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Jung D, Park S, Kurban D, Dufour S, Ronholm J. The occurrence of Aerococcus urinaeequi and non-aureus staphylococci in raw milk negatively correlates with Escherichia coli clinical mastitis. mSystems 2024:e0036224. [PMID: 39254336 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00362-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a common environmental pathogen associated with clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cattle. There is an interest in optimizing the udder microbiome to increase the resistance of dairy cattle to E. coli CM; however, the details of which members of the healthy udder microbiome may play a role in antagonizing E. coli are unknown. In this study, we characterized the bacterial community composition in raw milk collected from quarters of lactating Holstein dairy cows that developed E. coli CM during lactation, including milk from both healthy and diseased quarters (n = 1,172). The milk microbiome from infected quarters was compared before, during, and after CM. A combination of 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing was used generate data sets with a high level of both depth and breadth. The microbial diversity present in raw milk significantly decreased in quarters experiencing E. coli CM, indicating that E. coli displaces other members of the microbiome. However, the diversity recovered very rapidly after infection. Two genera, Staphylococcus and Aerococcus, and the family Oscillospiraceae were significantly more abundant in healthy quarters with low inflammation. Species of these genera, Staphylococcus auricularis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Aerocussus urinaeequi, were identified by metagenomics. Thus, these species are of interest for optimizing the microbiome to discourage E. coli colonization without triggering inflammation.IMPORTANCEIn this study, we show that E. coli outcompetes and displaces several members of the udder microbiome during CM, but that microbial diversity recovers post-infection. In milk from quarters which remained healthy, the community composition was often highly dominated by S. auricularis, S. haemolyticus, A. urinaeequi, and S. marcescens without increases in somatic cell count (SCC). Community dominance by these organisms, without inflammation, could indicate that these species might have potential as prophylactic probiotics which could contribute to colonization resistance and prevent future instances of E. coli CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Jung
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Soyoun Park
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Daryna Kurban
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Dufour
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Ronholm
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
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Chen SY, Yang RS, Ci BQ, Xin WG, Zhang QL, Lin LB, Wang F. A novel bacteriocin against multiple foodborne pathogens from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus isolated from juice ferments: ATF perfusion-based preparation of viable cells, characterization, antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100484. [PMID: 37033741 PMCID: PMC10074539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens and their biofilms pose a risk to human health through food chain. However, the bacteriocin resources combating this threat are still limited. Here, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, one of the most used probiotics in food industry, was prepared on a large scale using alternating tangential flow (ATF) perfusion-based technology. Compared to the conventional fed-batch approach, ATF perfusion remarkably increased the viable cells of L. rhamnosus CLK 101 to 11.93 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL. Based on obtained viable cells, we purified and characterized a novel bacteriocin CLK_01 with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative foodborne pathogens. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that CLK_01 has a molecular mass of 701.49 Da and a hydrophobic amino acid composition of I-K-K-V-T-I. As a novel bacteriocin, CLK_01 showed high thermal stability and acid-base tolerance over 25-121 °C and pH 2-10. It significantly reduced cell viability of bacterial pathogens (p < 0.001), and strongly inhibited their biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated deformation of pathogenic cells caused by CLK_01, leading to cytoplasmic content leakage and bacterial death. Summarily, we employed ATF perfusion to obtain viable L. rhamnosus, and presented that bacteriocin CLK_01 could serve as a promising biopreservative for controlling foodborne pathogenic bacteria and their biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Rui-Si Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bai-Quan Ci
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei-Gang Xin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, 650500, China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Kunming, 650500, China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Park S, Jung D, Altshuler I, Kurban D, Dufour S, Ronholm J. A longitudinal census of the bacterial community in raw milk correlated with Staphylococcus aureus clinical mastitis infections in dairy cattle. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:59. [PMID: 36434660 PMCID: PMC9701008 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cattle. Optimizing the bovine mammary gland microbiota to resist S. aureus colonization is a growing area of research. However, the details of the interbacterial interactions between S. aureus and commensal bacteria, which would be required to manipulate the microbiome to resist infection, are still unknown. This study aims to characterize changes in the bovine milk bacterial community before, during, and after S. aureus CM and to compare bacterial communities present in milk between infected and healthy quarters. METHODS We collected quarter-level milk samples from 698 Holstein dairy cows over an entire lactation. A total of 11 quarters from 10 cows were affected by S. aureus CM and milk samples from these 10 cows (n = 583) regardless of health status were analyzed by performing 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. RESULTS The milk microbiota of healthy quarters was distinguishable from that of S. aureus CM quarters two weeks before CM diagnosis via visual inspection. Microbial network analysis showed that 11 OTUs had negative associations with OTU0001 (Staphylococcus). A low diversity or dysbiotic milk microbiome did not necessarily correlate with increased inflammation. Specifically, Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Aerococcus urinaeequi were each abundant in milk from the quarters with low levels of inflammation. CONCLUSION Our results show that the udder microbiome is highly dynamic, yet a change in the abundance in certain bacteria can be a potential indicator of future S. aureus CM. This study has identified potential prophylactic bacterial species that could act as a barrier against S. aureus colonization and prevent future instances of S. aureus CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoun Park
