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Kenfaoui J, Dutilloy E, Benchlih S, Lahlali R, Ait-Barka E, Esmaeel Q. Bacillus velezensis: a versatile ally in the battle against phytopathogens-insights and prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:439. [PMID: 39145847 PMCID: PMC11327198 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The escalating interest in Bacillus velezensis as a biocontrol agent arises from its demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting both phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria, positioning it as a promising candidate for biotechnological applications. This mini review aims to offer a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted properties of B. velezensis, with particular focus on its beneficial interactions with plants and its potential for controlling phytopathogenic fungi. The molecular dialogues involving B. velezensis, plants, and phytopathogens are scrutinized to underscore the intricate mechanisms orchestrating these interactions. Additionally, the review elucidates the mode of action of B. velezensis, particularly through cyclic lipopeptides, highlighting their importance in biocontrol and promoting plant growth. The agricultural applications of B. velezensis are detailed, showcasing its role in enhancing crop health and productivity while reducing reliance on chemical pesticides. Furthermore, the review extends its purview in the industrial and environmental arenas, highlighting its versatility across various sectors. By addressing challenges such as formulation optimization and regulatory frameworks, the review aims to chart a course for the effective utilization of B. velezensis. KEY POINTS: • B. velezensis fights phytopathogens, boosting biotech potential • B. velezensis shapes agri-biotech future, offers sustainable solutions • Explores plant-B. velezensis dialogue, lipopeptide potential showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Kenfaoui
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Emma Dutilloy
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100, Reims, France
- Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory, Terra Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Salma Benchlih
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Department of Plant Protection, Phytopathology Unit, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, 50001, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Essaid Ait-Barka
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100, Reims, France.
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2
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Chua RW, Song KP, Ting ASY. Characterization and identification of antimicrobial compounds from endophytic Fusarium incarnatum isolated from Cymbidium orchids. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:977-992. [PMID: 37975992 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized and identified the antimicrobial compounds from an endophytic fungus (Fusarium incarnatum (C4)) isolated from the orchid, Cymbidium sp. Chromatographic techniques were employed to separate the bioactive compounds from the crude extracts of F. incarnatum (C4). Following bio-guided fractionation, two fractionated extracts (fractions 1 and 2) of F. incarnatum (C4) exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activities against Bacillus cereus (MIC: 0.156 mg/mL) and Ganoderma boninense (MIC: 0.3125 mg/mL), respectively. The active fractions were discovered to comprise of a variety of bioactive compounds with pharmacological importance (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, peptides and fatty acids). Liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (LCMS) analysis detected the presence of antibacterial (kanzonol N, rifaximin, linoleic acid (d4), cannabisativine, docosanedioic acid, and stearamide) and antifungal components (3-methyl-quinolin-2-ol, prothiocarb, kanzonol N, peganine, 5Z-tridecene, and tetronasin) in fractions 1 and 2, respectively, which may have contributed to the antimicrobial effects. Findings from this study highlighted the important potential of fungal endophytes from medicinal hosts as producers of antimicrobials and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wei Chua
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keang Peng Song
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adeline Su Yien Ting
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Barajas González JA, de la Rosa YEK, Carrillo-González R, González-Chávez MDCÁ, Hidalgo Lara ME, Soto Hernández RM, Herrera Cabrera BE. NaCl Modifies Biochemical Traits in Bacterial Endophytes Isolated from Halophytes: Towards Salinity Stress Mitigation Using Consortia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1626. [PMID: 38931058 PMCID: PMC11207235 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial endophytes (120) were isolated from six halophytes (Distichlis spicata, Cynodon dactylon, Eragrostis obtusiflora, Suaeda torreyana, Kochia scoparia, and Baccharis salicifolia). These halophiles were molecularly identified and characterized with or without NaCl conditions. Characterization was based on tests such as indole acetic acid (IAA), exopolysaccharides (EPS), and siderophores (SID) production; solubilization of phosphate (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn); mineralization of phytate; enzymatic activity (acid and alkaline phosphatase, phytases, xylanases, and chitinases) and the mineralization/solubilization mechanisms involved (organic acids and sugars). Moreover, compatibility among bacteria was assessed. Eleven halophiles were characterized as highly tolerant to NaCl (2.5 M). The bacteria isolated were all different from each other. Two belonged to Bacillus velezensis and one to B. pumilus while the rest of bacteria were identified up to the genus level as belonging to Bacillus, Halobacillus, Halomonas, Pseudomonas, Nesterenkonia, and three strains of Oceanobacillus. The biochemical responses of nutrient solubilization and enzymatic activity were different between bacteria and were influenced by the presence of NaCl. Organic acids were involved in P mineralization and nutrient solubilization. Tartaric acid was common in the solubilization of P, Zn, and K. Maleic and vanillic acid were only detected in Zn and K solubilization, respectively. Furthermore, sugars appeared to be involved in the solubilization of nutrients; fructose was detected in the solubilization tests. Therefore, these biochemical bacterial characteristics should be corroborated in vivo and tested as a consortium to mitigate saline stress in glycophytes under a global climate change scheme that threatens to exacerbate soil salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Adrián Barajas González
- Programa en Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carr. México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo 56230, Mexico; (J.A.B.G.); (R.C.-G.)
