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Wang J, Huo A, Li X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Jin T, Sun K, Yang J. Synthesis of Unnatural α-Amino Acids from (Pyridin-2-yl) Carbamate via CIPE-Induced Carbonyl Migration. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13615-13626. [PMID: 36263722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic methods of unnatural α-amino acids have always been the focus of extensive research due to their significant bioactivities. However, convenient transition-metal-free catalyzed methods are still in demand. Herein, we report a novel strategy for the construction of an unnatural α-amino acid skeleton via intramolecular rearrangement of carbamates, which are readily available from amines and their common protecting groups. This rearrangement could afford a variety of amino ester products in up to 98% yield, even in gram-scale reaction. The reaction mechanism was studied in detail through experiments and theoretical calculations. The complex-induced proximity effect (CIPE) from the 2-pyridyl group is shown to be indispensable for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Qinhuangdao Customs Technical Center, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Tengda Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Keju Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Jingyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nano-Biotechnology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
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N-Benzyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-(oxazolidin-2-on-3-yl)-2-phenylacetamide. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, obtained by base-induced dimerization of 3-benzyloxazolidin-2-one, has been prepared and fully characterised. Its X-ray structure features hydrogen-bonded dimers involving the hydroxyl OH and amide carbonyl, forming a 14-membered ring.
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Further Studies on the [1,2]-Wittig Rearrangement of 2-(2-Benzyloxy)aryloxazolines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103186. [PMID: 35630665 PMCID: PMC9144599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The behaviour of 14 ortho-functionalised 2-aryloxazolines (11 of them prepared and characterised for the first time) with butyllithium has been examined. Significant limitations to the Wittig rearrangement of such systems are revealed. In terms of asymmetric Wittig rearrangement, good diastereoselectivity is obtained with a valine-derived 4-isopropyl oxazoline, but this is compromised by racemisation upon hydrolysis. More encouraging selectivity is achieved in the Wittig rearrangement of an acyclic phenylalanine-derived ortho-benzyloxy benzamide.
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5
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DFT study on the reaction mechanism and regioselectivity for the [1,2]-anionic rearrangement of 2-benzyloxypyridine derivatives. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Fuss D, Wu YQ, Grossi MR, Hollett JW, Wood TE. Effect of the tether length upon Truce-Smiles rearrangement reactions. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Fuss
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Yu Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Michael R. Grossi
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Joshua W. Hollett
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
| | - Tabitha E. Wood
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Winnipeg; Winnipeg Manitoba Canada
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7
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Henderson AR, Kosowan JR, Wood TE. The Truce–Smiles rearrangement and related reactions: a review. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2016-0594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Truce–Smiles rearrangement is an X → C aryl migration reaction that is achieved by an intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution pathway. The reaction exhibits a wide substrate scope with respect to a migrating aryl ring and leaving group, appearing in many different tandem reaction sequences, to achieve a wide variety of product outcomes. We present an extensive survey of reported examples of the Truce–Smiles rearrangement from the chemistry literature (1950s until present) organized by various substrate design variables or aspects of the reaction method. Present deficiencies in our understanding of the reaction are identified with recommendations for future research directions and useful developments in the application of the reaction are celebrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R.P. Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Joel R. Kosowan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Tabitha E. Wood
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada
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Gao F, Kim BS, Walsh PJ. Chemoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Deprotonative Arylation/[1,2]-Wittig Rearrangement of Pyridylmethyl Ethers. Chem Sci 2016; 7:976-983. [PMID: 27014434 PMCID: PMC4800319 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02739j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of chemoselectivity is one of the most challenging problems facing chemists and is particularly important in the synthesis of bioactive compounds and medications. Herein, the first highly chemoselective tandem C(sp3)-H arylation/[1,2]-Wittig rearrangement of pyridylmethyl ethers is presented. The efficient and operationally simple protocols enable generation of either arylation products or tandem arylation/[1,2]-Wittig rearrangement products with remarkable selectivity and good to excellent yields (60-99%). Choice of base, solvent, and reaction temperature play a pivotal role in tuning the reactivity of intermediates and controlling the relative rates of competing processes. The novel arylation step is catalyzed by a Pd(OAc)2/NIXANTPHOS-based system via a deprotonative cross-coupling process. The method provides rapid access to skeletally diverse aryl(pyridyl)methanol core structures, which are central components of several medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Medicinal Plants , Agronomy College , Sichuan Agricultural University , 211, Huimin Rd, Wenjiang Region , Chengdu 611130 , PR China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation , Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 S, 34th St. , Philadelphia , PA 19104-6323 , USA . ; https://sites.google.com/site/titaniumupenn/ ; Fax: +1-215-573-6743
| | - Byeong-Seon Kim
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation , Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 S, 34th St. , Philadelphia , PA 19104-6323 , USA . ; https://sites.google.com/site/titaniumupenn/ ; Fax: +1-215-573-6743
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories , Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation , Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 S, 34th St. , Philadelphia , PA 19104-6323 , USA . ; https://sites.google.com/site/titaniumupenn/ ; Fax: +1-215-573-6743
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Xu Z, Xu LW. Development of Ar-BINMOL-Derived Atropisomeric Ligands with Matched Axial and sp3Central Chirality for Catalytic Asymmetric Transformations. CHEM REC 2015; 15:925-48. [PMID: 26400411 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of the Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; No. 1378, Wenyi West Road Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of the Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Normal University; No. 1378, Wenyi West Road Hangzhou P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); No. 18, Tianshui Road Lanzhou P. R. China
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Gao PS, Ye F, Dong XY, Chen Y, Gao ZW, Zhang WQ, Xu LW. Base-promoted [1,4]-Wittig rearrangement of chalcone-derived allylic ethers leading to aromatic β-benzyl ketones. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong base promoted [1,4]-Wittig rearrangement of allylic ethers was developed in this work, in which the reaction provided a facile approach to the synthesis of aromatic β-benzyl ketones under controllable radical reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Sen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry
- Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Zi-Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Wei-Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry
- Ministry of Education (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
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Wang CY, Dong C, Zheng ZJ, Xu Z, Yang KF, Xu LW. Construction of an all-substituted pyrrolidine derivative with multiple stereogenic centers and Betti-base-derived γ-amino alcohols by [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09145d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction of Betti base-derived γ-amino alcohols and all-substituted pyrrolidine derivative with multiple stereogenic centers has been developed successfully through neighboring lithium-assisted [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement (NLAWR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education (MOE)
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Cheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education (MOE)
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Jiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education (MOE)
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education (MOE)
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Ke-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education (MOE)
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education (MOE)
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
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