Influence of sodium hypochlorite and ultrasounds on surface features and chemical composition of Biodentine tricalcium silicate-based material

Effect of different irrigants on the push-out bond strength of biodentine and TheraCal LC when used for perforation repair in simulated condition

Background

Perforation repair materials should have excellent sealing ability and dislodgement resistance. While several materials have been employed for perforation repair, newer calcium-silicate materials, such as Biodentine and TheraCal LC, have shown promising outcomes.

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different irrigants on the dislodgement resistance of Biodentine and TheraCal LC when used for perforation repair in simulated conditions.

Methods and Material

3% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 17% EDTA were evaluated for their effect on the dislodgement resistance of Biodentine and TheraCal LC. 48 permanent mandibular molars were selected for the study. The samples were divided into two groups: Group I - Biodentine and Group II - TheraCal LC, with 24 samples each.

Statistical Analysis

The mean dislodgement resistance and standard deviation of Group I (Biodentine) and Group II (TheraCal LC) were compared and Failure pattern analysis was done.

Results

Biodentine showed a significant decrease in push-out bond strength after contact with 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA whereas, TheraCal LC showed no significant decrease in push-out bond strength after exposure to 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA.

Conclusions

Overall, TheraCal LC can be considered good perforation repair material with excellent physical and biological properties.

Effect of activated chlorhexidine and irritrol with photon-induced-photoacoustic-streaming and EDDY® on the dislocation resistance of biodentine

Background

Irrigant activation techniques, which are more effective in anatomically complex areas, can be used to maximize irrigant efficacy.

Aim

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different agitation techniques on the dislocation resistance of Biodentine to the root canal dentin.

Materials and Methods

Seventy single-rooted teeth divided into seven experimental groups (n = 10); Group I-Irritrol/Photon-induced-photoacoustic-streaming (PIPS), Group II-Irritrol/EDDY^®, Group III- Irritrol/Syringe-needle-irrigation (SNI), Group IV-Chlorhexidine-gluconate (CHX)/PIPS, Group V-CHX/EDDY^®, Group VI-CHX/SNI, Group VII-Saline. The midroot dentin slice was obtained from each tooth, and Biodentine was condensed with hand pluggers into the root canal lumen. The push-out bond strength values were measured using a universal testing machine. Each sample was categorized into one of the three failure modes: adhesive/cohesive/mixed. Scanning-Electron-Microscopy (SEM) was used to conduct the analyses, and the composition of Biodentine was analyzed using Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy. The One-way ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey's test, and the Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.

Results

The push-out bond strength values of Biodentine showed that Group VII-Saline had a statistically significant difference (P = 0.002), however, the differences between the other groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.922). The percentages of the failure modes of the samples showed that there was a higher rate of mixed failure except for Group VII-Saline. SEM examination showed that Group VII-Saline had no open dentinal tubules, whereas the other groups, particularly the Irritrol groups, had open dentinal tubule areas.

Conclusions

Within the scope of the study, using Irritrol or CHX as the final irrigation in the root canal treatment did not result in differences in the dislocation resistance of Biodentine to root canal dentin when PIPS and EDDY^® were used.

The Effect of Irrigation with Citric Acid on Biodentine Tricalcium Silicate-Based Cement: SEM-EDS In Vitro Study

There are various factors that may interfere with the activity of biomaterials during endodontic therapy. One of them is the canal system irrigation procedure with different rinsing solutions performed after the placement of bioactive cements. The authors investigate the influence of citric acid, a chelating agent, on the surface and the chemical composition of Biodentine tricalcium silicate-based cement using a multimethod approach. Twenty samples were divided into two groups based on the material setting time. They were subjected to citric acid irrigation with or without ultrasonic activation for 5 and 20 min. The chemical analysis was made with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The visual assessment of Biodentine surface was carried out in scanning electron microscope (SEM). The volume of material loss during the procedure was measured with Keyence optic microscope and dedicated digital software. Statistical analysis was performed. The results of the study show that the irrigation with citric acid influenced the surface appearance of the material and changed its chemical composition in both investigated groups. The ultrasonic activation (US) of the liquid has also aggravated its impact. Further research is needed to assess if that fact may change the sealing properties of the material influencing the long-term clinical outcome.