| | - Yersaín Ely Keller de la Rosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, CINVESTAV, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (Y.E.K.d.l.R.); (M.E.H.L.)
| | - Rogelio Carrillo-González
- Programa en Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carr. México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo 56230, Mexico; (J.A.B.G.); (R.C.-G.)
| | | | - María Eugenia Hidalgo Lara
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, CINVESTAV, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (Y.E.K.d.l.R.); (M.E.H.L.)
| | - Ramón Marcos Soto Hernández
- Programa en Botánica, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carr. México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo 56230, Mexico;
| | - Braulio Edgar Herrera Cabrera
- Programa en Estrategias de Desarrollo Agrícola Regional, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Puebla, Carr. Fed. Mex-Pue, Puebla 72130, Mexico;
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Fei Z, Xie H, Xie D, Wang M, Du Q, Jin P. Structural characterization and high-efficiency prebiotic activity of the polysaccharide from Tremella aurantialba endophytic bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129347. [PMID: 38224808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the low-molecular-weight heteropolysaccharide (designated as TABP), with a weight-average Mw of 5408 Da, was produced by the endophytic bacterium Bacillus sp. TAB, which was initially isolated from the fruiting bodies of the wild Tremella aurantialba. A relatively high TABP accumulation was obtained and enhanced to 6.94 g/L in 5 L fed-batch fermentation by high-density cultivation. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that the TABP comprised arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, and mannose with a molar ratio of 0.073: 0.145: 0.406: 0.182: 0.195, respectively. Methylation and NMR analyses indicated that TABP contained 1,4-linked β-d-Galp and 1,4-linked β-d-Manp pyranosyl backbone, extensively substituted at the side chains to form a complex structure. Prebiotic potential analysis exhibited significant growth-promoting effects for various lactic acid bacteria by more than 90 %. Overall, this study initially provides valuable insights into the endophytic exopolysaccharides from T. aurantialba and their biological activity, which provides prospective sources of prebiotics for functional foods and aids in understanding the endophytes symbiosis mechanism in edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqi Fei
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Huiqin Xie
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Dongchao Xie
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Man Wang
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Qizhen Du
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Peng Jin
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
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Singh S, Nwagwu E, Young L, Kumar P, Shinde PB, Edrada-Ebel R. Targeted Isolation of Antibiofilm Compounds from Halophytic Endophyte Bacillus velezensis 7NPB-3B Using LC-HR-MS-Based Metabolomics. Microorganisms 2024; 12:413. [PMID: 38399817 PMCID: PMC10891937 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new natural products has become more challenging because of the re-isolation of compounds and the lack of new sources. Microbes dwelling in extreme conditions of high salinity and temperature are huge prospects for interesting natural metabolites. In this study, the endophytic bacteria Bacillus velezensis 7NPB-3B isolated from the halophyte Salicornia brachiata was screened for its biofilm inhibition against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The fractionation of the crude extract was guided by bioassay and LC-HRMS-based metabolomics using multivariate analysis. The 37 fractions obtained by high-throughput chromatography were dereplicated using an in-house MS-Excel macro coupled with the Dictionary of Natural Products database. Successive bioactivity-guided separation yielded one novel compound (1), a diketopiperazine (m/z 469.258 [M - H]-) with an attached saturated decanoic acid chain, and four known compounds (2-5). The compounds were identified based on 1D- and 2D-NMR and mass spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 5 exhibited excellent biofilm inhibition properties of >90% against the MRSA pathogen at minimum inhibition concentrations of 25 and 35 µg/mL, respectively. The investigation resulted in the isolation of a novel diketopiperazine from a bacterial endophyte of an untapped plant using an omics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Singh
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, India; (S.S.); (P.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (E.N.); (L.Y.)
| | - Elizabeth Nwagwu
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (E.N.); (L.Y.)
| | - Louise Young
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (E.N.); (L.Y.)
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, India; (S.S.); (P.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pramod B. Shinde
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, India; (S.S.); (P.K.)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, The John Arbuthnott Building, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; (E.N.); (L.Y.)
