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Jutai JW, Hatoum F, Bhardwaj D, Hosseini M. Implementation of digital health technologies for older adults: a scoping review. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1349520. [PMID: 38784681 PMCID: PMC11112488 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1349520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The critical importance of technological innovation in home care for older adults is indisputable. Less well understood is the question of how to measure its performance and impact on the delivery of healthcare to older adults who are living with chronic illness and disability. Knowing how well digital technologies, such as smartphones, tablets, wearable devices, and Ambient Assisted Living Technologies (AAL) systems "work" should certainly include assessing their impact on older adults' health and ability to function in daily living but that will not guarantee that it will necessarily be adopted by the user or implemented by a healthcare facility or the healthcare system. Technology implementation is a process of planned and guided activities to launch, introduce and support technologies in a certain context to innovate or improve healthcare, which delivers the evidence for adoption and upscaling a technology in healthcare practices. Factors in addition to user acceptance and clinical effectiveness require investigation. Failure to appreciate these factors can result in increased likelihood of technology rejection or protracted procurement decision at the "adoption decision" stage or delayed or incomplete implementation or discontinuance (following initial adoption) during implementation. The aim of our research to analyze research studies on the effectiveness of digital health technologies for older adults to answer the question, "How well do these studies address factors that affect the implementation of technology?" We found common problems with the conceptualization, design, and methodology in studies of digital technology that have contributed to the slow pace of implementation in home care and long-term care. We recommend a framework for improving the quality of research in this critical area. Systematic Review Registration: https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-f56rb-v1, identifier osf-registrations-f56rb-v1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Jutai
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences and AGE-WELL Network of Centres of Excellence, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Farah Hatoum
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Devvrat Bhardwaj
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marjan Hosseini
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and AGE-WELL Network of Centres of Excellence, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Pirzada P, Wilde A, Doherty GH, Harris-Birtill D. Ethics and acceptance of smart homes for older adults. Inform Health Soc Care 2021; 47:10-37. [PMID: 34240661 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2021.1923500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Societal challenges associated with caring for the physical and mental health of older adults worldwide have grown at an unprecedented pace, increasing demand for health-care services and technologies Despite the development of several assistive systems tailored to older adults, the rate of adoption of health technologies is low. This review discusses the ethical and acceptability challenges resulting in low adoption of health technologies specifically focused on smart homes for older adults. The findings have been structured in two categories: Ethical Considerations (Privacy, Social Support, and Autonomy) and Technology Aspects (User Context, Usability, and Training). The findings conclude that older adults community is more likely to adopt assistive systems when four key criteria are met. The technology should: be personalized toward their needs, protect their dignity and independence, provide user control, and not be isolating. Finally, we recommend researchers and developers working on assistive systems to: (1) provide interfaces via smart devices to control and configure the monitoring system with feedback for the user, (2) include various sensors/devices to architect a smart home solution in a way that is easy to integrate in daily life, and (3) define policies about data ownership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pireh Pirzada
- School of Computer Science, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Adriana Wilde
- Centre for Health Technologies, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Department of Digital Technologies, University of Winchester, Winchester, UK
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Choukou MA, Shortly T, Leclerc N, Freier D, Lessard G, Demers L, Auger C. Evaluating the acceptance of ambient assisted living technology (AALT) in rehabilitation: A scoping review. Int J Med Inform 2021; 150:104461. [PMID: 33892446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2021.104461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ambient assisted living technologies (AALTs) are being used to help community-dwelling older adults (OAs) age in place. Although many AALT are available, their acceptance (perceived usefulness, ease of use, intention to use and actual usage) is needed to improve their design and impact. This study aims to 1) identify AALTs that underwent an acceptance evaluation in rehabilitation contexts, 2) identify methodological tools and approaches to measure acceptance in ambient assisted living (AAL) in rehabilitation research, and 3) summarize AALT acceptance results in existing rehabilitation literature with a focus on peer-reviewed scientific articles. METHODS A scoping review was conducted in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Cinahl, and PsycInfo, following the Arksey and O'Malley framework (2009). Four acceptance attributes were extracted: 'user acceptance', 'perceived usefulness', 'ease of use', and 'intention to use'. Data regarding AALT, participants, acceptance evaluation methods and results were extracted. RESULTS A total of 21 articles were included among 634 studies retrieved from the literature. We identified 51 AALTs dedicated to various rehabilitation contexts, most of which focused on monitoring OAs' activities and environmental changes. Acceptance of AALT was evaluated using interviews, questionnaires, focus groups, informal feedback, observation, card sort tasks, and surveys. Although OAs intend to use - or can perceive the usefulness of - AALTs, they are hesitant to accept the technology and have concerns about its adoption. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The assessment of AALT acceptance in contexts of rehabilitation requires more comprehensive and standardized methodologies. The use of mixed-methods research is encouraged to cover the needs of particular studies. The timing of acceptance assessment should be considered throughout technology development phases to maximize AALT implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Choukou
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada; Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada.
