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Identification of new antileishmanial leads from hits obtained by high-throughput screening. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 56:1182-9. [PMID: 22143523 DOI: 10.1128/aac.05412-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous screen of ~200,000 compounds from the PubChem database identified 70 compounds possessing 50% effective concentrations (EC(50)s) below 1 μM against Leishmania major promastigotes that were not toxic to mammalian epithelial cancer cells at this concentration (E. Sharlow et al., PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 3:e540, 2009). Based on availability and chemical exclusion criteria, 31 of these compounds were purchased from commercial suppliers and evaluated for in vitro activity against intracellular L. donovani and L. amazonensis parasites. Benzothiazole cyanine compounds (PubChem 16196319 and 16196223) displayed potent activity against intracellular amastigotes, prompting a search for commercially available compounds that were structurally related. Pubchem 123859 (the cyanine dye thiazole orange) showed exceptionally potent activity against intracellular L. donovani in vitro (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)] = 21 ± 12 nM) and low cytotoxicity against Vero cells (IC(50) = 7,800 ± 200 nM). Administration of 123859 and 16196319 at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily for 5 days resulted in 44% ± 4% and 42% ± 3% suppression of liver parasitemia in L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice, respectively, compared to the untreated control group (the reductions in liver parasitemia were 30% ± 5% and 27% ± 4%, respectively, compared to the (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin solution (HPβCD) vehicle control, which itself displayed some antileishmanial activity). Benzothiazole-containing cyanine dyes are thus potential lead compounds for the discovery of novel antileishmanial agents.
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Shi XL, Ge JF, Liu BQ, Kaiser M, Wittlin S, Brun R, Ihara M. Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activities of 5-phenyliminobenzo[a]phenoxazine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5804-7. [PMID: 21868222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5-phenyliminobenzo[a]phenoxazine derivatives were synthesized. The in vitro antiprotozoal activities were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum K1, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. N,N-Diethyl-5-((4-methoxyphenyl)imino)-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-9-amine shows IC(50)=0.040 μmol L(-1) with a selective index of 1425 against Plasmodium falciparum K1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
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Ge JF, Arai C, Yang M, Bakar Md. A, Lu J, Ismail NSM, Wittlin S, Kaiser M, Brun R, Charman SA, Nguyen T, Morizzi J, Itoh I, Ihara M. Discovery of Novel Benzo[a]phenoxazine SSJ-183 as a Drug Candidate for Malaria. ACS Med Chem Lett 2010; 1:360-4. [PMID: 24900219 DOI: 10.1021/ml100120a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a serious infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites in tropical and subtropical regions. Even inhabitants of temperate zones are exposed to the danger of malaria infection because of travel and global warming. Novel, effective, safe, and inexpensive drugs are required to treat malaria and contribute to the global goal of eradication. A search for new antimalarial agents has been performed by the synthesis of new benzo[a]phenoxazines, followed by biological evaluations. The derivative SSJ-183 (5), having a 4-aminopyridine group, showed an IC50 value against Plasmodium falciparum of 7.6 nM and a selectivity index of >7300. Cure was achieved by three oral doses of 5 at 100 mg/kg to mice infected with the Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain. The safety of 5 was supported by acute toxicity testing in mice with single doses up to 2000 mg/kg po, chromosome aberration test, in vitro as well as in vivo micronucleus tests, and phototoxicity studies in mice. Thus, 5 is a promising candidate as a new antimalarial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Ge
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chika Arai
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Mei Yang
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Abu Bakar Md.
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Lu
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Nasser S. M. Ismail
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University, Elkhalifa AlMaamoon Street, 11566 Abbasseya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sergio Wittlin
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan A. Charman
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tien Nguyen
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Julia Morizzi
- Centre for Drug Candidate Optimisation, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Isamu Itoh
- Synstar Japan Co., Ltd., Tokyo Tech Yokohama Venture Plaza W401, 4259-3 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8510, Japan
| | - Masataka Ihara
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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Morisaki D, Kim HS, Inoue H, Terauchi H, Kuge S, Naganuma A, Wataya Y, Tokuyama H, Ihara M, Takasu K. Selective accumulation of rhodacyanine in plasmodial mitochondria is related to the growth inhibition of malaria parasites. Chem Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00125b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Yang M, Arai C, Bakar Md. A, Lu J, Ge JF, Pudhom K, Takasu K, Kasai K, Kaiser M, Brun R, Yardley V, Itoh I, Ihara M. Fluorinated Rhodacyanine (SJL-01) Possessing High Efficacy for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). J Med Chem 2009; 53:368-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jm9013086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Chika Arai
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Abu Bakar Md.
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Jun Lu
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Jian-Feng Ge
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Khanitha Pudhom
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kiyosei Takasu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kasai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Yardley
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K
| | - Isamu Itoh
- Synstar Japan Co., Ltd., Tokyo Tech Yokohama Venture Plaza W401, 4259-3 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8510, Japan
| | - Masataka Ihara
- Drug Discovery Science Research Center, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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