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Tamang A, Swarnkar M, Kumar P, Kumar D, Pandey SS, Hallan V. Endomicrobiome of in vitro and natural plants deciphering the endophytes-associated secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Picrorhiza kurrooa, a Himalayan medicinal herb. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0227923. [PMID: 37811959 PMCID: PMC10715050 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02279-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Picrorhiza kurrooa is a major source of picrosides, potent hepatoprotective molecules. Due to the ever-increasing demands, overexploitation has caused an extensive decline in its population in the wild and placed it in the endangered plants' category. At present plant in-vitro systems are widely used for the sustainable generation of P. kurrooa plants, and also for the conservation of other commercially important, rare, endangered, and threatened plant species. Furthermore, the in-vitro-generated plants had reduced content of therapeutic secondary metabolites compared to their wild counterparts, and the reason behind, not well-explored. Here, we revealed the loss of plant-associated endophytic communities during in-vitro propagation of P. kurrooa plants which also correlated to in-planta secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Therefore, this study emphasized to consider the essential role of plant-associated endophytic communities in in-vitro practices which may be the possible reason for reduced secondary metabolites in in-vitro plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Tamang
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Mohit Swarnkar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
- Chemical Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shiv Shanker Pandey
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
| | - Vipin Hallan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India
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Lovecká P, Kroneislová G, Novotná Z, Röderová J, Demnerová K. Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Miscanthus giganteus and Their Antifungal Activity. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2710. [PMID: 38004722 PMCID: PMC10672898 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern technologies can satisfy human needs only with the use of large quantities of fertilizers and pesticides that are harmful to the environment. For this reason, it is possible to develop new technologies for sustainable agriculture. The process could be carried out by using endophytic microorganisms with a (possible) positive effect on plant vitality. Bacterial endophytes have been reported as plant growth promoters in several kinds of plants under normal and stressful conditions. In this study, isolates of bacterial endophytes from the roots and leaves of Miscanthus giganteus plants were tested for the presence of plant growth-promoting properties and their ability to inhibit pathogens of fungal origin. Selected bacterial isolates were able to solubilize inorganic phosphorus, fix nitrogen, and produce phytohormones, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, and siderophore. Leaf bacterial isolate Pantoea ananat is 50 OL 2 had high production of siderophores (zone ≥ 5 mm), and limited phytohormone production, and was the only one to show ACC deaminase activity. The root bacterial isolate of Pseudomonas libanensis 5 OK 7A showed the best results in phytohormone production (N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine and indole-3-acetic acid, 11.7 and 12.6 ng·mL-1, respectively). Four fungal cultures-Fusarium sporotrichioides DBM 4330, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum SS-1, Botrytis cinerea DS 90 and Sphaerodes fimicola DS 93-were used to test the antifungal activity of selected bacterial isolates. These fungal cultures represent pathogenic families, especially for crops. All selected root endophyte isolates inhibited the pathogenic growth of all tested fungi with inhibition percentages ranging from 30 to 60%. Antifungal activity was also tested in two forms of immobilization of selected bacterial isolates: one in agar and the other on dextrin-coated cellulose carriers. These results demonstrated that the endophytic Pseudomonas sp. could be used as biofertilizers for crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Lovecká
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Kroneislová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Novotná
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Röderová
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Demnerová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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Gorai PS, Ghosh R, Ghosh S, Samanta S, Sen A, Panja S, Gond SK, Mandal NC. Management of Black Root Disease-Causing Fungus Fusarium solani CRP1 by Endophytic Bacillus siamensis CNE6 through Its Metabolites and Activation of Plant Defense Genes. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0308222. [PMID: 36744908 PMCID: PMC10101116 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03082-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Black root rot disease of Cicer arietinum L. is accountable for substantial loss in chickpea production worldwide. Endophytic Bacillus siamensis CNE6 has previously shown multifaceted plant growth-promoting, broad-spectrum antifungal, and chickpea plant-colonizing potential. In the present study, the strain Bacillus siamensis CNE6 was used for controlling black root rot disease caused by Fusarium solani CRP1 in chickpea. CNE6 showed strong antagonistic potential against CRP1 both in vivo and in vitro. Scanning electron microscopic studies indicated cellular deformation of CRP1 due to production of β-glucanase, protease, and other secondary metabolites. A total of five compounds were detected from the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of CNE6 through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. A confocal microscopic study demonstrated strong inhibition of biofilm formation of the pathogen CRP1 by the EA fraction of CFS of CNE6. Molecular docking analysis revealed that one compound, (2E)-6-methoxy-2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-3-one, may inhibit the activity of lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase, which is involved