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Xu W, Yang Y, Yu Y, Wen C, Zhao S, Cao L, Zhao S, Qin Y, Chen ZJ. FAAP100 is required for the resolution of transcription-replication conflicts in primordial germ cells. BMC Biol 2023; 21:174. [PMID: 37580696 PMCID: PMC10426154 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maintenance of genome stability in primordial germ cells (PGCs) is crucial for the faithful transmission of genetic information and the establishment of reproductive reserve. Numerous studies in recent decades have linked the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway with fertility, particularly PGC development. However, the role of FAAP100, an essential component of the FA core complex, in germ cell development is unexplored. RESULTS We find that FAAP100 plays an essential role in R-loop resolution and replication fork protection to counteract transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs) during mouse PGC proliferation. FAAP100 deletion leads to FA pathway inactivation, increases TRCs as well as cotranscriptional R-loops, and contributes to the collapse of replication forks and the generation of DNA damage. Then, the activated p53 signaling pathway triggers PGC proliferation defects, ultimately resulting in insufficient establishment of reproductive reserve in both sexes of mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that FAAP100 is required for the resolution of TRCs in PGCs to safeguard their genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yongze Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Canxin Wen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Simin Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Cao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shidou Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.2021RU001), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China.
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, China.
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2
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Hurník P, Putnová BM, Ševčíková T, Hrubá E, Putnová I, Škarda J, Havel M, Res O, Cvek J, Buchtová M, Štembírek J. Metastasising ameloblastoma or ameloblastic carcinoma? A case report with mutation analyses. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:563. [PMID: 37573343 PMCID: PMC10423427 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ameloblastic carcinoma and metastasising ameloblastoma are rare epithelial odontogenic tumours with aggressive features. Distinguishing between these two lesions is often clinically difficult but necessary to predict tumour behaviour or to plan future therapy. Here, we provide a brief review of the literature available on these two types of lesions and present a new case report of a young man with an ameloblastoma displaying metastatic features. We also use this case to illustrate the similarities and differences between these two types of tumours and the difficulties of their differential diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION Our histopathological analyses uncovered a metastasising tumour with features of ameloblastic carcinoma, which developed from the ameloblastoma. We profiled the gene expression of Wnt pathway members in ameloblastoma sample of this patient, because multiple molecules of this pathway are involved in the establishing of cell polarity, cell migration or for epithelial-mesenchymal transition during tumour metastasis to evaluate features of tumor behaviour. Indeed, we found upregulation of several cell migration-related genes in our patient. Moreover, we uncovered somatic mutation BRAF p.V600E with known pathological role in cancerogenesis and germline heterozygous FANCA p.S858R mutation, whose interpretation in this context has not been discussed yet. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have uncovered a unique case of ameloblastic carcinoma associated with an alteration of Wnt signalling and the presence of BRAF mutation. Development of harmful state of our patient might be also supported by the germline mutation in one FANCA allele, however this has to be confirmed by further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hurník
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Moldovan Putnová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Ševčíková
- Department of Hematooncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Hrubá
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Putnová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Škarda
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Havel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Res
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cvek
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Štembírek
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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Study on the role of SLC14A1 gene in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17064. [PMID: 36257969 PMCID: PMC9579171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignant disease among men and biochemical recurrence (BCR) is considered to be a decisive risk factor for clinical recurrence and PCa metastasis. Clarifying the genes related to BCR and its possible pathways is vital for providing diagnosis and treatment methods to delay the progress of BCR. An analysis of data concerning PCa from previous datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used to evaluate the expression of SLC14A1 in prostate tissues. Kaplan-Meier analysis, Pearson correlation, and single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) were used to identify the potential pathway and molecular mechanism of the function of SLC14A1 in BCR of PCa. The expression of SLC14A1 is significantly reduced in prostate cancer cells and tissue comparing to normal prostate epithelial cell and para-cancerous tissue. As indicated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, High expression of SLC14A1 could increase the BCR-free survival time of PCa patients. This effect might be related to the interaction with miRNAs (has-miR-508, has-mir-514a2, and has-mir-449a) and the infiltration of B cells. SLC14A1 is a novel important gene associated with BCR of PCa, and further studies of its molecular mechanism may delay the progress of BCR.
