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Kalatharan V, Al-Karagholi MAM. Targeting Peripheral N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR): A Novel Strategy for the Treatment of Migraine. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062156. [PMID: 36983158 PMCID: PMC10055974 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Several acute and preventive medications were developed for the treatment of migraine. Yet, a significant proportion of patients reports an inadequate response and a lack of tolerability, emphasizing the need for new options. Glutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and glutamate receptors including N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) are expressed at several levels of the trigeminovascular system, which is the anatomical and physiological substrate of migraine pain. Objective: To review preclinical and clinical studies investigating the role of the NMDAR in migraine pathophysiology. Methods: No protocol was registered for this study. References for the present review were identified from a narrative search of the PubMed database. Search terms such as glutamate, migraine, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor, and NMDAR were used. No restrictions were made in terms of the language and date of publication. Results: In animal models, administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) activated and sensitized trigeminovascular neurons. In healthy human participants, consumption of MSG caused headaches, craniofacial sensitivity, and nausea. In in vivo models and through immunolabeling, NMDAR subunits NR1, NR2A, and NR2B were expressed in trigeminal ganglion neurons. In humans, NMDAR antagonists such as ketamine and memantine caused a significant reduction in pain intensity and monthly headache frequency. Conclusions: Accumulative evidence indicates that NMDAR is a promising new target for the treatment of migraine. Selective NMDAR antagonists without central effects are needed to investigate their therapeutic benefit in the treatment of migraine.
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Benbow T, Teja F, Sheikhi A, Exposto FG, Svensson P, Cairns BE. Peripheral N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation contributes to monosodium glutamate-induced headache but not nausea behaviours in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13894. [PMID: 35974090 PMCID: PMC9381496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18290-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate induces behaviors thought to reflect headache and nausea in rats. We explored the effects of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist (2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, the inotropic glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenic acid, and the CGRP receptor antagonist olcegepant, on monosodium glutamate-induced increases in nocifensive, headache-like and nausea behaviours. Effects of these antagonists on motor function were examined with a rotarod. The effect of the dopamine receptor antagonist metoclopramide and the serotonin 3 receptor antagonist ondansetron on nausea behaviour was also assessed. (2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, and to a lesser extent, kynurenic acid and olcegepant, reduced nocifensive and headache-like behaviours evoked by monosodium glutamate. No alteration in motor function by (2R)-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid, kynurenic acid or olcegepant was observed. No sex-related differences in the effectiveness of these agents were identified. Nausea behaviour was significantly more pronounced in male than in female rats. Olcegepant, ondansetron and metoclopramide ameliorated this nausea behaviour in male rats. Ondansetron and metoclopramide also reduced headache-like behaviour in male rats. These findings suggest that peripheral N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor activation underlies monosodium glutamate-induced headache-like behaviour but does not mediate the nausea behaviour in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Benbow
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Felisha Teja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Afrooz Sheikhi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fernando G Exposto
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter Svensson
- Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Brian E Cairns
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Benbow T, Cairns BE. Dysregulation of the peripheral glutamatergic system: A key player in migraine pathogenesis? Cephalalgia 2021; 41:1249-1261. [PMID: 34148407 PMCID: PMC8504403 DOI: 10.1177/03331024211017882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the role of glutamate in migraine pathogenesis remains uncertain, there has been significant interest in the development of drug candidates that target glutamate receptors. Activation of trigeminovascular afferent fibers is now recognized as a crucial step to the onset of a migraine episode. New evidence suggests a dysfunction in peripheral glutamate regulation may play a role in this process. Objective To provide a narrative review of the role of peripheral glutamate dysfunction in migraine. Method A review of recent literature from neurobiological, pharmacological and genomic studies was conducted to support peripheral glutamate dysfunction as a potential element in migraine pathogenesis. Results Studies in rats suggest that elevated blood glutamate mechanically sensitizes trigeminal afferent fibers and stimulates the release of calcitonin-gene related peptide and other neuropeptides to promote and maintain neurogenic inflammation. These effects may be driven by upregulation of glutamate receptors, and modifications to reuptake and metabolic pathways of glutamate. Furthermore, genome wide association studies have found polymorphisms in glutamate receptor and transporter genes that are associated with migraine. Conclusion The role of peripheral glutamate signalling in the onset and maintenance of migraine is not completely elucidated and future studies are still needed to confirm its role in migraine pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Benbow
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brian E Cairns
