Effects of water immersion on shear bond strength reduction after current application of resin-modified glass-ionomer-cements with and without an ionic liquid

The Potential Role of Ionic Liquid as a Multifunctional Dental Biomaterial

In craniofacial research and routine dental clinical procedures, multifunctional materials with antimicrobial properties are in constant demand. Ionic liquids (ILs) are one such multifunctional intelligent material. Over the last three decades, ILs have been explored for different biomedical applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties, high task specificity, and sustainability. Their stable physical and chemical characteristics and extremely low vapor pressure make them suitable for various applications. Their unique properties, such as density, viscosity, and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, may provide higher performance as a potential dental material. ILs have functionalities for optimizing dental implants, infiltrate materials, oral hygiene maintenance products, and restorative materials. They also serve as sensors for dental chairside usage to detect oral cancer, periodontal lesions, breath-based sobriety, and dental hard tissue defects. With further optimization, ILs might also make vital contributions to craniofacial regeneration, oral hygiene maintenance, oral disease prevention, and antimicrobial materials. This review explores the different advantages and properties of ILs as possible dental material.

Effect of immersion in NaCl solution on the electrical conductivity and the reduction of the shear bond strength of resin-modified glass-ionomer-cements after current application

Advancements in dental cements have considerably improved their bond strengths. However, high bond strength often makes the removal of restorations difficult. Thus, smart dental cements that show controllable bond strength are required. A conventional resin-modified glass-ionomer-cement demonstrated a significant reduction in the bond strength after current application. However, for this system, the ions in the cement are released into the oral cavity, resulting in a reduction of the electrical conductivity and in losses of the expected on-demand debonding property. Herein, the effects of immersion in 0.9 and 15% NaCl solutions on the electrical conductivity and debonding properties were investigated. The cement immersed in 0.9% NaCl solution from 1 to 28 days maintained similar bond strength reductions after current application, whereas that in 15% NaCl solution initially showed no bond strength reduction after 1 day but exhibited an increase in the bond strength reduction after immersion for 28 days.