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[Research progress of Fanconi anemia and DNA interstrand crosslink repair]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:173-176. [PMID: 35381685 PMCID: PMC8980637 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Choi YY, Shin SJ, Lee JE, Madlensky L, Lee ST, Park JS, Jo JH, Kim H, Nachmanson D, Xu X, Noh SH, Cheong JH, Harismendy O. Prevalence of cancer susceptibility variants in patients with multiple Lynch syndrome related cancers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14807. [PMID: 34285288 PMCID: PMC8292343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with early-onset cancers, multiple primary cancers (MPCs) are likely resulting from increased genetic susceptibility; however, the associated predisposition genes or prevalence of the pathogenic variants genes in MPC patients are often unknown. We screened 71 patients with MPC of the stomach, colorectal, and endometrium, sequencing 65 cancer predisposition genes. A subset of 19 patients with early-onset MPC of stomach and colorectum were further evaluated for variants in cancer related genes using both normal and tumor whole exome sequencing. Among 71 patients with MPCs, variants classified to be pathogenic were observed in 15 (21.1%) patients and affected Lynch Syndrome (LS) genes: MLH1 (n = 10), MSH6 (n = 2), PMS2 (n = 2), and MSH2 (n = 1). All carriers had tumors with high microsatellite instability and 13 of them (86.7%) were early-onset, consistent with LS. In 19 patients with early-onset MPCs, loss of function (LoF) variants in RECQL5 were more prevalent in non-LS MPC than in matched sporadic cancer patients (OR = 31.6, 2.73–1700.6, p = 0.001). Additionally, there were high-confidence LoF variants at FANCG and CASP8 in two patients accompanied by somatic loss of heterozygosity in tumor, respectively. The results suggest that genetic screening should be considered for synchronous cancers and metachronous MPCs of the LS tumor spectrum, particularly in early-onset. Susceptibility variants in non-LS genes for MPC patients may exist, but evidence for their role is more elusive than for LS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Young Choi
- Department of Surgery, CHA University School of Medicine, Pocheon-si, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu,, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.,Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Shin
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lisa Madlensky
- Moores Cancer Center and Division of Biomedical Informatics Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 3855 Health Sciences Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Seung-Tae Lee
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Soo Park
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Jo
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunki Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daniela Nachmanson
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, USA
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Moores Cancer Center and Division of Biomedical Informatics Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 3855 Health Sciences Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Noh
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu,, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu,, Seoul, 120-752, Korea. .,Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University Health System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Olivier Harismendy
- Moores Cancer Center and Division of Biomedical Informatics Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 3855 Health Sciences Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Xia Q, Zhao LY, Yan YD, Liao Y, Di YS, Xiao XY. A Multiple Primary Malignancy Patient With FANCA Gene Mutation: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1199. [PMID: 32850347 PMCID: PMC7420727 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) refer to two or more primary malignant tumors in the same individual, the prevalence of which ranges from 0. 734 to 11.7%. The risk factors for MPMs vary and include both genetic and environmental causes. FANCA gene mutation might be a predisposition to the development of a second primary cancer. Here, we report a case in which a patient with a FANCA mutation developed thyroid papillary carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old woman was diagnosed with thyroid cancer underwent resection in 2006. In 2008, the patient developed gastric adenocarcinoma and underwent radical gastrectomy. Gastric cancer was completely remitted after radiochemotherapy, but metastasis developed, and she received immunotherapy. The patient died on October 27, 2019. Peripheral blood gene detection showed germline FANCA mutation. Conclusions: Gene detection is of great importance in cancer patients, especially in those with MPMs. FANCA mutation is a predisposition to tumorigenesis that can increase the risk of developing MPMs. Patients with heterozygous FANCA gene mutations have poorer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Yi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Dan Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-San Di