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Rasmussen AH, Kogelman LJA, Kristensen DM, Chalmer MA, Olesen J, Hansen TF. Functional gene networks reveal distinct mechanisms segregating in migraine families. Brain 2020; 143:2945-2956. [PMID: 32968778 PMCID: PMC7780491 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is the most common neurological disorder worldwide and it has been shown to have complex polygenic origins with a heritability of estimated 40-70%. Both common and rare genetic variants are believed to underlie the pathophysiology of the prevalent types of migraine, migraine with typical aura and migraine without aura. However, only common variants have been identified so far. Here we identify for the first time a gene module with rare mutations through a systems genetics approach integrating RNA sequencing data from brain and vascular tissues likely to be involved in migraine pathology in combination with whole genome sequencing of 117 migraine families. We found a gene module in the visual cortex, based on single nuclei RNA sequencing data, that had increased rare mutations in the migraine families and replicated this in a second independent cohort of 1930 patients. This module was mainly expressed by interneurons, pyramidal CA1, and pyramidal SS cells, and pathway analysis showed association with hormonal signalling (thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor and oxytocin receptor signalling pathways), Alzheimer's disease pathway, serotonin receptor pathway and general heterotrimeric G-protein signalling pathways. Our results demonstrate that rare functional gene variants are strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine. Furthermore, we anticipate that the results can be used to explain the critical mechanisms behind migraine and potentially improving the treatment regime for migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Rasmussen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lisette J A Kogelman
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - David M Kristensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Mona Ameri Chalmer
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
- Novo Nordic Foundation Centre for protein research, Copenhagen University, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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De Marchis ML, Guadagni F, Silvestris E, Lovero D, Della-Morte D, Ferroni P, Barbanti P, Palmirotta R. Genetic bases of the nutritional approach to migraine. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29517920 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1450215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a common multifactorial and polygenic neurological disabling disorder characterized by a genetic background and associated to environmental, hormonal and food stimulations. A large series of evidence suggest a strong correlation between nutrition and migraine and indicates several commonly foods, food additives and beverages that may be involved in the mechanisms triggering the headache attack in migraine-susceptible persons. There are foods and drinks, or ingredients of the same, that can trigger the migraine crisis as well as some foods play a protective function depending on the specific genetic sensitivity of the subject. The recent biotechnological advances have enhanced the identification of some genetic factors involved in onset diseases and the identification of sequence variants of genes responsible for the individual sensitivity to migraine trigger-foods. Therefore many studies are aimed at the analysis of polymorphisms of genes coding for the enzymes involved in the metabolism of food factors in order to clarify the different ways in which people respond to foods based on their genetic constitution. This review discusses the latest knowledge and scientific evidence of the role of gene variants and nutrients, food additives and nutraceuticals interactions in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura De Marchis
- a Biobanca InterIstituzionale Multidisciplinare, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana , Rome , Italy.,b Biotechnology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana 'M. Aleandri' , Rome , Italy
| | - Fiorella Guadagni
- a Biobanca InterIstituzionale Multidisciplinare, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana , Rome , Italy.,c Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University , Rome , Italy
| | - Erica Silvestris
- d Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - Domenica Lovero
- d Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
| | - David Della-Morte
- c Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University , Rome , Italy.,e Department of Systems Medicine University of Rome "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Patrizia Ferroni
- a Biobanca InterIstituzionale Multidisciplinare, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana , Rome , Italy.,c Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University , Rome , Italy
| | - Piero Barbanti
- f Headache and Pain Unit, Department of Neurological, Motor and Sensorial Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana , Rome , Italy
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- d Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari , Italy
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Abstract
There is substantial evidence indicating a role for glutamate in migraine. Levels of glutamate are higher in the brain and possibly also in the peripheral circulation in migraine patients, particularly during attacks. Altered blood levels of kynurenines, endogenous modulators of glutamate receptors, have been reported in migraine patients. Population genetic studies implicate genes that are involved with glutamate signaling in migraine, and gene mutations responsible for familial hemiplegic migraine and other familial migraine syndromes may influence glutamate signaling. Animal studies indicate that glutamate plays a key role in pain transmission, central sensitization, and cortical spreading depression. Multiple therapies that target glutamate receptors including magnesium, topiramate, memantine, and ketamine have been reported to have efficacy in the treatment of migraine, although with the exception of topiramate, the evidence for the efficacy of these therapies is not strong. Also, because all of these therapies have other mechanisms of action, it is not possible to conclude that the efficacy of these drugs is entirely due to their effects on glutamate receptors. Further studies are needed to more clearly delineate the possible roles of glutamate and its specific receptor subtypes in migraine and to identify new ways of targeting glutamate for migraine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hoffmann
