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Bakaliou A, Georgakopoulos C, Tsilimbaris M, Farmakakis N. Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Its Role in the Evolution of Dry to Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:879-885. [PMID: 36960325 PMCID: PMC10029933 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s403242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine the state of the posterior vitreous in eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration, AMD, non-exudative AMD and in normal eyes. Study This is a prospective, cross-sectional study. Methods B-scan ultrasonography and Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT were performed in 165 patients older than 65 years with any AMD and in 22 patients older than 65 years with normal eyes in order to diagnose the eyes with complete posterior vitreous detachment, PVD and the eyes with persistent central vitreomacular adhesion, VMA. All patients were selected from the outpatient clinic of the Ophthalmology Department in the University Hospital of Patras. Fundus Fluoroangiography, FFA was used in order to determine the development of exudative AMD from non-exudative AMD. Follow up time was 48 months. Results 16/171 eyes with exudative AMD (9.36%) had complete PVD, and the rest 155/171 (90.64%) had central VMA. Eleven of 138 eyes with non-exudative AMD (7.97%) had complete PVD and the remaining 127 eyes (92.03%) had central VMA. During the 48 months of the study, 28 eyes, all with central VMA progressed to exudative AMD. Conclusion Vitreomacular adhesion is associated with both exudative and non-exudative AMD. Progression of the non-exudative eyes to exudative AMD seems to be lower in eyes with complete PVD. On the other hand, the progression of normal eyes to exudative AMD appears to be independent of the posterior vitreous status. Larger and longer studies need to replicate these findings and support the potential of a protective role of complete posterior vitreous detachment in the evolution of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Bakaliou
- Ophthalmology Department, Medical School of Patras, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Constantine Georgakopoulos
- Ophthalmology Department, Medical School of Patras, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Correspondence: Constantine Georgakopoulos, Email
| | - Miltiadis Tsilimbaris
- Ophthalmology Department, Medical School of Crete, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Farmakakis
- Ophthalmology Department, Medical School of Patras, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Toyama T, Hashimoto Y, Kawai H, Azuma K, Shiraya T, Araki F, Sugimoto K, Watanabe Y, Hirano H, Fujiwara Y, Ihara K, Kim H, Kato S, Numaga J, Obuchi S, Ueta T. Continued smoking and posterior vitreous adhesion in the elderly evaluated on swept-source optical coherence tomography. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18460. [PMID: 33116238 PMCID: PMC7595182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this cross-sectional study including 1150 eyes of 681 volunteers ≧ 65 years old without retinal pathology, factors affecting the progression of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) were investigated.
PVD stages were diagnosed based on swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Linear mixed effect model was used to determine whether age, gender, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia (DL), and smoking status were associated with various stages of PVD. As a result, the multivariable analysis disclosed that the associations between older age and higher PVD stages (estimate [95% CI], 0.031 [0.020 to 0.042]; P < 0.0001), and current smokers and lower PVD stages (estimate [95% CI], − 0.24 [− 0.43 to − 0.056]; P = 0.011) were statistically significant. In contrast, female gender was not an independent factor affecting PVD stages in the elderly. Our analysis indicated that higher PVD stages observed in female eyes may be due to confounding effect, in which current smokers were predominantly males (i.e., 12.6% among males vs. 3.9% among females, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, our findings suggest that continuous smoking is associated with an adherent vitreoretinal interface in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Toyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Hashimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Azuma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Shiraya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Araki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Sugimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Numaga
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1, Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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Mohan A, Venkatesh R. Commentary: Interfere with the interface? Indian J Ophthalmol 2018; 66:1808. [PMID: 30451183 PMCID: PMC6256873 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1191_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Mohan
- Department of Vitreoretina, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,Correspondence to: Dr. Ashwin Mohan, 121/c Chord Road, 1st Block, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru - 560 022, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - Ramesh Venkatesh
- Department of Vitreoretina, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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