- Department of Oncology, Baoshan Branch Hospital, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Earl J, Galindo-Pumariño C, Encinas J, Barreto E, Castillo ME, Pachón V, Ferreiro R, Rodríguez-Garrote M, González-Martínez S, Ramon Y Cajal T, Diaz LR, Chirivella-Gonzalez I, Rodriguez M, de Castro EM, García-Seisdedos D, Muñoz G, Rosa JMR, Marquez M, Malats N, Carrato A. A comprehensive analysis of candidate genes in familial pancreatic cancer families reveals a high frequency of potentially pathogenic germline variants. EBioMedicine 2020; 53:102675. [PMID: 32113160 PMCID: PMC7100610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 5-year survival rate of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is around 5% due to the fact that the majority of patients present with advanced disease that is treatment resistant. Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) is a rare disorder that is defined as a family with at least two affected first degree relatives, with an estimated incidence of 4%-10%. The genetic basis is unknown in the majority of families although around 10%-13% of families carry germline mutations in known genes associated with hereditary cancer and pancreatitis syndromes. METHODS Panel sequencing was performed of 35 genes associated with hereditary cancer in 43 PDAC cases from families with an apparent hereditary pancreatic cancer syndrome. FINDINGS Pathogenic variants were identified in 19% (5/26) of PDAC cases from pure FPC families in the genes MLH1, CDKN2A, POLQ and FANCM. Low frequency potentially pathogenic VUS were also identified in 35% (9/26) of PDAC cases from FPC families in the genes FANCC, MLH1, PMS2, CFTR, APC and MUTYH. Furthermore, an important proportion of PDAC cases harboured more than one pathogenic, likely pathogenic or potentially pathogenic VUS, highlighting the multigene phenotype of FPC. INTERPRETATION The genetic basis of familial or hereditary pancreatic cancer can be explained in 21% of families by previously described hereditary cancer genes. Low frequency variants in other DNA repair genes are also present in 35% of families which may contribute to the risk of pancreatic cancer development. FUNDING This study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Plan Estatal de I + D + i 2013-2016): ISCIII (PI09/02221, PI12/01635, PI15/02101 and PI18/1034) and co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund ''A way to achieve Europe'' (ERDF), the Biomedical Research Network in Cancer: CIBERONC (CB16/12/00446), Red Temática de investigación cooperativa en cáncer: RTICC (RD12/0036/0073) and La Asociación Española contra el Cáncer: AECC (Grupos Coordinados Estables 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Earl
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Galindo-Pumariño
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Encinas
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Barreto
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria E Castillo
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Pachón
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Reyes Ferreiro
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Rodríguez-Garrote
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia González-Martínez
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ramon Y Cajal
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Creu i Sant Pau Hospital, Mas Casanovas, 90, 08041 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luis Robles Diaz
- Familial and Hereditary Cancer Unit. Medical Oncology Department, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Av. Cordoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Chirivella-Gonzalez
- Genetic Counselling Unit, Valencia University Hospital Clinic, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Montse Rodriguez
- A Coruña Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Teresa Herrera, Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Eva Martínez de Castro
- Medical Oncology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Av. Valdecilla, 25, 39008 Santander, Spain.