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrew Charles
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 635 Charles Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Rajatileka S, Odd D, Robinson MT, Spittle AC, Dwomoh L, Williams M, Harding D, Wagstaff M, Owen M, Crosby C, Ching J, Molnár E, Luyt K, Váradi A. Variants of the EAAT2 Glutamate Transporter Gene Promoter Are Associated with Cerebral Palsy in Preterm Infants. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:2013-2024. [PMID: 28271401 PMCID: PMC5840247 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Preterm delivery is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment caused by environmental and genetic factors. Dysfunction of the excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) and the resultant impaired glutamate uptake can lead to neurological disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; g.-200C>A and g.-181A>C) in the EAAT2 promoter in susceptibility to brain injury and neurodisability in very preterm infants born at or before 32-week gestation. DNA isolated from newborns’ dried blood spots were used for pyrosequencing to detect both SNPs. Association between EAAT2 genotypes and cerebral palsy, cystic periventricular leukomalacia and a low developmental score was then assessed. The two SNPs were concordant in 89.4% of infants resulting in three common genotypes all carrying two C and two A alleles in different combinations. However, in 10.6% of cases, non-concordance was found, generating six additional rare genotypes. The A alleles at both loci appeared to be detrimental and consequently, the risk of developing cerebral palsy increased four- and sixfold for each additional detrimental allele at -200 and -181 bp, respectively. The two SNPs altered the regulation of the EAAT2 promoter activity and glutamate homeostasis. This study highlights the significance of glutamate in the pathogenesis of preterm brain injury and subsequent development of cerebral palsy and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Furthermore, the described EAAT2 SNPs may be an early biomarker of vulnerability to neurodisability and may aid the development of targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavanthi Rajatileka
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - David Odd
- Neonatal Neuroscience, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, St Michael's Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Matthew T Robinson
- College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Alexandra C Spittle
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Louis Dwomoh
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Maggie Williams
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Pathology Sciences, Blood Sciences and Bristol Genetics, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - David Harding
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St Michael's Hospital, University Hospital NHS Trust, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK
| | - Miles Wagstaff
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucestershire NHS Trust, Gloucester, GL1 3NN, UK
| | - Marie Owen
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucestershire NHS Trust, Gloucester, GL1 3NN, UK
| | - Charlene Crosby
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Pathology Sciences, Blood Sciences and Bristol Genetics, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Jared Ching
- Neonatal Neuroscience, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, St Michael's Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK
| | - Elek Molnár
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Karen Luyt
- Neonatal Neuroscience, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, St Michael's Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK
- Regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, St Michael's Hospital, University Hospital NHS Trust, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK
| | - Anikó Váradi
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
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8
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Kondratieva N, Azimova J, Skorobogatykh K, Sergeev A, Naumova E, Kokaeva Z, Anuchina A, Rudko O, Tabeeva G, Klimov E. Biomarkers of migraine: Part 1 – Genetic markers. J Neurol Sci 2016; 369:63-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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9
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Shimada A, Castrillon EE, Baad-Hansen L, Ghafouri B, Gerdle B, Wåhlén K, Ernberg M, Cairns BE, Svensson P. Increased pain and muscle glutamate concentration after single ingestion of monosodium glutamate by myofascial temporomandibular disorders patients. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:1502-12. [PMID: 27091318 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted to investigate if single monosodium glutamate (MSG) administration would elevate muscle/serum glutamate concentrations and affect muscle pain sensitivity in myofascial temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients more than in healthy individuals. METHODS Twelve myofascial TMD patients and 12 sex- and age-matched healthy controls participated in two sessions. Participants drank MSG (150 mg/kg) or NaCl (24 mg/kg; control) diluted in 400 mL of soda. The concentration of glutamate in the masseter muscle, blood plasma and saliva was determined before and after the ingestion of MSG or control. At baseline and every 15 min after the ingestion, pain intensity was scored on a 0-10 numeric rating scale. Pressure pain threshold, pressure pain tolerance (PPTol) and autonomic parameters were measured. All participants were asked to report adverse effects after the ingestion. RESULTS In TMD, interstitial glutamate concentration was significantly greater after the MSG ingestion when compared with healthy controls. TMD reported a mean pain intensity of 2.8/10 at baseline, which significantly increased by 40% 30 min post MSG ingestion. At baseline, TMD showed lower PPTols in the masseter and trapezius, and higher diastolic blood pressure and heart rate than healthy controls. The MSG ingestion resulted in reports of headache by half of the TMD and healthy controls, respectively. