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Mitra S, Tati V, Basu S, Shukla S. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium in Modulating the Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Cytotoxic Effects in Cultured Corneal Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Curr Eye Res 2024; 49:815-825. [PMID: 38646923 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2342355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is a common preservative in ophthalmic formulations that causes cytotoxic damage to the corneal epithelial cells. This study aims to explore the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived conditioned medium in modulating the BAK-induced cytotoxic effects in cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) as a cell-free therapeutic agent. METHODS The in vitro cultured HCECs derived from a HCE cell line were treated with BAK (0.001% and 0.005%, diluted in DMEM/F12, v/v) for 15 min, washed with 1xPBS, and allowed to recover for 24 h in human bone marrow MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM: undiluted (100%) and diluted (50%, v/v)). On the other hand, HCECs were co-incubated with BAK (0.005%, v/v) and MSC-CM (100% and 50%, v/v) for 24 h. The HCEC-derived conditioned medium (HCE-CM) was used as an optimal control for MSC-CM, whereas HCECs cultured in DMEM/F12 were used as a control. The DMEM/F12 was used as the base medium for the culture of HCECs and preparation of HCE- and MSC-CM. The role of MSC-CM in modulating the metabolic activity, cell death, epithelial repair, and proliferation, in BAK-treated HCECs was evaluated using MTT assay, Propidium iodide staining, scratch assay, and Ki-67 staining, respectively. RESULTS Compared to the control, recovery of BAK-treated (0.001% and 0.005%, for 15 min) HCECs in MSC-CM showed significantly reduced cell death with enhanced metabolic activity, epithelial repair, and proliferation. However, in comparison with HCE-CM, the beneficial effects of MSC-CM were predominantly observed at lower BAK concentration (0.001%, for 15 min). Whereas the co-incubation of BAK (0.005%) and MSC-CM for a longer duration (24 h) was marginally beneficial. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the MSC-CM is effective in modulating the BAK-induced cell death, retardation of metabolic activity and proliferation in cultured HCECs, particularly at lower concentration (0.001%) and shorter exposure (15 min) of BAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreya Mitra
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vasudeva Tati
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sayan Basu
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Shantilal Shanghvi Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Sudhakar and Sreekanth Ravi Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sachin Shukla
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Sudhakar and Sreekanth Ravi Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Centre for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Hao Y, Zhou J, Tan J, Xiang F, Qin Z, Yao J, Li G, Yang M, Zeng L, Zeng W, Zhu C. Preclinical evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of a new bioartificial cornea. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:265-278. [PMID: 37600931 PMCID: PMC10432718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-linking agents are frequently used to restore corneal properties after decellularization, and it is especially important to select an appropriate method to avoid excessive cross-linking. In addition, how to promote wound healing and how to improve scar formation require further investigation. To ensure the safety and efficacy of animal-derived products, we designed bioartificial corneas (BACs) according to the criteria for Class III medical devices. Our BACs do not require cross-linking agents and increase mechanical strength via self-cross-linking of aldehyde-modified hyaluronic acid (AHA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) on the surface of decellularized porcine corneas (DPCs). The results showed that the BACs had good biocompatibility and transparency, and the modification enhanced their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Preclinical animal studies showed that the BACs can rapidly regenerate the epithelium and restore vision within a month. After 3 months, the BACs were gradually filled with epithelial, stromal, and neuronal cells, and after 6 months, their transparency and histology were almost normal. In addition, side effects such as corneal neovascularization, conjunctival hyperemia, and ciliary body hyperemia rarely occur in vivo. Therefore, these BACs show promise for clinical application for the treatment of infectious corneal ulcers and as a temporary covering for corneal perforations to achieve the more time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansha Hao
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingting Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Ju Tan
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Xiang
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongliang Qin
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
- Zhong Zhi Yi Gu Research Institute, Chongqing Jiukang Medical Research Institute Co., Ltd.,. China
| | - Jun Yao
- Hong Chang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingcan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingqin Zeng
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Engineering Research Center for Organ Intelligent Biological Manufacturing of Chongqing, key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration and Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burnand Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
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Physicochemical Stability of a Novel Tacrolimus Ophthalmic Formulation for the Treatment of Ophthalmic Inflammatory Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010118. [PMID: 35057013 PMCID: PMC8778879 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressant used to treat a large variety of inflammatory or immunity-mediated ophthalmic diseases. However, there are currently no commercial industrial forms available that can provide relief to patients. Various ophthalmic formulations have been reported in the literature, but their stability has only been tested over short periods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical stability of a preservative-free tacrolimus formulation (0.2 and 1 mg/mL) at three storage temperatures (5 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C) for up to nine months in a multidose eyedropper. Analyses performed were the following: visual inspection and chromaticity, turbidity, viscosity, size of micelles, osmolality and pH measurements, tacrolimus quantification by a stability-indicating liquid chromatography method, breakdown product research, and sterility assay. In an in-use study, tacrolimus quantification was also performed on the drops emitted from the eyedroppers. All tested parameters remained stable during the nine month period when the eyedrops were stored at 5 °C. However, during storage at 25 °C and 35 °C, several signs of chemical instability were detected. Furthermore, a leachable compound originating from a silicone part of the eyedropper was detected during the in-use assay. Overall, the 0.2 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL tacrolimus ophthalmic solutions were physicochemically stable for up to nine months when stored at 5 °C.