in ergosterol biosynthesis and beta-tubulin assembling. In vivo experiments also showed the efficacy of CNE6 for increasing chickpea growth as well as upregulation of four defense genes (CHI1, PAMP, PR2B, and TF1082) upon pathogenic challenge. Thus, our results strongly suggest a positive role for CNE6 as a prospective biocontrol agent for combating Fusarium solani in chickpea. IMPORTANCE The present work was undertaken to explore an effective biocontrol agent against the destructive black root rot disease of chickpea. We have used an efficient bacterial endophyte, CNE6, which can colonize in the chickpea root system, produce secondary metabolites and enzymes to degrade pathogenic cellular integrity, inhibit pathogenic establishment by rupturing biofilm formation, and induce host immunity upon treatment. Interaction of the bacterial metabolite was also observed with lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase, which is an important component in fungal membrane functioning. Being an endophyte, Bacillus siamensis CNE6 fulfills a suitable criterion as a biocontrol agent to control black root rot disease in chickpea and has huge prospects for use commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pralay Shankar Gorai
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
| | - Ranjan Ghosh
- Department of Botany, Bankura Sammilani College, Bankura, India
| | - Suvranil Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Smriti Samanta
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
| | - Animesh Sen
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Suraj Panja
- Rice Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
| | | | - Narayan Chandra Mandal
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
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Vlajkov V, Pajčin I, Loc M, Budakov D, Dodić J, Grahovac M, Grahovac J. The Effect of Cultivation Conditions on Antifungal and Maize Seed Germination Activity of Bacillus-Based Biocontrol Agent. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120797. [PMID: 36551004 PMCID: PMC9774550 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination is a global risk and a concerning problem threatening food safety. The biotechnological answer lies in the production of biocontrol agents that are effective against aflatoxins producers. In addition to their biocontrol effect, microbial-based products are recognized as efficient biosolutions for plant nutrition and growth promotion. The present study addresses the characterization of the representative of Phaseolus vulgaris rhizosphere microbiome, Bacillus sp. BioSol021, regarding plant growth promotion traits, including the activity of protease, cellulase, xylanase, and pectinase with the enzymatic activity index values 1.06, 2.04, 2.41, and 3.51, respectively. The potential for the wider commercialization of this kind of product is determined by the possibility of developing a scalable bioprocess solution suitable for technology transfer to an industrial scale. Therefore, the study addresses one of the most challenging steps in bioprocess development, including the production scale-up from the Erlenmeyer flask to the laboratory bioreactor. The results indicated the influence of the key bioprocess parameters on the dual mechanism of action of biocontrol effects against the aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus, as well on maize seed germination activity, pointing out the positive impact of high aeration intensity and agitation rate, resulting in inhibition zone diameters of 60 mm, a root length 96 mm, and a shoot length 27 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanja Vlajkov
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence: (V.V.); (J.G.)
| | - Ivana Pajčin
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marta Loc
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragana Budakov
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dodić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mila Grahovac
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jovana Grahovac
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence: (V.V.); (J.G.)
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Li B, Wan J, Sha J, Tian M, Wang M, Zhang X, Sun W, Mao Y, Min J, Qin Y, Liu Y, Wang W, He X. Genomics assisted functional characterization of Bacillus velezensis E as a biocontrol and growth promoting bacterium for lily. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:976918. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.976918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lily (Lilium spp.) is one of the most famous ornamental flowers globally. Lily basal rot (also known as root rot or stem rot) and lily gray mold have seriously affected the yield and quality of lily, resulting in huge economic losses. In this study, bacterial strain E was isolated from a continuous lily cropping field. Strain E displayed high control efficiency against lily basal rot and gray mold, caused by Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea respectively, and promoted the occurrence of scale bulblets. Strain E displayed strong inhibitory effects against several other plant pathogenic fungi and two pathogenic bacteria in dual culture and disc diffusion assays, respectively. Whole genome sequencing revealed that strain E contained a 3,929,247 bp circular chromosome with 4,056 protein-coding genes and an average GC content of 47.32%. Strain E was classified as Bacillus velezensis using genome-based phylogenetic analysis and average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization analyses. A total of 86 genes and 13 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters involved in antifungal and antibacterial activity, plant growth promotion, colonization, nutrient uptake and availability were identified in the genome of strain E. In vitro biochemical assays showed that strain E produced siderophores, proteases, cellulases, biofilms, antifungal and antibacterial substances, and exhibited organic phosphate solubilization and swimming and swarming motility, which were consistent with the results of the genome analysis. Colonization analysis showed that strain E could colonize the root of the lily, but not the leaf. Overall, these results demonstrate that B. velezensis strain E can be used as a potential biofertilizer and biocontrol agent for lily production.