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that myofascial TMD patients may be particularly sensitive to the effects of ingested MSG. WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD?': Elevation of interstitial glutamate concentration in the masseter muscle caused by monosodium glutamate (MSG) ingestion was significantly greater in myofascial myofascial temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients than healthy individuals. This elevation of interstitial glutamate concentration in the masseter muscle significantly increased the intensity of spontaneous pain in myofascial TMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shimada
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark. .,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - E E Castrillon
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - L Baad-Hansen
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B Ghafouri
- Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - B Gerdle
- Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - K Wåhlén
- Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - M Ernberg
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark.,Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - B E Cairns
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P Svensson
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
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Noruzzadeh R, Modabbernia A, Aghamollaii V, Ghaffarpour M, Harirchian MH, Salahi S, Nikbakht N, Noruzi N, Tafakhori A. Memantine for Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine Without Aura: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. Headache 2015; 56:95-103. [DOI: 10.1111/head.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Noruzzadeh
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Vajiheh Aghamollaii
- Neurology Department, Roozbeh Hospital; Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Majid Ghaffarpour
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sarvenaz Salahi
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Nikbakht
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Noruzi
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Tafakhori
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a common neurological condition that affects 1-4 % of the general population. Most individuals with CDH originally suffered from episodic headaches, but over time, this developed into CDH. Although the pathophysiology of CDH is not fully understood, recent clinical and epidemiological studies suggest some risk factors that are associated with an increased risk of transformation from episodic headaches. If risk factors can be identified, they could provide a base for aggressive preventive intervention and thus decrease the transformation from episodic headaches to eventual CDH. In this article, we review and summarize the current data on risk factors for CDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Cho
- Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, South Korea
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12
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Cargnin S, Pautasso C, Viana M, Sances G, Mittino D, Cantello R, Tassorelli C, Nappi G, Terrazzino S. Association ofRAMP1 rs7590387 With the Risk of Migraine Transformation Into Medication Overuse Headache. Headache 2015; 55:658-68. [DOI: 10.1111/head.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cargnin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
| | - Chiara Pautasso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
| | - Michele Viana
- Headache Science Centre; National Neurological Institute C. Mondino; Pavia Italy
| | - Grazia Sances
- Headache Science Centre; National Neurological Institute C. Mondino; Pavia Italy
| | - Daniela Mittino
- Division of Neurology; Maggiore Hospital; Università del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Division of Neurology; Maggiore Hospital; Università del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
| | - Cristina Tassorelli
- Headache Science Centre; National Neurological Institute C. Mondino; Pavia Italy
- Department of Brain and Behaviour; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nappi
- Headache Science Centre; National Neurological Institute C. Mondino; Pavia Italy
| | - Salvatore Terrazzino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Università del Piemonte Orientale; Novara Italy
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13
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Rajatileka S, Luyt K, Williams M, Harding D, Odd D, Molnár E, Váradi A. Detection of three closely located single nucleotide polymorphisms in the EAAT2 promoter: comparison of single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP), pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing. BMC Genet 2014; 15:80. [PMID: 24996834 PMCID: PMC4112986 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-15-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) is still a frequently used genotyping method across different fields for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) due to its simplicity, requirement for basic equipment accessible in most laboratories and low cost. This technique was previously used to detect rs4354668:A > C (g.-181A > C) SNP in the promoter of astroglial glutamate transporter (EAAT2) and the same approach was initially used here to investigate this promoter region in a cohort of newborns. Results Unexpectedly, four distinct DNA migration patterns were identified by SSCP. Sanger sequencing revealed two additional SNPs: g.-200C > A and g.-168C > T giving a rise to a total of ten EAAT2 promoter variants. SSCP failed to distinguish these variants reliably and thus pyrosequencing assays were developed. g.-168C > T was found in heterozygous form in one infant only with minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.0023. In contrast, g.-200C > A and -181A > C were more common (with MAF of 0.46 and 0.49, respectively) and showed string evidence of linkage disequilibrium (LD). In a systematic comparison, 16% of samples were miss-classified by SSCP with 25-31% errors in the identification of the wild-type and homozygote mutant genotypes compared to pyrosequencing or Sanger sequencing. In contrast, SSCP and pyrosequencing of an unrelated single SNP (rs1835740:C > T), showed 94% concordance. Conclusion Our data suggest that SSCP cannot always detect reliably several closely located SNPs. Furthermore, caution is needed in the interpretation of the association studies linking only one of the co-inherited SNPs in the EAAT2 promoter to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anikó Váradi