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Dhanya BE, Prabhu A, Rekha PD. Extraction and characterization of an exopolysaccharide from a marine bacterium. Int Microbiol 2021; 25:285-295. [PMID: 34668088 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The marine bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) have transfigured the biotech sector with their myriad applications and prospects. This work was carried out to characterize and analyze the functional and biochemical properties of an EPS (EPS-DR3A) produced by a marine bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas sp. YU16-DR3A. The bacterium was cultured in Zobell marine broth for the production of EPS. The extracted EPS designated as EPS-DR3A was composed of 69% carbohydrates and 7.6% proteins with a molecular weight of 20 kDa. FT-IR spectra showed the presence of different functional groups. The monosaccharide analysis performed using GC-MS showed the presence of fucose, erythrotetrose, ribose, and glucose as monomers. EPS-DR3A showed excellent emulsifying activity against the tested hydrocarbons and food oils with stable emulsions. Rheological analysis of EPS-DR3A revealed the pseudoplastic behavior. The EPS-DR3A displayed good thermal stability with a degradation temperature of 249 °C and a melting point at 322 °C. Further, it had the ability to scavenge DPPH and nitric oxide free radicals with good total antioxidant activity. The in vitro biocompatibility study of EPS-DR3A showed high degree of biocompatibility with human dermal fibroblast cells at the tested concentrations. Taken together, the findings such as thermostability, emulsifying activity, pseudoplasticity, antioxidant activity, and biocompatibility of EPS-DR3A make this biomolecule an important candidate for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bythadka Erappa Dhanya
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Karnataka, 575018, Mangalore, India.,Department of Biosciences, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Prabhu
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Karnataka, 575018, Mangalore, India
| | - Punchappady Devasya Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Karnataka, 575018, Mangalore, India.
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A combination of CMC and α-MSH inhibited ROS activated NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperosmolarity stressed HCECs and scopolamine-induced dry eye rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1184. [PMID: 33441928 PMCID: PMC7807058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An important mechanism involved in dry eye (DE) is the association between tear hyperosmolarity and inflammation severity. Inflammation in DE might be mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome, which activated by exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS). A combination of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) may influence DE through this mechanism, thus avoiding defects of signal drug. In this study, we assessed whether treatment comprising CMC combined with α-MSH could ameliorate ocular surface function; we found that it promoted tear secretion, reduced the density of fluorescein sodium staining, enhanced the number of conjunctival goblet cells, and reduced the number of corneal apoptotic cells. Investigation of the underlying mechanism suggested that the synergistic effect of combined treatment alleviated DE inflammation through reduction of ROS level and inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome in human corneal epithelial cells. These findings indicate that combined CMC + α-MSH treatment could ameliorate lesions and restore ocular surface function in patients with DE through reduction of ROS level and inhibition of NLRP3 signalling.