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11
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Shi H, Lu L, Ye J, Shi L. Effects of Two Bacillus Velezensis Microbial Inoculants on the Growth and Rhizosphere Soil Environment of Prunus davidiana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13639. [PMID: 36362427 PMCID: PMC9657632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial inoculants, as harmless, efficient, and environmentally friendly plant growth promoters and soil conditioners, are attracting increasing attention. In this study, the effects of Bacillus velezensis YH-18 and B. velezensis YH-20 on Prunus davidiana growth and rhizosphere soil bacterial community in continuously cropped soil were investigated by inoculation tests. The results showed that in a pot seedling experiment, inoculation with YH-18 and YH-20 resulted in a certain degree of increase in diameter growth, plant height, and leaf area at different time periods of 180 days compared with the control. Moreover, after 30 and 90 days of inoculation, the available nutrients in the soil were effectively improved, which protected the continuously cropped soil from acidification. In addition, high-throughput sequencing showed that inoculation with microbial inoculants effectively slowed the decrease in soil microbial richness and diversity over a one-month period. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were significantly enriched on the 30th day. At the genus level, Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas were significantly enriched at 15 and 30 days, respectively. These bacterial phyla and genera can effectively improve the soil nutrient utilization rate, antagonize plant pathogenic bacteria, and benefit the growth of plants. Furthermore, inoculation with YH-18 and inoculation with YH-20 resulted in similar changes in the rhizosphere microbiome. This study provides a basis for the short-term effect of microbial inoculants on the P. davidiana rhizosphere microbiome and has application value for promoting the cultivation and production of high-quality fruit trees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianren Ye
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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12
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Mahdi I, Allaoui A, Fahsi N, Biskri L. Bacillus velezensis QA2 Potentially Induced Salt Stress Tolerance and Enhanced Phosphate Uptake in Quinoa Plants. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091836. [PMID: 36144437 PMCID: PMC9505587 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have attracted much attention in agriculture biotechnology as biological inputs to sustain crop production. The present study describes a halotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacterium associated with quinoa plant roots. Based on a metabolic screening, one bacterial isolate, named QA2, was selected and screened for PGPR traits. This isolate solubilized both inorganic phosphate and zinc, produced indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, cellulase, and (to be deleted) protease, and induced biofilm formation. We demonstrated that QA2 exhibited both antimicrobial and ion metabolism activities and tolerated high salt concentration at up to 11% NaCl. Genotyping analyses, using 16S rRNA and chaperonin cpn60 genes, revealed that QA2 belongs to the species of Bacillus velezensis. Using the quinoa model cultivated under a saline condition, we demonstrated that QA2 promoted plant growth and mitigated the saline irrigation effects. Analysis of harvested plants revealed that QA2 induced a significant increase of both leaf chlorophyll index by 120.86% (p < 0.05) and P uptake by 41.17% (p < 0.05), while the content of Na+ was drastically decreased. Lastly, a bibliometric data analysis highlighted the panoramic view of studies carried out so far on B. velezensis strains. Our investigation presents a holistic view of the potential application of B. velezensis as a biological inoculant to promote plant growth, control pathogen attacks, and mitigate the salinity effect of quinoa plants. Further investigations are still needed to demonstrate these effects in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Mahdi
- Microbiology Laboratory, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Abdelmounaaim Allaoui
- Microbiology Laboratory, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Nidal Fahsi
- Microbiology Laboratory, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Latefa Biskri
- Microbiology Laboratory, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
- African Genome Center (AGC), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +212-52502926
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13
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Zhou L, Wang J, Wu F, Yin C, Kim KH, Zhang Y. Termite Nest Associated Bacillus siamensis YC-9 Mediated Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:893393. [PMID: 35722323 PMCID: PMC9198579 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.893393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The antagonistic potential of bacteria obtained from the nest of Odontotermes formosanus was assessed against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC). Of 30, seven termite nest-associated bacteria strains had biocontrol potential. Among them, the strain YC-9 showed the strongest antifungal activity toward FOC. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA amplified product of YC-9 revealed its identification as Bacillus siamensis. The in vivo antifungal activity experiment showed that the application of YC-9 at 108 cfu/ml significantly reduced the cucumber wilt incidence with a control efficacy of 73.2%. Furthermore, plant growth parameters such as fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and root height were significantly improved by 42.6, 53.0, 20.8, and 19.3%, respectively. We found that inoculation with B. siamensis YC-9 significantly increased the activity of defensive enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) in diseased cucumber roots, thereby raising the resistance. PCR using gene-specific primers revealed that B. siamensis YC-9 contains biosynthetic genes for known antibiotics, including bacillomycin, iturin, and surfactin. Chemical analysis of the cultivation of B. siamensis YC-9 resulted in the isolation of five metabolites, including hexadecanoic acid (1), cyclo-(L-phenylalanylglycine) (2), cyclo-(L-trans-Hyp-L-Leu) (3), C15-surfactin (4), and macrolactin A (5), the structures of which were identified by the analysis of NMR spectroscopic data and MS. Among them, the compound 4 showed significant antifungal activity against conidial germination of FOC with an IC50 value of 5.1 μg/ml, which was comparable to that of the positive control, cycloheximide (IC50 value of 2.6 μg/ml). Based on these findings, this study suggests that termite-nest associated B. siamensis YC-9 could be a potential biological control agent for integrated control of soil-borne diseases like cucumber Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Caiping Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yinglao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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14