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Department of Biological, Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
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García-Martín E, Martínez C, Serrador M, Alonso-Navarro H, Navacerrada F, Agúndez JA, Jiménez-Jiménez FJ. SLC1A2 rs3794087 variant and risk for migraine. J Neurol Sci 2014; 338:92-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Pharmacogenetics of chronic pain and its treatment. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:864319. [PMID: 23766564 PMCID: PMC3671679 DOI: 10.1155/2013/864319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the impact of genetic variability of drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, receptors, and pathways involved in chronic pain perception on the efficacy and safety of analgesics and other drugs used for chronic pain treatment. Several candidate genes have been identified in the literature, while there is usually only limited clinical evidence substantiating for the penetration of the testing for these candidate biomarkers into the clinical practice. Further, the pain-perception regulation and modulation are still not fully understood, and thus more complex knowledge of genetic and epigenetic background for analgesia will be needed prior to the clinical use of the candidate genetic biomarkers.
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Gasparini CF, Griffiths LR. The biology of the glutamatergic system and potential role in migraine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE : IJBS 2013; 9:1-8. [PMID: 23675283 PMCID: PMC3644410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a common genetically linked neurovascular disorder. Approximately ∼12% of the Caucasian population are affected including 18% of adult women and 6% of adult men (1, 2). A notable female bias is observed in migraine prevalence studies with females affected ∼3 times more than males and is credited to differences in hormone levels arising from reproductive achievements. Migraine is extremely debilitating with wide-ranging socioeconomic impact significantly affecting people's health and quality of life. A number of neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in migraine, the most studied include the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. Extensive genetic research has been carried out to identify genetic variants that may alter the activity of a number of genes involved in synthesis and transport of neurotransmitters of these systems. The biology of the Glutamatergic system in migraine is the least studied however there is mounting evidence that its constituents could contribute to migraine. The discovery of antagonists that selectively block glutamate receptors has enabled studies on the physiologic role of glutamate, on one hand, and opened new perspectives pertaining to the potential therapeutic applications of glutamate receptor antagonists in diverse neurologic diseases. In this brief review, we discuss the biology of the Glutamatergic system in migraine outlining recent findings that support a role for altered Glutamatergic neurotransmission from biochemical and genetic studies in the manifestation of migraine and the implications of this on migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Gasparini
- Genomics Research Centre, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Building G05, GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY QLD 4222, Australia
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Suh GI, Park JW, Shin HE. Differences in Clinical Features and Disability according to the Frequency of Medication Use in Patients with Chronic Migraine. J Clin Neurol 2012; 8:198-203. [PMID: 23091529 PMCID: PMC3469800 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2012.8.3.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Chronic migraine (CM) has a significant impact on daily activities, and analgesic overuse is a major contributing factor to migraine transformation. Limited information is available on the functional consequences of CM stemming from analgesic overuse. This study evaluated the impact of the frequency of analgesic medication use on headache-related disability and clinical features in patients with CM. Methods Patients with CM were enrolled consecutively and classified into two groups according to their frequency of medication use: <15 days/month (CM-ML, n=52) and ≥15 days/month (CM-MH, n=68). All patients completed a structured questionnaire concerning the clinical features of their migraine, a validated version of the Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire (MIDAS), and the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6). Results The pain intensity, as measured by a visual analog scale, was greater in the CM-MH group than in the CM-ML group (8.5±0.2 vs. 7.7±0.3, mean±SD; p<0.05). In the disability domain, the MIDAS scores were significantly higher for CM-MH patients than for CM-ML patients (47.6±4.8 vs. 26.8±4.5, p<0.01). The impact from migraine, as measured by the HIT-6, was greater for CM-MH patients than for CM-ML patients (65.6±1.0 vs. 62.1±1.0, p<0.05). Conclusions Our results indicate that the headache pain intensity and disability are greater in patients with CM who use medication frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyoung Im Suh
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
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