, thereby improving the long-term prognosis. With the acceleration of refractive surgery, it is important to identify patients with keratoconus, as they are usually contraindicated for refractive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - David Landau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ramez Barbara
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Adel Barbara
- IVISION Cornea and Refractive Surgery Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shehzad A Naroo
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saad A, Frings A. Influence of perfluorohexyloctane (Evotears®) on higher order aberrations. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:5025-5030. [PMID: 37864619 PMCID: PMC10724091 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02905-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively assess the effect of regular application of perfluorohexyloctane (F6H8; Evotears®) on the tear film lipid layer, higher order aberrations (HOA) and the repeatability of measurements in healthy eyes. METHODS This prospective clinical study included 104 eyes treated with F6H8 four times daily for four weeks (group A) and 101 eyes that served as controls (group B). Measurements were performed with the WASCA aberrometer (Carl Zeiss Meditec GmbH, Jena, Germany). Main outcome measurement in addition to subjective refraction were the root mean square values of HOA measured before and after the intervention. RESULTS Regular use of F6H8 over a period of four weeks significantly increases HOA in healthy eyes (p < 0.05). In addition, the repeatability of measurement increases after the application of F6H8. CONCLUSION F6H8 may be a suitable treatment option to improve the accuracy of refractive assessment, although it increases HOA. Further studies are needed to confirm the effect on HOA and the repeatability of measurement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr Saad
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Andreas Frings
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Augenheilkunde und Augenlaserzentrum PD Dr. med. Frings Nuremberg, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Munir SZ, Sami Karim SA, Munir WM. A review of imaging modalities for detecting early keratoconus. Eye (Lond) 2020; 35:173-187. [PMID: 32678352 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-1039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early identification of keratoconus is imperative for preventing iatrogenic corneal ectasia and allowing for early corneal collagen cross-linking treatments to potentially halt progression and decrease transplant burden. However, early diagnosis of keratoconus is currently a diagnostic challenge as there is no uniform screening criteria. We performed a review of the current literature to assess imaging modalities that can be used to help identify subclinical keratoconus. METHODS A Pubmed database search was conducted. We included primary and empirical studies for evaluating different modalities of screening for subclinical keratoconus. RESULTS A combination of multiple imaging tools, including corneal topography, tomography, Scheimpflug imaging, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and in vivo confocal microscopy will allow for enhanced determination of subclinical keratoconus. In patients who are diagnostically borderline using a single screening criteria, use of additional imaging techniques can assist in diagnosis. Modalities that show promise but need further research include polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography, Brillouin microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Recognition of early keratoconus can reduce risk of post-refractive ectasia and reduce transplantation burden. Though there are no current uniform screening criterion, multiple imaging modalities have shown promise in assisting with the early detection of keratoconus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saleha Z Munir
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Syed A Sami Karim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wuqaas M Munir
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leisser C, Hirnschall N, Ullrich M, Findl O. Repeatability of wavefront measurements in pseudophakic eyes. SPEKTRUM DER AUGENHEILKUNDE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00717-018-0419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
5
|
Estrella Velástegui PE, Vizcarra Proaño HF. Cuantificación de la severidad de las aberraciones de alto orden y de elevación de la cara posterior corneal mediante tomógrafo Scheimpflug/Plácido (Sirius®) en pacientes con diagnóstico de queratocono subclínico y manifiesto en la Clínica Oftálmica durante el segundo semestre del año 2013. REVISTA MEXICANA DE OFTALMOLOGÍA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mexoft.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
6
|
|
7
|