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Liu L, Ji Z, Zhao K, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Huang S. Validation of housekeeping genes as internal controls for gene expression studies on biofilm formation in Bacillus velezensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2079-2089. [PMID: 35171340 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus velezensis is an important bacterium widely applied in agriculture and industry, and biofilms play critical roles in its environmental tolerance. The appropriate choice of reference genes is essential for key gene expression studies. Multiple internal control genes were selected and validated from the 21 housekeeping genes of B. velezensis by expression stability evaluation during biofilm formation and were used to study the expression of key genes involved in the process. The results showed that pyk, gyrA, recA, and gyrB were stably expressed, and the expression of pyk was the most stable during biofilm formation. A pair of two genes, pyk and gyrA, provided high-quality data when used as internal controls, and the combination of three genes, pyk, gyrA, and recA, was even better. The expression levels of pyk, gyrA, and recA approximated those of five key genes, abrB, epsD, kinC, sinR, and tasA, in biofilm formation, meeting the requirements of ideal internal control genes. The expression patterns of 5 key genes were studied with 16S, pyk, the pair of 2 genes, pyk and gyrA, and the combination of 3 genes, pyk, gyrA, and recA, as internal controls during the biofilm formation process. The results proved that pyk was a suitable internal control, as were the pair of 2 genes, pyk and gyrA, and the combination of 3 genes, pyk, gyrA, and recA. This study provided genes and gene combinations which were validated as suitable internal controls for gene expression studies, especially those on the mechanism of biofilm formation in B. velezensis or even other Bacillus spp. KEY POINTS: • Reference genes is necessary for gene expression study in biofilm formation of Bacillus velezensis • Pyk and 2 gene combinations were selected and validated from 21 common used genes • Expression of key genes in biofilm formation was normalized with the selected internal controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 311400, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiming Ji
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huaihua University, Huaihua, 418000, China
| | - Kehan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 311400, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 311400, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 311400, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, 311400, Hangzhou, China. .,College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, 530003, Nanning, China.
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15
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Yuan H, Shi B, Wang L, Huang T, Zhou Z, Hou H, Tu H. Isolation and Characterization of Bacillus velezensis Strain P2-1 for Biocontrol of Apple Postharvest Decay Caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:808938. [PMID: 35058916 PMCID: PMC8764377 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.808938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeria dothidea causes apple ring rot, which is among the most prevalent postharvest diseases of apples and causes significant economic loss during storage. In this study, we investigated the biocontrol activity and possible mechanism of Bacillus velezensis strain P2-1 isolated from apple branches against B. dothidea in postharvest apple fruit. The results showed strain P2-1, one of the 80 different endophytic bacterial strains from apple branches, exhibited strong inhibitory effects against B. dothidea growth and resulted in hyphal deformity. B. velezensis P2-1 treatment significantly reduced the ring rot caused by B. dothidea. Additionally, the supernatant of strain P2-1 exhibited antifungal activity against B. dothidea. Re-isolation assay indicated the capability of strain P2-1 to colonize and survive in apple fruit. PCR and qRT-PCR assays revealed that strain P2-1 harbored the gene clusters required for biosynthesis of antifungal lipopeptides and polyketides. Strain P2-1 treatment significantly enhanced the expression levels of pathogenesis-related genes (MdPR1 and MdPR5) but did not significantly affect apple fruit qualities (measured in fruit firmness, titratable acid, ascorbic acid, and soluble sugar). Thus, our results suggest that B. velezensis strain P2-1 is a biocontrol agent against B. dothidea-induced apple postharvest decay. It acts partially by inhibiting mycelial growth of B. dothidea, secreting antifungal substances, and inducing apple defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yuan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingke Shi
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Lab of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianxiang Huang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhou
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Hou