| | - Taylor Shortly
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Nicole Leclerc
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Derek Freier
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Genevieve Lessard
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of the Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), 6363 Hudson Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3S 1M9, Canada
| | - Louise Demers
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Centre Intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Claudine Auger
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of the Greater Montreal (CRIR), Institut universitaire sur la réadaptation en déficience physique de Montréal (IURDPM), 6363 Hudson Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3S 1M9, Canada; School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Choi YK, Thompson HJ, Demiris G. Internet-of-Things Smart Home Technology to Support Aging-in-Place: Older Adults' Perceptions and Attitudes. J Gerontol Nurs 2021; 47:15-21. [PMID: 34038251 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20210310-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to examine older adults' perceptions of Internet-of-Things (IoT) smart home devices as part of a real-world feasibility study and describe what factors affect adoption of these technologies. A total of 37 community-dwelling older adults enrolled in the 2-month study. Participants chose among different IoT devices to be installed in their home for the study period. Semi-structured interviews to explore perceptions of the technology were conducted. Older adults have unique preferences for specific types of IoT devices and their functionalities. Similarly, there were different degrees of acceptability across devices. In general, older adults had a positive attitude toward IoT smart home technologies to support their health management. Emergency preparedness was a key benefit of IoT devices identified by many older adults. In addition, convenience of a voice interface provided by a smart speaker was appreciated among participants. Older adults seemed to weigh the benefits and actual need for having the devices against potential infringements on privacy. Nurses and system designers should consider ethical and practical challenges related to the interconnected services of the IoT domain for older adults. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47(4), 15-21.].
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Choi YK, Thompson HJ, Demiris G. Use of an Internet-of-Things Smart Home System for Healthy Aging in Older Adults in Residential Settings: Pilot Feasibility Study. JMIR Aging 2020; 3:e21964. [PMID: 33170128 PMCID: PMC7685915 DOI: 10.2196/21964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies can create smart residences that integrate technology within the home to enhance residents’ safety as well as monitor their health and wellness. However, there has been little research on real-world testing of IoT smart home devices with older adults, and the feasibility and acceptance of such tools have not been systematically examined. Objective This study aims to conduct a pilot study to investigate the feasibility of using IoT smart home devices in the actual residences of older adults to facilitate healthy aging. Methods We conducted a 2-month feasibility study on community-dwelling older adults. Participants chose among different IoT devices to be installed and deployed within their homes. The IoT devices tested varied depending on the participant’s preference: a door and window sensor, a multipurpose sensor (motion, temperature, luminosity, and humidity), a voice-operated smart speaker, and an internet protocol (IP) video camera. Results We recruited a total of 37 older adults for this study, with 35 (95%) successfully completing all procedures in the 2-month study. The average age of the sample was 78 (SD 9) years and primarily comprised women (29/37, 78%), those who were educated (31/37, 86%; bachelor’s degree or higher), and those affected by chronic conditions (33/37, 89%). The most widely chosen devices among the participants were multipurpose sensors and smart speakers. An IP camera was a significantly unpopular choice among participants in both phases. The participant feedback suggests that perceived privacy concerns, perceived usefulness, and curiosity to technology were strong factors when considering which device to have installed in their home. Conclusions Overall, our deployment results revealed that the use of IoT smart home devices is feasible in actual residences of older adults. These findings may inform the follow-up assessment of IoT technologies and their impact on health-related outcomes and advance our understanding of the role of IoT home-based monitoring technologies to promote successful aging-in-place for older adults. Future trials should consider older adults’ preferences for the different types of smart home devices to be installed in real-world residential settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong K Choi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | | | - George Demiris
- Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
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Choi YK, Lazar A, Demiris G, Thompson HJ. Emerging Smart Home Technologies to Facilitate Engaging With Aging. J Gerontol Nurs 2020; 45:41-48. [PMID: 31755542 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20191105-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Engaging with aging (EWA), the ongoing process of an individual to identify resources and implement adaptive strategies to maximize quality of life, may be enhanced by advances in information technology and adaptive upgrades to the built environment. Smart home technologies (SmHT) introduce passive monitoring features into the residential infrastructure to promote older adults' ability to manage day-to-day living and age in place. This article provides an overview of current and emerging SmHT and discusses opportunities to leverage this technology for enhancing the capacity of older adults to engage with their own aging. There are opportunities to create smart homes that enhance physical and cognitive capacity for older adults, but there are also ethical and practical challenges that will inform the design of future smart home systems. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45(12), 41-48.].