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Development and characterization of collagen-based electrospun scaffolds containing silver sulphadiazine and Aspalathus linearis extract for potential wound healing applications. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Kim SI, Park CY, Fordjuor G, Lee JH, Lee JS, Lee JE. Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:217. [PMID: 31703568 PMCID: PMC6839072 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-019-1228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the cytotoxicities of the topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents (alcaftadine 0.25%, bepotastine besilate 1.5%, and olopatadine HCL 0.1%) on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and their anti-allergic effects on cultured conjunctival epithelial cells. Methods A Methylthiazolyltetrazolium(MTT)-based calorimetric assay was used to assess cytotoxicities using HCECs at concentrations of 10, 20 or 30% for exposure durations of 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 12 h or 24 h. Cellular morphologies were evaluated by inverted phase-contrast and electron microscopy. Wound widths were measured 2 h, 18 h, or 24 h after confluent HCECs monolayers were scratched. Realtime PCR was used to quantify anti-allergic effects on cultured human conjunctival cells, in which allergic reactions were induced by treating them with Aspergillus antigen. Results Cell viabilities decreased in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Cells were detached from dishes and showed microvilli loss, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and nuclear condensation when exposed to antiallergic agents; alcaftadine was found to be least cytotoxic. Alcaftadine treated HCECs monolayers showed the best wound healing followed by bepotastine and olopatadine (p < 0.0001). All agents significantly reduced the gene expressions of allergic cytokines (IL-5, IL-25, eotaxin, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin) and alcaftadine had the greatest effect (p < 0.0001 in all cases). Conclusions Alcaftadine seems to have less side effects and better therapeutic effects than the other two anti-allergic agents tested. It may be more beneficial to use less toxic agents for patients with ocular surface risk factors or presumed symptoms of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Il Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Mulgumup, Yangsan, 50612, Gyeongnam Province, Republic of South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Choul Yong Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Gladys Fordjuor
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Mulgumup, Yangsan, 50612, Gyeongnam Province, Republic of South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Mulgumup, Yangsan, 50612, Gyeongnam Province, Republic of South Korea. .,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
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Oral Hyaluronic Acid Supplementation for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Pilot Study. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:5491626. [PMID: 31662894 PMCID: PMC6778932 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5491626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral hyaluronic acid (HA) in patients with dry eye disease (DED). Study Design Prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods This trial enrolled 54 subjects and they were randomized into the study or control group. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) >18 years of age; (2) distance best-corrected visual acuity ≥ 20/40 Snellen equivalent in each eye; (3) IOP ≤ 21 mmHg in both eyes; (4) ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score of ≥18 and <65; (5) <10 seconds of tear break up time (TBUT); (6) >5 corneal spots of corneal fluorescein staining (CFS); and (7) ≤ 10 mm/5 min of the Schirmer test. All subjects were treated with a topical HA, and the study group was supplemented with oral HA. OSDI, TBUT, CFS, and the Schirmer test were evaluated for ocular surface parameters. Results 24 patients were assigned in the study group. Significant improvement of OSDI, TBUT, and CFS was observed at 1 month and 3 months after oral HA administration in the study group. At baseline and follow-up at 1 and 3 months, OSDI scores were 61.8 ± 16.2, 47.3 ± 11.6, and 42.3 ± 9.1, respectively (P < 0.001). TBUT was improved after treatment for 1 month and 3 months (4.2 ± 1.1; P=0.005 and 4.7 ± 1.1; P < 0.012). There were also statistically significant improvements in the CSF (1.8 ± 1.0, 0.8 ± 0.7; P < 0.001) at baseline compared with those at 1 month. Conclusions A combined supplement of both oral and topical HA more efficiently improves corneal epithelial wound healing and related symptoms than topical HA alone, in DED.
