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Yan X, Gong Z, Pan R, Wang H, Tang H, He H, Wen S, Fu Y, Dong J. Synergistic Effect and Mechanism of Apoptosis Induction by Morphine and the HIV-1gp120V3 Loop in Hippocampal Neurons. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2022; 17:165-180. [PMID: 33791922 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-021-09989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a collective name for neurological disorders associated with HIV-1 infection. The incidence and severity of HAND are increased by concomitant opioid use disorder, such as heroin and morphine abuse. Our previous study showed that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 and morphine synergistically induce apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We hypothesized that morphine and gp120 activated the neuronal apoptosis signaling pathway via their typical membrane receptors. If they shared key signaling molecules, their induction of neuronal apoptosis could be inhibited by blocking these targets. We found that morphine and gp120V3 loop synergistically induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis, mediated by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, increasing the intracellular Ca2 + concentration and expression of caspase-, and reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential. The ERK inhibitor PD98509 and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activator IGF-1 blocked this effect. These results indicate that ERK plays a crucial role in the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huili Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haijie Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hanyang He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Saixian Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongmei Fu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, school of Basic medical science and Public health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong Province, China.
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2
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Omeragic A, Kayode O, Hoque MT, Bendayan R. Potential pharmacological approaches for the treatment of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders. Fluids Barriers CNS 2020; 17:42. [PMID: 32650790 PMCID: PMC7350632 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-020-00204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are the spectrum of cognitive impairments present in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The number of patients affected with HAND ranges from 30 to 50% of HIV infected individuals and although the development of combinational antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved longevity, HAND continues to pose a significant clinical problem as the current standard of care does not alleviate or prevent HAND symptoms. At present, the pathological mechanisms contributing to HAND remain unclear, but evidence suggests that it stems from neuronal injury due to chronic release of neurotoxins, chemokines, viral proteins, and proinflammatory cytokines secreted by HIV-1 activated microglia, macrophages and astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) not only serves as a route for HIV-1 entry into the brain but also prevents cART therapy from reaching HIV-1 brain reservoirs, and therefore could play an important role in HAND. The goal of this review is to discuss the current data on the epidemiology, pathology and research models of HAND as well as address the potential pharmacological treatment approaches that are being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amila Omeragic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Room 1001, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Olanre Kayode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Room 1001, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Md Tozammel Hoque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Room 1001, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Reina Bendayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Room 1001, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada.
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3
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Yu Y, Shen Q, Lai Y, Park SY, Ou X, Lin D, Jin M, Zhang W. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Curcumin in Microglial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:386. [PMID: 29731715 PMCID: PMC5922181 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) induces neuroinflammatory molecules, contributing to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, suppression of neuroinflammatory molecules could be developed as a therapeutic method. Although previous data supports an immune-modulating effect of curcumin, the underlying signaling pathways are largely unidentified. Here, we investigated curcumin’s anti-neuroinflammatory properties in LTA-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and Nitric Oxide (NO] secretion in LTA-induced microglial cells were inhibited by curcumin. Curcumin also inhibited LTA-induced inducible NO synthases (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. Subsequently, our mechanistic studies revealed that curcumin inhibited LTA-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) including ERK, p38, Akt and translocation of NF-κB. Furthermore, curcumin induced hemeoxygenase (HO)-1HO-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) expression in microglial cells. Inhibition of HO-1 reversed the inhibition effect of HO-1 on inflammatory mediators release in LTA-stimulated microglial cells. Taken together, our results suggest that curcumin could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders via suppressing neuroinflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yu
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihong Lai
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sun Y Park
- Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Xingmei Ou
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongxu Lin
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Jin
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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Ding F, Li F, Li Y, Hou X, Ma Y, Zhang N, Ma J, Zhang R, Lang B, Wang H, Wang Y. HSP60 mediates the neuroprotective effects of curcumin by suppressing microglial activation. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:823-828. [PMID: 27446282 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has been widely used to treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of curcumin are not well known. In the present study, the effect of curcumin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 mouse microglia cells was investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of the culture medium and western blotting of cell lysates. The results showed that curcumin significantly inhibited the LPS-induced expression and release of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in the BV2 cells. The level of heat shock factor (HSF)-1 was upregulated in LPS-activated BV2 microglia, indicating that the increased expression of HSP60 was driven by HSF-1 activation. However, the increased HSF-1 level was downregulated by curcumin. Extracellular HSP60 is a ligand of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), and the level of the latter was increased in the LPS-activated BV2 microglia and inhibited by curcumin. The activation of TLR-4 is known to be associated with the activation of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, with the subsequent production of proinflammatory and neurotoxic factors. In the present study, curcumin demonstrated marked suppression of the LPS-induced expression of MyD88, NF-κB, caspase-3, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the microglia. These results indicate that curcumin may exert its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting microglial activation through the HSP60/TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling wpathway. Therefore, curcumin may be useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases that are associated with microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijia Ding
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yunhong Li
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Bing Lang