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Reeder B, Chung J, Lyden K, Winters J, Jankowski CM. Older women’s perceptions of wearable and smart home activity sensors. Inform Health Soc Care 2019; 45:96-109. [DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2019.1582054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Blaine Reeder
- College of Nursing, University of Colorado
- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jane Chung
- Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kate Lyden
- KAL Research
- Consulting, Denver, CO, USA
- Kinesiology Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Joshua Winters
- Sports Medicine Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Cook PF, Schmiege SJ, Reeder B, Horton-Deutsch S, Lowe NK, Meek P. Temporal Immediacy: A Two-System Theory of Mind for Understanding and Changing Health Behaviors. Nurs Res 2019; 67:108-121. [PMID: 29489632 PMCID: PMC8592031 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health promotion and chronic disease management both require behavior change, but people find it hard to change behavior despite having good intentions. The problem arises because patients' narratives about experiences and intentions are filtered through memory and language. These narratives inaccurately reflect intuitive decision-making or actual behaviors. OBJECTIVES We propose a principle-temporal immediacy-as a moderator variable that explains which of two mental systems (narrative or intuitive) will be activated in any given situation. We reviewed multiple scientific areas to test temporal immediacy as an explanation for findings. METHODS In an iterative process, we used evidence from philosophy, cognitive neuroscience, behavioral economics, symptom science, and ecological momentary assessment to develop our theoretical perspective. These perspectives each suggest two cognitive systems that differ in their level of temporal immediacy: an intuitive system that produces behavior in response to everyday states and a narrative system that interprets and explains these experiences after the fact. FINDINGS Writers from Plato onward describe two competing influences on behavior-often with moral overtones. People tend to identify with the language-based narrative system and blame unhelpful results on the less accessible intuitive system, but neither is completely rational, and the intuitive system has strengths based on speed and serial processing. The systems differ based on temporal immediacy-the description of an experience as either "now" or "usually"-with the intuitive system generating behaviors automatically in real time and the narrative system producing beliefs about the past or future. DISCUSSION The principle of temporal immediacy is a tool to integrate nursing science with other disciplinary traditions and to improve research and practice. Interventions should build on each system's strengths, rather than treating the intuitive system as a barrier for the narrative system to overcome. Nursing researchers need to study the roles and effects of both systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Cook
- Paul F. Cook, PhD, is Associate Professor; Sarah J. Schmiege, PhD, is Associate Professor; Blaine Reeder, PhD, is Assistant Professor; Sara Horton-Deutsch, PhD, RN, PMHCNS, FAAN, ANEF, is Professor; Nancy K. Lowe, PhD, CNM, FACNM, FAAN, is Professor; and Paula Meek, PhD, RN, FAAN, is Professor, College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Aurora
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Lapierre N, Meunier J, St-Arnaud A, Rousseau J. An intelligent video-monitoring system to detect falls: a proof of concept. JOURNAL OF ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/jet-04-2018-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
To face the challenges raised by the high incidence of falls among older adults, the intelligent video-monitoring system (IVS), a fall detection system that respects privacy, was developed. Most fall detection systems are tested only in laboratories. The purpose of this paper is to test the IVS in a simulation context (apartment-laboratory), then at home.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is a proof of concept including two phases: a simulation study to test the IVS in an apartment-laboratory (29 scenarios of activities including falls); and a 28-day pre-test at home with two young occupants. The IVS’s sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), accuracy (A) and error rate (E) in the apartment-laboratory were calculated, and functioning at home was documented in a logbook.
Findings
For phase 1, results are: Se =91.67 per cent, Sp =99.02 per cent, A=98.25 per cent, E=1.75. For phase 2, the IVS triggered four false alarms and some technical dysfunctions appeared (e.g. computer screen never turning off) that are easily overcome.
Practical implications
Results show the IVS’s efficacy at automatically detecting falls at home. Potential issues related to future installation in older adults’ homes were identified. This proof of concept led to recommendations about the installation and calibration of a camera-based fall detection system.
Originality/value
This paper highlights the potentialities of a camera-based fall detection system in real-world contexts and supports the use of the IVS to help older adults age in place.