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Dongyun Jung
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Ianina Altshuler
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daryna Kurban
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Dufour
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Ronholm
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
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Jiang YH, Xin WG, Zhang QL, Lin LB, Deng XY. A Novel Bacteriocin Against Shigella flexneri From Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Isolated From Tilapia Intestine: Purification, Antibacterial Properties and Antibiofilm Activity. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:779315. [PMID: 35069481 PMCID: PMC8769287 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few bacteriocins with antibacterial activity against Shigella flexneri have been reported. Here, a novel bacteriocin (LFX01) produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain LF-8 from the intestine of tilapia was purified and extensively characterized. LFX01 possesses a molecular weight of 1049.56 Da and an amino acid sequence of I-T-G-G-P-A-V-V-H-Q-A. LFX01 significantly inhibited S. flexneri strain 14 (S. flexneri_14) growth. Moreover, it exhibited excellent stability under heat and acid-base stress, and presented sensitivity to a variety of proteases, such as proteinase K, pepsin, and trypsin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of LFX01 against S. flexneri_14 was 12.65 μg/mL, which was smaller than that of most of the previously found bacteriocins. Furthermore, LFX01 significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) S. flexneri_14 cells and decreased their cell viability. In addition, LFX01 could significantly (p < 0.05) inhibit biofilm formation of S. flexneri_14. Scanning electron microscopy analysis presented that the cell membrane permeability of S. flexneri_14 was demolished by LFX01, leading to cytoplasmic contents leakage and cell rupture death. In summary, a novel bacteriocin of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was found, which could effectively control S. flexneri in both planktonic and biofilm states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Wei-Gang Xin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xian-Yu Deng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Mun D, Kim H, Shin M, Ryu S, Song M, Oh S, Kim Y. Decoding the intestinal microbiota repertoire of sow and weaned pigs using culturomic and metagenomic approaches. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 63:1423-1432. [PMID: 34957455 PMCID: PMC8672247 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2021.e124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the role and mechanism of microbes, we combined culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to investigate differences in gut bacterial composition between sows and weaned pigs. Under anaerobic conditions, several nonselective and selective media were used for isolation from fecal samples. All isolated bacteria were identified and classified through 16S rRNA sequencing, and the microbiota composition of the fecal samples was analyzed by metagenomics using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. A total of 278 and 149 colonies were acquired from the sow and weaned pig fecal samples, respectively. Culturomics analysis revealed that diverse bacterial genus and species belonged to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were isolated from sow and weaned pigs. When comparing culture-dependent and culture-independent analyses, 191 bacterial species and 2 archaeal bacterial species were detected through culture-independent analysis, and a total of 23 bacteria were isolated through a culture-dependent approach, of which 65% were not detected by metagenomics. In conclusion, culturomics and metagenomics should be properly combined to fully understand the intestinal microbiota, and livestock-derived microbial resources should be informed by culturomic approaches to understand and utilize the mechanism of host-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daye Mun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hayoung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minhye Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sangdon Ryu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Wang T, Dai MZ, Liu FS, Cao BB, Guo J, Shen JQ, Li CQ. Probiotics Modulate Intestinal Motility and Inflammation in Zebrafish Models. Zebrafish 2020; 17:382-393. [PMID: 33232637 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to assess effects of three strains of probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 on the intestinal motility and inflammation in the zebrafish models. The intestinal motility model was established using 5 days postfertilization (dpf) zebrafish administered with a fluorescent dye Nile red at 10 ng/mL for 16 h, followed by probiotics treatment for 24 h and the intestinal motility was inversely proportional to the intestinal fluorescence intensity that was quantitatively measured by image analysis. The intestinal inflammation was induced by treating 3 dpf neutrophil fluorescent zebrafish with 0.0125% of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid for 48 h. Probiotics were administered at low, moderate, and high concentrations determined based on maximum tolerable concentration through soaking. All three strains of probiotics promoted intestinal movement, of which B. animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 was most potent at lower concentrations. L. rhamnosus HN001 and B. animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 had the therapeutic effects on the intestinal inflammation and the inflammation-associated mucosal damage recovery. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of L. rhamnosus HN001 was related to both reduce inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6) and restored tissue repair factor transforming growth factor-β-1 (TGFβ-1); whereas B. animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 was probably only associated with TGFβ-1 elevation. Using larval zebrafish models for probiotics screening and assessment would speed up product research and development and improve products' efficacy and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Jie Guo
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Ja-Qi Shen
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Qi Li
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for the Safety Evaluation Technology of Health Products, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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