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Tu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Khalil AT, Shinwari ZK. Utilization of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) Against Phytopathogens. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04805-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Gupta R, Elkabetz D, Leibman-Markus M, Sayas T, Schneider A, Jami E, Kleiman M, Bar M. Cytokinin drives assembly of the phyllosphere microbiome and promotes disease resistance through structural and chemical cues. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:122-137. [PMID: 34272494 PMCID: PMC8692462 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone cytokinin (CK) is an important developmental regulator, promoting morphogenesis and delaying differentiation and senescence. From developmental processes, to growth, to stress tolerance, CKs are central in plant life. CKs are also known to mediate plant immunity and disease resistance, and several classes of microbes can also produce CKs, affecting the interaction with their plant hosts. While host species and genotype can be a driving force in shaping the plant microbiome, how plant developmental hormones such as CK can shape the microbiome is largely uninvestigated. Here, we examined the relationship between CK and the phyllosphere microbiome, finding that CK acts as a selective force in microbiome assembly, increasing richness, and promoting the presence of Firmicutes. CK-mediated immunity was found to partially depend on the microbial community, and bacilli isolated from previously described CK-rich plant genotypes, which overexpress a CK biosynthesis gene or have increased CK sensitivity, induced plant immunity, and promoted disease resistance. Using a biomimetic system, we investigated the relationship between the leaf microstructure, which is differentially patterned upon changes in CK content or signaling, and the growth of different phyllosphere microbes. We found that leaf structures derived from CK-rich plant genotypes support bacilli in the biomimetic system. CK was able to promote the growth, swarming, and biofilm formation of immunity inducing bacillus isolates in vitro. Overall, our results indicate that host genotype and hormonal profiles can act as a strong selective force in microbiome assembly, underlying differential immunity profiles, and pathogen resistance as a result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Gupta
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dorin Elkabetz
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Meirav Leibman-Markus
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Tali Sayas
- Department of Vegetable and Field crops, Plant Sciences Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Anat Schneider
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elie Jami
- Department of Ruminant Science, Animal Science Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Maya Kleiman
- Department of Vegetable and Field crops, Plant Sciences Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Agro-NanoTechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Maya Bar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
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18
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Rabbee MF, Islam N, Baek KH. Biocontrol of citrus bacterial canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri by Bacillus velezensis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 29:2363-2371. [PMID: 35531204 PMCID: PMC9072923 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms with biocontrol capabilities against plant pathogens are considered as one of the most promising approaches for healthy crop management. In this study, ethyl acetate extracts of 25 Bacillus strains were investigated for their antagonistic effect on Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc), which causes the citrus bacterial canker (CBC) disease. Among them, 21 strains exerted antibacterial activity against wild-type Xcc strains. Based on the strength of the antibacterial activity, nine Bacillus strains were selected for 16S rRNA analysis. 16S rRNA sequence homology revealed that several strains were closely related to B. velezensis, where strains with no antibacterial activity grouped as the soil-associated community of B. amyloliquefaciens. B. velezensis Bv-21 exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against wild type and streptomycin resistant Xcc with inhibition zones of 22.91 ± 0.45 and 20.28 ± 0.53, respectively. Furthermore, B. velezensis Bv-21 strain was tested for biocontrol activity against a streptomycin-resistant XccM4 in detached susceptible citrus leaves. The strain reduced the incidence of CBC by 26.30% and pathogen density of XccM4 by 81.68% over control. The results of the study strongly suggest that B. velezensis can be used as an effective and eco-friendly biocontrol agent either by itself or as an active compound, against both, the wild-type and streptomycin-resistant Xcc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fazle Rabbee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Nurul Islam
- Soil Resource Development Institute, Regional Office, Rajshahi 6000, Bangladesh
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author.
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Watroly MN, Sekar M, Fuloria S, Gan SH, Jeyabalan S, Wu YS, Subramaniyan V, Sathasivam KV, Ravi S, Mat Rani NNI, Lum PT, Vaijanathappa J, Meenakshi DU, Mani S, Fuloria NK. Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Rubiadin: A Promising Natural Anthraquinone for New Drug Discovery and Development. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4527-4549. [PMID: 34764636 PMCID: PMC8576757 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s338548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthraquinones (AQs) are found in a variety of consumer products, including foods, nutritional supplements, drugs, and traditional medicines, and have a wide range of pharmacological actions. Rubiadin, a 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methyl anthraquinone, primarily originates from Rubia cordifolia Linn (Rubiaceae). It was first discovered in 1981 and has been reported for many biological activities. However, no review has been reported so far to create awareness about this molecule and its role in future drug discovery. Therefore, the present review aimed to provide comprehensive evidence of Rubiadin's phytochemistry, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, biological properties and therapeutic potential. Relevant literature was gathered from numerous scientific databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar between 1981 and up-to-date. The distribution of Rubiadin in numerous medicinal plants, as well as its method of isolation, synthesis, characterisation, physiochemical properties and possible biosynthesis pathways, was extensively covered in this review. Following a rigorous screening and tabulating, a thorough description of Rubiadin's biological properties was gathered, which were based on scientific evidences. Rubiadin fits all five of Lipinski's rule for drug-likeness properties. Then, the in depth physiochemical characteristics of Rubiadin were investigated. The simple technique for Rubiadin's isolation from R. cordifolia and the procedure of synthesis was described. Rubiadin is also biosynthesized via the polyketide and chorismate/o-succinylbenzoic acid pathways. Rubiadin is a powerful molecule with anticancer, antiosteoporotic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antimalarial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. The mechanism of action for the majority of the pharmacological actions reported, however, is unknown. In addition to this review, an in silico molecular docking study was performed against proteins with PDB IDs: 3AOX, 6OLX, 6OSP, and 6SDC to support the anticancer properties of Rubiadin. The toxicity profile, pharmacokinetics and possible structural modifications were also described. Rubiadin was also proven to have the highest binding affinity to the targeted proteins in an in silico study; thus, we believe it may be a potential anticancer molecule. In order to present Rubiadin as a novel candidate for future therapeutic development, advanced studies on preclinical, clinical trials, bioavailability, permeability and administration of safe doses are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nasarudin Watroly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Srikanth Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | | | - Kathiresan V Sathasivam