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Huang S, Constant S, De Servi B, Meloni M, Culig J, Bertini M, Saaid A. In vitro safety and performance evaluation of a seawater solution enriched with copper, hyaluronic acid, and eucalyptus for nasal lavage. MEDICAL DEVICES-EVIDENCE AND RESEARCH 2019; 12:399-410. [PMID: 31576180 PMCID: PMC6766585 DOI: 10.2147/mder.s209644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The common cold is a viral infectious disease with symptoms such as runny nose, sore throat, and mainly, nasal congestion. State-of-the-art therapeutic approaches focus on alleviating the symptoms of this disease by non-invasive and simple-to-use methods. Nasal irrigation is one of the most accepted approaches to ease nasal congestion which, if left untreated, has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Purpose In this study, the safety and efficacy of a novel hypertonic seawater solution for nasal lavage enriched with hyaluronic acids, eucalyptus oil, copper, and manganese salts (Stérimar Stop & Protect Cold and Flu; SSPCF) have been investigated in vitro. Methods An in vitro 3D reconstituted human nasal epithelium tissue model, MucilAir™, has been used in this study to investigate the safety of SSPCF on nasal epithelium by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion. The efficacy of SSPCF was measured by mucociliary clearance (MCC), ATP release, Alcian blue and aquaporin (AQP3) stainings. Results SSPCF treatment respected nasal epithelium tissue integrity and enhanced barrier function without inducing a cytotoxic response. Secreted LDH and IL-8 levels were similar to untreated controls. MCC rate was increased 2.5-fold and ATP release decreased 87% upon SSPCF treatment, indicating improved decongestion activity. SSPCF treatment after hypotonic stress helped recover cellular organization, as shown by Alcian blue and AQP3 staining assays. Conclusion SSPCF appears as a safe and effective nasal irrigation formula that may alleviate the symptoms associated with common cold such as nasal congestion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara De Servi
- Department of in Vitro Research, VitroScreen, Milan, 20149, Italy
| | - Marisa Meloni
- Department of in Vitro Research, VitroScreen, Milan, 20149, Italy
| | - Josip Culig
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Marco Bertini
- R&D Department, Laboratori Baldacci SpA, Pisa, Italy
| | - Amina Saaid
- Department of R&D and Innovation, Laboratoire Fumouze, Levallois-Perret, 92686, France
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Lee JH, Lee JS, Kim S, Lee JE. Comparison of cytotoxicities and wound healing effects of diquafosol tetrasodium and hyaluronic acid on human corneal epithelial cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:189-195. [PMID: 28280412 PMCID: PMC5343052 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.2.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the cellular toxicities of three clinically used dry eye treatments; 3% diquafosol tetrasodium and hyaluronic acid at 0.3 and 0.18%. A methyl thiazolyltetrazoiun (MTT)-based calorimetric assay was used to assess cellular proliferation and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay to assess cytotoxicity, using Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) exposed to 3% diquafosol tetrasodium, 0.3% hyaluronic acid (HA), or 0.18% HA or 1, 6 or 24 h. Cellular morphology was evaluated by inverted phase-contrast light microscopy and electron microscopy, and wound widths were measured 24 h after confluent HCECs were scratched. Diquafosol had a significant, time-dependent, inhibitory effect on HCEC proliferation and cytotoxicity. HCECs treated with diquafosol detached more from the bottoms of dishes and damaged cells showed degenerative changes, such as, reduced numbers of microvilli, vacuole formation, and chromatin of the nuclear remnant condensed along the nuclear periphery. All significantly stimulated reepithelialization of HCECs scratched, which were less observed in diquafosol. Therefore, epithelial toxicity should be considered after long-term usage of diquafosol and in overdose cases, especially in dry eye patients with pre-existing punctated epithelial erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Heon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Sujin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Changwon 51472, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Korea.; Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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Zhong J, Deng Y, Tian B, Wang B, Sun Y, Huang H, Chen L, Ling S, Yuan J. Hyaluronate Acid-Dependent Protection and Enhanced Corneal Wound Healing against Oxidative Damage in Corneal Epithelial Cells. J Ophthalmol 2016; 2016:6538051. [PMID: 27190638 PMCID: PMC4848450 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6538051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To evaluate the effects and mechanism of exogenous hyaluronate (HA) in promoting corneal wound healing. Methods. Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were incubated with different concentrations of HA to evaluate their efficiency in promoting cell migration and their modulation of repair factors. After inducing hyperosmolar conditions, the cell morphologies, cell apoptosis, and expression levels of TNF-α and MMP-9 were detected to assess the protective role of HA. Corneal epithelium-injured rat models were established to test the therapeutic effects of 0.3% HA. Then, the wound healing rates, the RNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, and repair factors were examined. Results. HCECs in the 0.03% and 0.3% HA groups showed fewer morphological alterations and lower rates of cell apoptosis following preincubation with HA under hyperosmolar conditions, as well as the expression levels of MMP-9 and TNF-α. In the rat model, the areas of fluorescein staining in the corneas of 0.3% HA group were significantly smaller than the control group. The expression levels of IL-1β and MMP-9 were decreased, while CD44 and FN were increased in the 0.3% HA group. Conclusion. HA enhanced corneal epithelial cell wound healing by promoting cell migration, upregulating repair responses, and suppressing inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yuqing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Bishan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yifang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Haixiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Shiqi Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
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