Barbero S. Wavefront aberration reconstruction from tangential refractive powers measured with spatial dynamic skiascopy. APPLIED OPTICS 2012; 51:8599-8605. [PMID: 23262600 DOI: 10.1364/ao.51.008599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study, using numerical simulations, the attainable level of accuracy to reconstruct the wavefront aberrations from tangential refractive power data measured with dynamic skiascopy. Two mathematical methods have been implemented. The first one is based on curve integration of the curvature data, previously interpolated with cubic splines. The second one reconstructs the three-dimensional wavefront surface, represented by a Zernike polynomial expansion, using a two-step least-squares method. The different factors affecting the reconstruction--noise, sampling, and wavefront patterns--were quantified. The results provide useful information to design more efficient experimental setups based on spatial dynamic skiascopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Barbero
- Instituto de Óptica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
López-Miguel A, Martínez-Almeida L, González-García MJ, Coco-Martín MB, Sobrado-Calvo P, Maldonado MJ. Precision of higher-order aberration measurements with a new Placido-disk topographer and Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor. J Cataract Refract Surg 2012; 39:242-9. [PMID: 23142546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2012.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the intrasession and intersession precision of ocular, corneal, and internal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) measured using an integrated topographer and Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor (Topcon KR-1W) in refractive surgery candidates. SETTING IOBA-Eye Institute, Valladolid, Spain. DESIGN Evaluation of diagnostic technology. METHODS To analyze intrasession repeatability, 1 experienced examiner measured eyes 9 times successively. To study intersession reproducibility, the same clinician obtained measurements from another set of eyes in 2 consecutive sessions 1 week apart. Ocular, corneal, and internal HOAs were obtained. Coma and spherical aberrations, 3rd- and 4th-order aberrations, and total HOAs were calculated for a 6.0 mm pupil diameter. RESULTS For intrasession repeatability (75 eyes), excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were obtained (ICC >0.87), except for internal primary coma (ICC = 0.75) and 3rd-order (ICC = 0.72) HOAs. Repeatability precision (1.96 × S(w)) values ranged from 0.03 μm (corneal primary spherical) to 0.08 μm (ocular primary coma). For intersession reproducibility (50 eyes), ICCs were good (>0.8) for ocular primary spherical, 3rd-order, and total higher-order aberrations; reproducibility precision values ranged from 0.06 μm (corneal primary spherical) to 0.21 μm (internal 3rd order), with internal HOAs having the lowest precision (≥0.12 μm). No systematic bias was found between examinations on different days. CONCLUSIONS The intrasession repeatability was high; therefore, the device's ability to measure HOAs in a reliable way was excellent. Under intersession reproducibility conditions, dependable corneal primary spherical aberrations were provided. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bhatt UK, Sheppard AL, Shah S, Dua HS, Mihashi T, Yamaguchi T, Wolffsohn JS. Design and validity of a miniaturized open-field aberrometer. J Cataract Refract Surg 2012; 39:36-40. [PMID: 23107833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2012.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design and validate a new miniaturized open-field wavefront device that can be attached to an ophthalmic surgical microscope or slitlamp. SETTING Solihull Hospital and Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom. DESIGN Comparative noninterventional study. METHODS The dynamic range of the Aston aberrometer was assessed using a calibrated model eye. The validity was compared with that of a conventional desk-mounted Hartmann-Shack aberrometer (Topcon KR1W) in dilated eyes. The instruments were used in random order, with measurements repeated 5 times to assess intrasession repeatability. RESULTS The open-field aberrometer had a large dynamic range of at least +21.0 diopters (D) to -25.0 D. It gave similar measurements to the conventional aberrometer for mean spherical equivalent (SE) (mean difference 0.02 D ± 0.49 [95% confidence interval]; correlation r = 0.995; P<.001), astigmatic components (J0: 0.02 ± 0.15 D; r = 0.977, P<.001; J45: 0.03 ± 0.28, r = 0.666, P<.001), and higher-order aberration (HOA) root mean square (RMS) (0.02 ± 0.20 D, r = 0.620, P<.001). Intraclass correlation coefficient assessments of intrasession repeatability were excellent (SE = 1.000, P<.001; J0 = 0.998, P<.001; J45 = 0.980, P<.01; HOA RMS = 0.961, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The new aberrometer gave valid, repeatable measurements of refractive error and HOAs over a large range. It can measure continuously, thus providing direct feedback on the optical status of the visual system to surgeons during intraocular lens implantation and corneal surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uday K Bhatt
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amy L Sheppard
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sunil Shah
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harmindar Singh Dua
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Mihashi
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamaguchi
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan
| | - James S Wolffsohn
