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Muhib F, Islam MD, Arafat MT. A study on the computational hemodynamic and mechanical parameters for understanding intracranial aneurysms of patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Junaidi MAR, Sista H, Kalluri RCM, Rao YVD, Gokhale AGK. Simulation of non-Newtonian flow of blood in a modified laparoscopic forceps used in minimally invasive surgery. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 24:1794-1806. [PMID: 34134562 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1919884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
During surgeries, blood often oozes out of the operated tissue and this has to be sucked out by the S-I device. Blood is more viscous than saline, the cleaning fluid is used in the S-I process. Therefore, for a more comprehensive CFD flow analysis of the improved forceps is simulated in the present work for different driving pressures. The resulting flow rate of blood is compared among the prospective designs and the S-I device currently in use. The new surgical forceps eliminates re-insertion of dissector with suction-irrigator and is reusable, multi-functional, non-toxic, corrosion resistant, toughened, and cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harsha Sista
- Mechanical Engineering Department, BITS Pilani, Hyderabad, India
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Cong M, Zhao H, Dai S, Chen C, Xu X, Qiu J, Qin S. Transient numerical simulation of the right coronary artery originating from the left sinus and the effect of its acute take-off angle on hemodynamics. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:2062-2075. [PMID: 33936987 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background An anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary artery sinus is usually characterized by an acute take-off angle. Most affected patients have no clinical symptoms; however, some patients have decreased blood flow into the right coronary artery during exercise, which can lead to symptoms such as myocardial ischemia. Most researchers who have studied an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary artery sinus have done so through clinical cases. In this study, we used numerical simulation to evaluate the hemodynamics of this condition and the effect of an acute take-off angle on hemodynamic parameters. We expect that the results of this study will help in further understanding the clinical symptoms of this anomaly and the hemodynamic impact of an acute take-off angle. Methods Three-dimensional models were reconstructed based on the computed tomography images from 16 patients with a normal right coronary artery and 26 patients with an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary artery sinus. A numerical simulation of a two-way fluid-structure interaction was executed with ANSYS Workbench software. The blood was assumed to be an incompressible Newtonian fluid, and the vessel was assumed to be an isotropic, linear elastic material. Hemodynamic parameters and the effect of an acute take-off angle were statistically analyzed. Results During the systolic period, the wall pressure in the right coronary artery was significantly reduced in patients with an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (t =1.32 s, P=0.0001; t =1.34-1.46 s, P<0.0001). The wall shear stress in the abnormal group was higher at the beginning of the systolic period (t =1.24 s, P=0.0473; t =1.26 s, P=0.0193; t =1.28 s, P=0.0441). The acute take-off angle was smaller in patients with clinical symptoms (27.81°±4.406°) than in patients without clinical symptoms (31.86°±2.789°; P=0.017). In the symptomatic group, pressure was negatively correlated with the acute take-off angle (P=0.0185-0.0341, r=-0.459 to -0.4167). Conclusions This study shows that an anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary artery sinus causes changes in hemodynamic parameters, and that an acute take-off angle in patients with this anomaly is associated with terminal ischemia of the right coronary artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Cong
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Huihui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China.,Center for Medical Engineer Technology Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Shun Dai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanzhi Chen
- Department of Radiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingming Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Tai'an, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China.,Center for Medical Engineer Technology Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Shengxue Qin
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Cong M, Xu X, Qiu J, Dai S, Chen C, Qian X, Zhang H, Qin S, Zhao H. Influence of malformation of right coronary artery originating from the left sinus in hemodynamic environment. Biomed Eng Online 2020; 19:59. [PMID: 32727522 PMCID: PMC7392689 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-020-00804-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (RCA) from the left coronary artery sinus (AORL) is one of the abnormal origins of the coronary arteries. Most of these issues rarely have any effects on human health, but some individuals may exhibit symptoms, such as myocardial ischemia or even sudden death. Recently, researchers have investigated the AORL through clinical cases, but studies based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have rarely been reported. In this study, the hemodynamic changes between the normal origin of the RCA and the AORL are compared based on numerical simulation