- Faculty of Applied Science & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
| | - Subban Ravi
- Department of Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 640 021, India
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Jaishree Vaijanathappa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research Mauritius, Vacoas, Mauritius
| | | | - Shankar Mani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, Karnataka, 571418, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Kedah, 08100, Malaysia
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Cao P, Wei X, Wang G, Chen X, Han J, Li Y. Microbial inoculants and garbage fermentation liquid reduced root-knot nematode disease and As uptake in Panax quinquefolium cultivation by modulating rhizosphere microbiota community. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 14:58-69. [PMID: 36120127 PMCID: PMC9476822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To find a suitable ecological cultivation measure to solve the problem of root-knot nematode disease of Panax quinquefolium (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix) and the heavy metals accumulating in its roots. Methods Three-year-old P. quinquefolium was treated with four different combinations of microbial inoculant (MI) and garbage fermentation liquid (GFL) [the joint application of ‘TuXiu’ MI and Fifty potassium MI (TF), the combination use of ‘No. 1′ MI and Fifty potassium MI (NF), ‘Gulefeng’ poly-γ-glutamic acid MI (PGA), GFL], and the untreated control (CK). Here, high-throughput sequencing, ICP-MS and UPLC were employed to systematically characterize changes of microbial diversity and structure composition, heavy metals (As, Cd and Pb) content and ginsenoside content among different treatments. Results The results revealed that different MIs and GFL could increase the root dry weight of P. quinquefolium, PGA enhanced it by 83.24%, followed by GFL (49.93%), meanwhile, PGA and GFL were able to lessen root-knot nematode disease incidence by 57.25% and 64.35%. The treatment of PGA and GFL can also effectively reduce heavy metals in roots. The As content in GFL and PGA was decreased by 52.17% and 43.48% respectively, while the Cd and Pb contents of GFL and PGA was decreased somewhat. Additionally, the content of total ginsenosides was increased by 42.14% and 42.07%, in response to TF and NF, respectively. Our metagenomic analysis showed that the relative abundance of particular soil microbial community members related to the biocontrol of root-knot nematode disease and plant pathogen (i.e., Chaetomium in NF, Xylari in GFL, and Microascus in PGA), heavy metal bioremediation (Hyphomacrobium in PGA and Xylaria in GFL), and nitrogen fixation (Nordella and Nitrospira in TF) was significantly increased; notably, potential harmful microflora, such as Plectosaphaerella and Rhizobacter, were more abundant in the control group. Conclusion MI and GFL could improve the quality of P. quinquefolium by modifying its rhizosphere microbial community structure and composition, both of them are beneficial to the development of ecological cultivation of P. quinquefolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cao
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuemin Wei
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding authors.
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21
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Shin JH, Park BS, Kim HY, Lee KH, Kim KS. Antagonistic and Plant Growth-Promoting Effects of Bacillus velezensis BS1 Isolated from Rhizosphere Soil in a Pepper Field. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 37:307-314. [PMID: 34111920 PMCID: PMC8200578 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.03.2021.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important agricultural crop worldwide. Recently, Colletotrichum scovillei, a member of the C. acutatum species complex, was reported to be the dominant pathogen causing pepper anthracnose disease in South Korea. In the present study, we isolated bacterial strains from rhizosphere soil in a pepper field in Gangwon Province, Korea, and assessed their antifungal ability against C. scovillei strain KC05. Among these strains, a strain named BS1 significantly inhibited mycelial growth, appressorium formation, and disease development of C. scovillei. By combined sequence analysis using 16S rRNA and partial gyrA sequences, strain BS1 was identified as Bacillus velezensis, a member of the B. subtilis species complex. BS1 produced hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase and protease) and iron-chelating siderophores. It also promoted chili pepper (cv. Nockwang) seedling growth compared with untreated plants. The study concluded that B. velezensis BS1 has good potential as a biocontrol agent of anthracnose disease in chili pepper caused by C. scovillei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwan Shin
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences, BioHerb Research Institute, and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Byung-Seoung Park
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences, BioHerb Research Institute, and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hee-Yeong Kim
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences, BioHerb Research Institute, and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Lee
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences, BioHerb Research Institute, and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Kyoung Su Kim
- Division of Bio-Resource Sciences, BioHerb Research Institute, and Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Corresponding author. Phone) +82-33-250-6435, FAX) +82-33-259-5558 E-mail)
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