| | - David García-Seisdedos
- Translational Genomics Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Muñoz
- Translational Genomics Core Facility, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Rosa Rosa
- Pathology Department, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirari Marquez
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuría Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive Tumor Markers Group, Medical Oncology Research Laboratory, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Carretera Colmenar Km 9100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Network in Cancer (CIBERONC), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Fang CB, Wu HT, Zhang ML, Liu J, Zhang GJ. Fanconi Anemia Pathway: Mechanisms of Breast Cancer Predisposition Development and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:160. [PMID: 32300589 PMCID: PMC7142266 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of genomic stability is crucial for species survival, and its failure is closely associated with tumorigenesis. The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, involving 22 identified genes, plays a central role in repairing DNA interstrand cross-links. Importantly, a germline defect in any of these genes can cause Fanconi's anemia, a heterogeneous genetic disorder, characterized by congenital growth abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and predisposition to cancer. On the other hand, the breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, also known as FANCS and FANCD1, respectively, are involved in the FA pathway; hence, researchers have studied the association between the FA pathway and cancer predisposition. Here, we mainly focused on and systematically reviewed the clinical and mechanistic implications of the predisposition of individuals with abnormalities in the FA pathway to cancer, especially breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-Bin Fang
- Chang Jiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Man-Li Zhang
- Chang Jiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Chang Jiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Liu,
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Chang Jiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Cancer Center and the Department of Breast-Thyroid Surgery, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiang’an, China
- Guo-Jun Zhang, ;
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9
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Rao C, Nie L, Miao X, Lizaso A, Zhao G. Targeted sequencing identifies the mutational signature of double primary and metastatic malignancies: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2019; 14:101. [PMID: 31484545 PMCID: PMC6727526 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accurate identification of the tissue of origin is critical for optimal management of cancer patients particularly those who develop multiple malignancies; however, conventional diagnostic methods at times may fail to provide conclusive diagnosis of the origin of the malignancy. Herein, we describe the use of targeted sequencing in distinguishing the primary and metastatic tumors in a patient with metachronous malignancies in the lung, colon and kidney. CASE PRESENTATION In December 2016, a 55-year-old Chinese male was diagnosed with stage IB lung adenosquamous carcinoma and treated with left lower lobectomy and 4 cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy. After being disease-free for 3.5 months, three colonic polyps were discovered and were diagnosed as invasive adenocarcinoma after polypectomy. Within 5.4 months from the polypectomy, squamous cell renal carcinoma was identified and was managed by radical nephrectomy. Immunohistochemistry results were inconclusive on the origin of the kidney tumor. Hence, the three archived surgical tissue samples were sequenced using a targeted panel with 520 cancer-related genes. Analysis revealed similar mutational signature between the lung and kidney tumors and a distinct mutational profile for the colon tumor, suggesting that the lung and colon malignancies were primary tumors, while the kidney tumor originated from the lung, revealing a diagnosis of metastatic double primary cancer - lung carcinoma with renal cell metastasis and second primary colon carcinoma. CONCLUSION Mutational profiling using targeted sequencing is valuable not only for the detection of actionable mutations, but also in the identification of the origin of tumors. This diagnostic approach should be considered in similar scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangzhou Rao
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy Of Sciences, No.41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liangqin Nie
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy Of Sciences, No.41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobo Miao
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy Of Sciences, No.41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Guofang Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Datta A, Brosh RM. Holding All the Cards-How Fanconi Anemia Proteins Deal with Replication Stress and Preserve Genomic Stability. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020170. [PMID: 30813363 PMCID: PMC6409899 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a hereditary chromosomal instability disorder often displaying congenital abnormalities and characterized by a predisposition to progressive bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer. Over the last 25 years since the discovery of the first linkage of genetic mutations to FA, its molecular genetic landscape has expanded tremendously as it became apparent that FA is a disease characterized by a defect in a specific DNA repair pathway responsible for the correction of covalent cross-links between the two complementary strands of the DNA double helix. This pathway has become increasingly complex, with the discovery of now over 20 FA-linked genes implicated in interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair. Moreover, gene products known to be involved in double-strand break (DSB) repair, mismatch repair (MMR), and nucleotide excision repair (NER) play roles in the ICL response and repair of associated DNA damage. While ICL repair is predominantly coupled with DNA replication, it also can occur in non-replicating cells. DNA damage accumulation and hematopoietic stem cell failure are thought to contribute to the increased inflammation and oxidative stress prevalent in FA. Adding to its confounding nature, certain FA gene products are also engaged in the response to replication stress, caused endogenously or by agents other than ICL-inducing drugs. In this review, we discuss the mechanistic aspects of the FA pathway and the molecular defects leading to elevated replication stress believed to underlie the cellular phenotypes and clinical features of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Datta
