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Murai Y, Hashimoto M. Heteroaromatic Diazirines Are Essential Building Blocks for Material and Medicinal Chemistry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031408. [PMID: 36771073 PMCID: PMC9921084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In materials (polymer) science and medicinal chemistry, heteroaromatic derivatives play the role of the central skeleton in development of novel devices and discovery of new drugs. On the other hand, (3-trifluoromethyl)phenyldiazirine (TPD) is a crucial chemical method for understanding biological processes such as ligand-receptor, nucleic acid-protein, lipid-protein, and protein-protein interactions. In particular, use of TPD has increased in recent materials science to create novel electric and polymer devices with comparative ease and reduced costs. Therefore, a combination of heteroaromatics and (3-trifluoromethyl)diazirine is a promising option for creating better materials and elucidating the unknown mechanisms of action of bioactive heteroaromatic compounds. In this review, a comprehensive synthesis of (3-trifluoromethyl)diazirine-substituted heteroaromatics is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Murai
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (M.H.); Tel.: +81-11-706-9030 (Y.M.); +81-11-706-3849 (M.H.)
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (M.H.); Tel.: +81-11-706-9030 (Y.M.); +81-11-706-3849 (M.H.)
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Hill JR, Robertson AAB. Fishing for Drug Targets: A Focus on Diazirine Photoaffinity Probe Synthesis. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6945-6963. [PMID: 29683660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Target identification is a high-priority, albeit challenging, aspect of drug discovery. Diazirine-based photoaffinity probes (PAPs) can facilitate the process by covalently capturing transient molecular interactions. This can help identify target proteins and map the ligand's interactome. Diazirine probes have even been incorporated by cellular machinery into proteins. Embarking on the synthesis of customized PAPs, containing either an aliphatic or trifluoromethyl phenyl diazirine, can be a considerable endeavor, particularly for medicinal chemists and chemical biologists new to the field. This review takes a synthetic focus, aiming to summarize available routes, propose new avenues, and illuminate recent advances in diazirine synthesis. Select examples of diazirine photoaffinity labeling applications have been included throughout to provide instructive definition of the advantages and limitations of the technology while simultaneously highlighting how these reagents can be applied in a practical sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hill
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Avril A B Robertson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Queensland 4072 , Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , St. Lucia QLD4072 , Australia
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Effective Synthesis of Optically Active Trifluoromethyldiazirinyl Homophenylalanine and Aroylalanine Derivatives with the Friedel-Crafts Reaction in Triflic Acid. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:1377-80. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hashimoto M, Murai Y. Synthesis of Photoreactive Aromatic ^|^alpha;-Amino Acids and Effective Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange for Aromatic ^|^alpha;-Amino Acids. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2014. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.72.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Murai Y, Masuda K, Sakihama Y, Hashidoko Y, Hatanaka Y, Hashimoto M. Comprehensive synthesis of photoreactive (3-trifluoromethyl)diazirinyl indole derivatives from 5- and 6- trifluoroacetylindoles for photoaffinity labeling. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8581-7. [PMID: 22970820 DOI: 10.1021/jo301552m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
5- and 6-trifluoromethyldiazirinyl indoles were synthesized from corresponding bromoindole derivatives for the first time. They acted as mother skeletons for the comprehensive synthesis of various bioactive indole metabolites. These can be used in biological functional analysis as diazirine-based photoaffinity labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Murai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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Hashimoto M, Murai Y, Takahashi M, Muto Y, Hatanaka Y. Simple Deuterium Introduction at α-Position of Carbonyl in Diazirinyl Derivatives for Photoaffinity Labeling. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-10-s(e)57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hashimoto M, Murai Y, Hatanaka Y, Kanaoka Y. Effective Synthesis of Optically Active 3-Phenyl-3-(3-trifluoromethyl)diazirinyl Bishomophenylalanine Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-s(d)30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hashimoto M, Hatanaka Y. Recent Progress in Diazirine‐Based Photoaffinity Labeling. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200701069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada‐cho, Obihiro 080‐8555, Hokkaido, Japan, Fax: +81‐155‐495577
| | - Yasumaru Hatanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2360 Sugitani, Toyama 930‐0194, Japan
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Furuta T, Kan T, Ueda M, Hirooka Y, Tanaka K. Synthesis of Diazirine Possessing an Acetophenone Derivative as a Valuable Intermediate for a Flavonoid Photoaffinity Probe. HETEROCYCLES 2008. [DOI: 10.3987/com-07-s(n)4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hashimoto M, Kato YH, Hatanaka Y. Selective Hydrogenation of Alkene in (3-Trifluoromethyl) Phenyldiazirine Photophor with Wilkinson's Catalyst for Photoaffinity Labeling. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:1540-3. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.1540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Yuh-hi Kato
- Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Yasumaru Hatanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University
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Hashimoto M, Kato Y, Hatanaka Y. Simple method for the introduction of iodo-label on (3-trifluoromethyl) phenyldiazirine for photoaffinity labeling. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Blencowe A, Hayes W. Development and application of diazirines in biological and synthetic macromolecular systems. SOFT MATTER 2005; 1:178-205. [PMID: 32646075 DOI: 10.1039/b501989c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many different reagents and methodologies have been utilised for the modification of synthetic and biological macromolecular systems. In addition, an area of intense research at present is the construction of hybrid biosynthetic polymers, comprised of biologically active species immobilised or complexed with synthetic polymers. One of the most useful and widely applicable techniques available for functionalisation of macromolecular systems involves indiscriminate carbene insertion processes. The highly reactive and non-specific nature of carbenes has enabled a multitude of macromolecular structures to be functionalised without the need for specialised reagents or additives. The use of diazirines as stable carbene precursors has increased dramatically over the past twenty years and these reagents are fast becoming the most popular photophors for photoaffinity labelling and biological applications in which covalent modification of macromolecular structures is the basis to understanding structure-activity relationships. This review reports the synthesis and application of a diverse range of diazirines in macromolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Blencowe
- School of Chemistry, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, UKRG6 6AD.
| | - Wayne Hayes
- School of Chemistry, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, UKRG6 6AD.
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Hashimoto M, Hatanaka Y. Simple Synthesis of Deuterium and 13C Labeled Trifluoromethyl Phenyldiazirine Derivatives as Stable Isotope Tags for Mass Spectrometry. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:1385-6. [PMID: 15516771 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of trifluoromethyl diazirine with a stable isotope tag is reported. We found that both Friedel-Crafts acylation and reduction of aryl carbonyl to methylene, using commercially available stable-isotope reagents, were utilized for the synthesis of diazirinyl fatty acid derivatives. The stable isotope labeled diazirine may be valuable for identifying binding sites by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Agricultural and Life Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
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Hashimoto M, Nabeta K, Murakami K. Efficient synthesis of 3-trifluoromethylphenyldiazirinyl oleic acid derivatives and their biological activity for protein kinase C. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:1531-3. [PMID: 12699748 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00200-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
3-trifluoromethylphenyldiazirine based oleic acids derivatives are synthesized to elucidate the functions of specific activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with oleic acid. The synthetic route is based on the alkylation of phenolic derivative with oleic acid equivalent and the post-functionalization of the compound to achieve radiolabeling. Several compounds have biological activity for PKC with similar efficacy with that of oleic acid. The results indicated that the diaizinyl oleic acid derivatives should be useful to study the specific functions of oleic acid for PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Department of Bioresource Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan.
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