- From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jinabhai A, Radhakrishnan H, O’Donnell C. Repeatability of ocular aberration measurements in patients with keratoconus. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2011; 31:588-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2011.00868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
McAlinden C, Moore JE. The change in internal aberrations following myopic corneal laser refractive surgery. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2010; 249:775-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-010-1459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
13
|
Rekas M, Krix-Jachym K, Zelichowska B, Ferrer-Blasco T, Montés-Micó R. Optical quality in eyes with aspheric intraocular lenses and in younger and older adult phakic eyes: comparative study. J Cataract Refract Surg 2009; 35:297-302. [PMID: 19185246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2008.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in eyes with aspheric intraocular lenses (IOL) and in phakic eyes. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, Military Health Service Institute, Warsaw, Poland. METHODS Higher-order aberrations with a 5.0 mm pupil and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) were analyzed in a young phakic group (age 20 to 40 years), older phakic group (age 40 to 60 years), and a pseudophakic group (age 62 to 84 years; SN60WF aspheric IOL). RESULTS The mean coma was 0.13 microm+/-0.07 (SD) in the younger phakic group, 0.18+/-0.08 microm in the older phakic group, and 0.16+/-0.08 microm in the pseudophakic group; the difference between the 2 phakic groups was statistically significant (P< .005). The mean spherical aberration was 0.07+/-0.05 microm, 0.11+/-0.05 microm, and 0.06+/-0.04 microm, respectively; the only statistically significant difference was between the 2 phakic groups (P< .005). The mean HOA value was 0.54+/-0.18 microm, 0.76+/-0.12 microm, and 0.92+/-0.31 microm, respectively; the difference was statistically significant between the 2 phakic groups or between the younger phakic group and the pseudophakic group (both P< .005). There were no statistically significant differences in BSCVA between the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS Spherical and coma aberrations were similar in eyes with an aspheric IOL and younger phakic eyes, although HOAs were higher in pseudophakic eyes. There were no differences between pseudophakic eyes and older phakic eyes in coma and HOA, although pseudophakic eyes had lower spherical aberration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Rekas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Military Health Service Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Relationship between contrast sensitivity and spherical aberration: comparison of 7 contrast sensitivity tests with natural and artificial pupils in healthy eyes. J Cataract Refract Surg 2009; 35:47-56. [PMID: 19101424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2008.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To find a contrast sensitivity test that can be used clinically to evaluate interventions aimed at minimizing spherical aberration and determine the circumstances under which these tests should be performed. SETTING Laboratory of Experimental Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. METHODS Contrast sensitivity tests were performed using 2 experimental designs. Design 1 was with a natural pupil under mesopic and photopic conditions. Design 2 was with a 5.0 mm artificial pupil after cycloplegia under photopic conditions only. Two computerized tests (vertical sine-modulated gratings [VSG] and Holladay circular sine-modulated patterns [HACSS]) and 5 chart tests (Pelli-Robson, acuity-measuring letter charts at low contrast [2.5% and 10%], VectorVision, and edge contrast sensitivity) were used. Spherical aberration was assessed with a Hartmann-Shack wavefront analyzer. RESULTS Forty-nine healthy subjects aged 20 to 35 years (n = 24) and 55 to 70 years (n = 25) participated. Design 2 showed a significant relationship between contrast sensitivity and spherical aberration with the HACSS at 3 cycles per degree (cpd) (P = .03) and 6 cpd (P = .01) and with the VSG at 6 cpd (P = .01). Design 1 yielded no significant relationships. CONCLUSIONS Using an artificial pupil, a relationship between contrast sensitivity and spherical aberration was established with the VSG and HACSS tests but not with the chart tests. No test showed a relationship using natural pupils under either lighting condition. Chart tests are unsuitable for uncovering contrast sensitivity differences related to differences in spherical aberration, as typically found in healthy phakic eyes.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yum JH, Choi SK, Kim JH, Lee DH. Comparison of Aberrations in Korean Normal Eyes Measured With Two Different Aberrometers. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2009. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2009.50.12.1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Yum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Suk Kyue Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Do Hyung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|