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Robert M Brosh
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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11
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Huang JP, Lin J, Tzen CY, Huang WY, Tsai CC, Chen CJ, Lu YJ, Chou KF, Su YW. FANCA D1359Y mutation in a patient with gastric polyposis and cancer susceptibility: A case report and review of literature. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:4412-4418. [PMID: 30344425 PMCID: PMC6189845 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i38.4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric polyposis is a rare disease. Not all polyps progress to cancer. Monoallelic mutation in Fanconi anemia (FA) genes, unlike biallelic gene mutations that causes typical FA phenotype, can increase risks of cancers in a sporadic manner. Aberrations in the FA pathway were reported in all molecular subtypes of gastric cancer. We studied a patient with synchronous gastric cancer from gastric polyposis by conducting a 13-year long-term follow up. Via pathway-driven massive parallel genomic sequencing, a germline mutation at FANCA D1359Y was identified. We identified several recurrent mutations in DNA methylation (TET1, V873I), the β-catenin pathway (CTNNB1, S45F) and RHO signaling pathway (PLEKHG5, R203C) by comparing the genetic events between benign and malignant gastric polyps. Furthermore, we revealed gastric polyposis susceptible genes and genetic events promoting malignant transformation using pathway-driven targeted gene sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Peng Huang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Johnson Lin
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Tzen
- Department of Pathology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Huang
- Laboratory of Good Clinical Research Center, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Tsai
- Department of General Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jung Lu
- ACT Genomics Co., Ltd., Taipei 11494, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Fang Chou
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wen Su
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan
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12
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Bhattacharjee S, Nandi S. Rare Genetic Diseases with Defects in DNA Repair: Opportunities and Challenges in Orphan Drug Development for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E298. [PMID: 30200453 PMCID: PMC6162646 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of mechanistic insights into genes and enzymes implicated in rare diseases provide a unique opportunity for orphan drug development. Advances made in identification of synthetic lethal relationships between rare disorder genes with oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have brought in new anticancer therapeutic opportunities. Additionally, the rapid development of small molecule inhibitors against enzymes that participate in DNA damage response and repair has been a successful strategy for targeted cancer therapeutics. Here, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of how many rare disease genes participate in promoting genome stability. We also summarize the latest developments in exploiting rare diseases to uncover new biological mechanisms and identify new synthetic lethal interactions for anticancer drug discovery that are in various stages of preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saikat Nandi
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA.
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13
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Bhattacharjee S, Nandi S. DNA damage response and cancer therapeutics through the lens of the Fanconi Anemia DNA repair pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:41. [PMID: 29017571 PMCID: PMC5635482 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare, inherited genomic instability disorder, caused by mutations in genes involved in the repair of interstrand DNA crosslinks (ICLs). The FA signaling network contains a unique nuclear protein complex that mediates the monoubiquitylation of the FANCD2 and FANCI heterodimer, and coordinates activities of the downstream DNA repair pathway including nucleotide excision repair, translesion synthesis, and homologous recombination. FA proteins act at different steps of ICL repair in sensing, recognition and processing of DNA lesions. The multi-protein network is tightly regulated by complex mechanisms, such as ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and degradation signals that are critical for the maintenance of genome integrity and suppressing tumorigenesis. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how the FA proteins participate in ICL repair and regulation of the FA signaling network that assures the safeguard of the genome. We further discuss the potential application of designing small molecule inhibitors that inhibit the FA pathway and are synthetic lethal with DNA repair enzymes that can be used for cancer therapeutics.
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14
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Palovcak A, Liu W, Yuan F, Zhang Y. Maintenance of genome stability by Fanconi anemia proteins. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:8. [PMID: 28239445 PMCID: PMC5320776 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0134-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent dysregulation of the DNA damage response and repair in cells causes genomic instability. The resulting genetic changes permit alterations in growth and proliferation observed in virtually all cancers. However, an unstable genome can serve as a double-edged sword by providing survival advantages in the ability to evade checkpoint signaling, but also creating vulnerabilities through dependency on alternative genomic maintenance factors. The Fanconi anemia pathway comprises an intricate network of DNA damage signaling and repair that are critical for protection against genomic instability. The importance of this pathway is underlined by the severity of the cancer predisposing syndrome Fanconi anemia which can be caused by biallelic mutations in any one of the 21 genes known thus far. This review delineates the roles of the Fanconi anemia pathway and the molecular actions of Fanconi anemia proteins in confronting replicative, oxidative, and mitotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palovcak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Fenghua Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Yanbin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Gautier Building Room 311, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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