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Zou Z, Guo L, Mautner V, Smeets R, Kiuwe L, Friedrich RE. Propranolol Specifically Suppresses the Viability of Tumorous Schwann Cells Derived from Plexiform Neurofibromas In Vitro. In Vivo 2021; 34:1031-1036. [PMID: 32354889 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs) are benign tumors of the periph eral nerves sheath, which can damage neighboring organs, impair functions, cause pain and serious maxillofacial disfigurement, and have a high risk of malignant transformation. Complete resection is usually not possible since PNFs often extend through multiple layers of tissue. Therefore, it is necessary and beneficial to find a reasonable drug treatment for PNFs. Propranolol-treatment is the first-line therapy for infantile hemangiomas and the side effects are reversible and mostly benign. The present study aimed to examine the possible effect of propranolol for suppressing PNFs in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paired primary Schwann-cell-rich cultures and fibroblast-rich cultures were obtained from 4 PNFs of unrelated patients. Human Schwann cells (HSCs) were used as the control. These cultures were treated with propranolol for 7 days at concentrations up to 150 μM. Cells were then measured for their viability and immune-stained with S100 to label the tumorous Schwann cells. RESULTS Propranolol inhibited the viability of the tumorous Schwann cells in a dose-dependent manner, while did not substantially suppress viability of the non-tumorous fibroblasts derived from the same PNFs. CONCLUSION Propranolol may provide a treatment option for suppressing the growth of PNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziang Zou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linna Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Victor Mautner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lan Kiuwe
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Combined Targeting of AKT and mTOR Inhibits Proliferation of Human NF1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour Cells In Vitro but not in a Xenograft Mouse Model In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041548. [PMID: 32102484 PMCID: PMC7073166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent signalling via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a major driver of malignancy in NF1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST). Nevertheless, single targeting of this pathway is not sufficient to inhibit MPNST growth. In this report, we demonstrate that combined treatment with the allosteric pan-AKT inhibitor MK-2206 and the mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor AZD8055 has synergistic effects on the viability of MPNST cell lines in comparison to the treatment with each compound alone. However, when treating animals bearing experimental MPNST with the combined AKT/mTOR regime, no influence on tumour growth was observed. Further analysis of the MPNST xenograft tumours resistant to AKT/mTOR treatment revealed a reactivation of both AKT and mTOR in several tumour samples. Additional targeting of the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK pathway with the allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 showed synergistic effects on the viability of MPNST cell lines in vitro in comparison to the dual AKT/mTOR inhibition. In summary, these data indicate that combined treatment with AKT and mTOR inhibitors is effective on MPNST cells in vitro but tumour resistance can occur rapidly in vivo by restoration of AKT/mTOR signalling. Our data further suggest that a triple treatment with inhibitors against AKT, mTORC1/2 and MEK1/2 may be a promising treatment option that should be further analysed in an experimental MPNST mouse model in vivo.
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Ferrer M, Gosline SJC, Stathis M, Zhang X, Guo X, Guha R, Ryman DA, Wallace MR, Kasch-Semenza L, Hao H, Ingersoll R, Mohr D, Thomas C, Verma S, Guinney J, Blakeley JO. Pharmacological and genomic profiling of neurofibromatosis type 1 plexiform neurofibroma-derived schwann cells. Sci Data 2018; 5:180106. [PMID: 29893754 PMCID: PMC5996849 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by peripheral nervous system tumors (PNSTs), including plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs) that cause nerve dysfunction, deformity, pain damage to adjacent structures, and can undergo malignant transformation. There are no effective therapies to prevent or treat pNFs. Drug discovery efforts are slowed by the ‘benign’ nature of the Schwann cells that are the progenitor cells of pNF. In this work we characterize a set of pNF-derived cell lines at the genomic level (via SNP Arrays, RNAseq, and Whole Exome- Sequencing), and carry out dose response-based quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) with a collection of 1,912 oncology-focused compounds in a 1536-well microplate cell proliferation assays. Through the characterization and screening of NF1−/−, NF1+/+ and NF1+/− Schwann cell lines, this resource introduces novel therapeutic avenues for the development for NF1 associated pNF as well as all solid tumors with NF1 somatic mutations. The integrated data sets are openly available for further analysis at http://www.synapse.org/pnfCellCulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ferrer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Marigo Stathis
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Rajarshi Guha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dannielle A Ryman
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret R Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Laura Kasch-Semenza
- Genetic Resources Core Facility (GRCF), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haiping Hao
- Deep Sequencing & Microarray Core, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roxann Ingersoll
- Genetic Resources Core Facility (GRCF), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Mohr
- Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Craig Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharad Verma
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
A procedure for assessing specificity of anticancer drugs in vitro using cultures containing both tumor and non-tumor cells is demonstrated. The key element is the quantitative determination of a tumor-specific genetic alteration in relation to a universal sequence using a dual-probe digital PCR assay and the subsequent calculation of the proportion of tumor cells. The assay is carried out on a culture containing tumor cells of an established line and spiked-in non-tumor cells. The mixed culture is treated with a test drug at various concentrations. After the treatment, DNA is prepared directly from the survived adhesive cells in wells of 96-well plates using a simple and inexpensive method, and subjected to a dual-probe digital PCR assay for measuring a tumor-specific genetic alteration and a reference universal sequence. In the present demonstration, a heterozygous deletion of the NF1 gene is used as the tumor-specific genetic alteration and a RPP30 gene as the reference gene. Using the ratio NF1/RPP30, the proportion of tumor cells was calculated. Since the dose-dependent change of the proportion of tumor cells provides an in vitro indication for specificity of the drug, this genetic and cell-based in vitro assay will likely have application potential in drug discovery. Furthermore, for personalized cancer-care, this genetic- and cell-based tool may contribute to optimizing adjuvant chemotherapy by means of testing efficacy and specificity of candidate drugs using primary cultures of individual tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Kluwe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Laboratory for Tumor Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf;
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