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Chung J, Demiris G, Thompson HJ, Chen K, Burr R, Patel S, Fogarty J. Feasibility testing of a home‐based sensor system to monitor mobility and daily activities in Korean American older adults. Int J Older People Nurs 2016; 12. [DOI: 10.1111/opn.12127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Chung
- College of Nursing University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - George Demiris
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems and Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education Schools of Nursing and MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Hilaire J. Thompson
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems School of NursingUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | | | - Robert Burr
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems School of NursingUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Shwetak Patel
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - James Fogarty
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA USA
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Chung J, Thompson HJ, Joe J, Hall A, Demiris G. Examining Korean and Korean American older adults’ perceived acceptability of home-based monitoring technologies in the context of culture. Inform Health Soc Care 2016; 42:61-76. [DOI: 10.3109/17538157.2016.1160244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bowles KH, Dykes P, Demiris G. The use of health information technology to improve care and outcomes for older adults. Res Gerontol Nurs 2015; 8:5-10. [PMID: 25625621 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20121222-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wild KV, Mattek N, Austin D, Kaye JA. "Are You Sure?": Lapses in Self-Reported Activities Among Healthy Older Adults Reporting Online. J Appl Gerontol 2015; 35:627-41. [PMID: 25669877 DOI: 10.1177/0733464815570667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate retrospective reporting of activities and symptoms has been shown to be problematic for older adults, yet standard clinical care relies on self-reports to aid in assessment and management. Our aim was to examine the relationship between self-report and sensor-based measures of activity. We administered an online activity survey to participants in our ongoing longitudinal study of in-home ubiquitous monitoring. We found a wide range of accuracies when comparing self-report with time-stamped sensor-based data. Of the 95 participants who completed the 2-hr activity log, nearly one quarter did not complete the task in a way that could potentially be compared with sensor data. Where comparisons were possible, agreement between self-reported and sensor-based activity was achieved by a minority of participants. The findings suggest that capture of real-time events with unobtrusive activity monitoring may be a more reliable approach to describing behavioral patterns and meaningful changes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nora Mattek
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA Portland Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Portland, USA
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Reeder B, Whitehouse K. Sensor-based detection of gait speed in older adults: an integrative review. Res Gerontol Nurs 2014; 8:12-27. [PMID: 25420184 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20141120-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gait speed is an indicator of functional change in older adults. One approach to support older adults' preferences to "age in place" is through the use of technology to monitor gait speed in everyday life. The authors of the current article conducted an integrative review of the scientific literature to summarize the current state of gait speed detection technologies. A total of 539 articles were returned from searches, and 16 were included in the review. Technologies were categorized as body-worn or home-installed sensors. Evidence was classified as emerging (n = 8) or promising (n = 8). Gait speed technology research has advanced beyond the use of customized research hardware prototypes, and consumer technologies are now commonly used in gait speed research. However, a need exists for software systems that integrate data for analysis and presentation to stakeholders with different information needs. Future research should focus on approaches to integrate disparate data sources and visualizations of gait speed data.
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Reeder B, Chung J, Le T, Thompson H, Demiris G. Assessing older adults' perceptions of sensor data and designing visual displays for ambient environments. An exploratory study. Methods Inf Med 2014; 53:152-9. [PMID: 24728081 DOI: 10.3414/me13-02-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on "Using Data from Ambient Assisted Living and Smart Homes in Electronic Health Records". OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to: 1) characterize older adult participants' perceived usefulness of in-home sensor data and 2) develop novel visual displays for sensor data from Ambient Assisted Living environments that can become part of electronic health records. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with community-dwelling older adult participants during three and six-month visits. We engaged participants in two design iterations by soliciting feedback about display types and visual displays of simulated data related to a fall scenario. Interview transcripts were analyzed to identify themes related to perceived usefulness of sensor data. RESULTS Thematic analysis identified three themes: perceived usefulness of sensor data for managing health; factors that affect perceived usefulness of sensor data and; perceived usefulness of visual displays. Visual displays were cited as potentially useful for family members and health care providers. Three novel visual displays were created based on interview results, design guidelines derived from prior AAL research, and principles of graphic design theory. CONCLUSIONS Participants identified potential uses of personal activity data for monitoring health status and capturing early signs of illness. One area for future research is to determine how visual displays of AAL data might be utilized to connect family members and health care providers through shared understanding of activity levels versus a more simplified view of self-management. Connecting informal and formal caregiving networks may facilitate better communication between older adults, family members and health care providers for shared decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Reeder
- Blaine Reeder, College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop C288-19, 13120 E 19th Ave, Education 2 North, Aurora, CO 80045, USA, E-mail:
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