- Department of ICU, The First People's Hospital of Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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Shen LL, Jiang ML, Liu SS, Cai MC, Hong ZQ, Lin LQ, Xing YY, Chen GL, Pan R, Yang LJ, Xu Y, Dong J. Curcumin improves synaptic plasticity impairment induced by HIV-1gp120 V3 loop. Neural Regen Res 2015. [PMID: 26199609 PMCID: PMC4498354 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has been shown to significantly improve spatial memory impairment induced by HIV-1 gp120 V3 in rats, but the electrophysiological mechanism remains unknown. Using extracellular microelectrode recording techniques, this study confirmed that the gp120 V3 loop could suppress long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampal CA1 region and synaptic plasticity, and that curcumin could antagonize these inhibitory effects. Using a Fura-2/AM calcium ion probe, we found that curcumin resisted the effects of the gp120 V3 loop on hippocampal synaptosomes and decreased Ca2+ concentration in synaptosomes. This effect of curcumin was identical to nimodipine, suggesting that curcumin improved the inhibitory effects of gp120 on synaptic plasticity, ameliorated damage caused to the central nervous system, and might be a potential neuroprotective drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming-Liang Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si-Si Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min-Chun Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Hong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Qing Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gui-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Juan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Xu
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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6
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Li J, Wang F, Ding H, Jin C, Chen J, Zhao Y, Li X, Chen W, Sun P, Tan Y, Zhang Q, Wang X, Fan A, Hua Q. Geniposide, the component of the Chinese herbal formula Tongluojiunao, protects amyloid-β peptide (1-42-mediated death of hippocampal neurons via the non-classical estrogen signaling pathway. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:474-80. [PMID: 25206841 PMCID: PMC4153512 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.130063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongluojiunao (TLJN) is an herbal medicine consisting of two main components, geniposide and ginsenoside Rg1. TLJN has been shown to protect primary cultured hippocampal neurons. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, primary cultured hippocampal neurons treated with Aβ1–42 (10 µmol/L) significantly increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase, which was markedly reduced by TLJN (2 µL/mL), specifically by the component geniposide (26 µmol/L), but not ginsenoside Rg1 (2.5 µmol/L). The estrogen receptor inhibitor, ICI182780 (1 µmol/L), did not block TLJN- or geniposide-mediated decrease of lactate dehydrogenase under Aβ1–42-exposed conditions. However, the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase or mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway inhibitor, LY294002 (50 µmol/L) or U0126 (10 µmol/L), respectively blocked the decrease of lactate dehydrogenase mediated by TLJN or geniposide. Therefore, these results suggest that the non-classical estrogen pathway (i.e., phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase or mitogen-activated protein kinase) is involved in the neuroprotective effect of TLJN, specifically its component, geniposide, against Aβ1–42-mediated cell death in primary cultured hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haimin Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Jin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyan Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenju Chen
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Sun
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Angran Fan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Hua
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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7
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Tang H, Pan R, Fang W, Xing Y, Chen D, Chen X, Yu Y, Wang J, Gong Z, Xiong G, Dong J. Curcumin ameliorates hippocampal neuron damage induced by human immunodeficiency virus-1. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:1368-75. [PMID: 25206431 PMCID: PMC4107768 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.15.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that infection with the gp120 V3 loop can cause human immunodeficiency virus-1 associated neurocognitive disorders. Curcumin has been shown to improve these effects to some degree, but the precise mechanisms remain unknown. The present study analyzed the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of curcumin in relation to hippocampal neurons. Results showed that 1 nmol/L gp120 V3 loop suppressed the growth of synapses. After administration of 1 μmol/L curcumin, synaptic growth improved. Curcumin is neuroprotective against gp120 V3 loop-induced neuronal damage by inhibiting the activation of L-type calcium currents, relieving intracellular Ca(2+) overload, promoting Bcl-2 expression, and inhibiting Bax activation. The effect of curcumin was identical to nimodipine, suggesting that curcumin has the same neuroprotective effects against gp120 V3 loop-induced neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health of Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenli Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanyan Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health of Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- STD/AIDS Research Lab, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaobao Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junbing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health of Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health of Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guoyin Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health of Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China ; Joint Laboratory for Brain Function and Health of Jinan University and the University of Hong Kong, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong Province, China
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8
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Guo L, Xing Y, Pan R, Jiang M, Gong Z, Lin L, Wang J, Xiong G, Dong J. Curcumin protects microglia and primary rat cortical neurons against HIV-1 gp120-mediated inflammation and apoptosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70565. [PMID: 23936448 PMCID: PMC3735595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a molecule found in turmeric root that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties and has been widely used as both an herbal drug and a food additive to treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. To explore whether curcumin is able to ameliorate HIV-1-associated neurotoxicity, we treated a murine microglial cell line (N9) and primary rat cortical neurons with curcumin in the presence or absence of neurotoxic HIV-1 gp120 (V3 loop) protein. We found that HIV-1 gp120 profoundly induced N9 cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). HIV-1 gp120 also induced apoptosis of primary rat cortical neurons. Curcumin exerted a powerful inhibitory effect against HIV-1 gp120-induced neuronal damage, reducing the production of ROS, TNF-α and MCP-1 by N9 cells and inhibiting apoptosis of primary rat cortical neurons. Curcumin may exert its biological activities through inhibition of the delayed rectification and transient outward potassium (K(+)) current, as curcumin effectively reduced HIV-1 gp120-mediated elevation of the delayed rectification and transient outward K(+) channel current in neurons. We conclude that HIV-1 gp120 increases ROS, TNF-α and MCP-1 production in microglia, and induces cortical neuron apoptosis by affecting the delayed rectification and transient outward K(+) channel current. Curcumin reduces production of ROS and inflammatory mediators in HIV-1-gp120-stimulated microglia, and protects cortical neurons against HIV-1-mediated apoptosis, most likely through inhibition of HIV-1 gp120-induced elevation of the delayed rectification and transient outward K(+) current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Guo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanyan Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mingliang Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liqing Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junbing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guoyin Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Brain Research, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail:
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