results. Methods Realistic three-dimensional (3D) models of the 16 normal right coronary arteries and 26 abnormal origins of the RCAs were constructed, respectively. The blood flow was numerically simulated using the ANSYS software. This study used a one-way fluid–solid coupling finite element model, wherein the blood is assumed to be an incompressible Newtonian fluid, and the vessel is assumed to be made of an isotropic linear elastic material. Results The cross-sectional area differences between the inlet of the normal group and that of the abnormal group were significant (P < 0.0001). Moreover, there were significant differences in the volumetric flow (P = 0.0001) and pressure (P = 0.0002). Positive correlation exists for the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the RCA to the inlet area of the ascending aorta (AAO), and the ratio of the inlet volumetric flow of the RCA to the volumetric flow of the AAO, in the normal (P = 0.0001, r = 0.8178) and abnormal (P = 0.0033, r = 0.6107) groups. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the cross-sectional area of the AORL inlet may cause ischemia symptoms. The results obtained by this study may contribute to the further understanding of the clinical symptoms of the AORL based on the hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Cong
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Xingming Xu
- Intelligent Equipment College, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Taian, 271016, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.,Center for Medical Engineer Technology Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China
| | - Shun Dai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Chuanzhi Chen
- Department of Radiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiuqing Qian
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10060, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Shengxue Qin
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Huihui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China. .,Center for Medical Engineer Technology Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.
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Toufique Y, Bouhali O, Negre P, O' Doherty J. Simulation study of a coincidence detection system for non-invasive determination of arterial blood time-activity curve measurements. EJNMMI Phys 2020; 7:25. [PMID: 32383043 PMCID: PMC7205938 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-020-00297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arterial sampling in PET studies for the purposes of kinetic modeling remains an invasive, time-intensive, and expensive procedure. Alternatives to derive the blood time-activity curve (BTAC) non-invasively are either reliant on large vessels in the field of view or are laborious to implement and analyze as well as being prone to many processing errors. An alternative method is proposed in this work by the simulation of a non-invasive coincidence detection unit. Results We utilized GATE simulations of a human forearm phantom with a blood flow model, as well as a model for dynamic radioactive bolus activity concentration based on clinical measurements. A fixed configuration of 14 and, also separately, 8 detectors were employed around the phantom, and simulations were performed to investigate signal detection parameters. Bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals proved to show the highest count rate capability and sensitivity to a simulated BTAC with a maximum coincidence rate of 575 cps. Repeatable location of the blood vessels in the forearm allowed a half-ring design with only 8 detectors. Using this configuration, maximum coincident rates of 250 cps and 42 cps were achieved with simulation of activity concentration determined from 15O and 18F arterial blood sampling. NECR simulated in a water phantom at 3 different vertical positions inside the 8-detector system (Y = − 1 cm, Y = − 2 cm, and Y = −3 cm) was 8360 cps, 13,041 cps, and 20,476 cps at an activity of 3.5 MBq. Addition of extra axial detection rings to the half-ring configuration provided increases in system sensitivity by a factor of approximately 10. Conclusions Initial simulations demonstrated that the configuration of a single half-ring 8 detector of monolithic BGO crystals could describe the simulated BTAC in a clinically relevant forearm phantom with good signal properties, and an increased number of axial detection rings can provide increased sensitivity of the system. The system would find use in the derivation of the BTAC for use in the application of kinetic models without physical arterial sampling or reliance on image-based techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Toufique
- Advanced Scientific Computing Center, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Othmane Bouhali
- Advanced Scientific Computing Center, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar.,Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pauline Negre
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jim O' Doherty
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Wu X, Hu J, Li G, Li Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang F, Li A, Hu L, Fan Z, Lü S, Ding G, Zhang C, Wang J, Long M, Wang S. Biomechanical stress regulates mammalian tooth replacement via the integrin β1-RUNX2-Wnt pathway. EMBO J 2019; 39:e102374. [PMID: 31830314 PMCID: PMC6996503 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewal of integumentary organs occurs cyclically throughout an organism's lifetime, but the mechanism that initiates each cycle remains largely unknown. In a miniature pig model of tooth development that resembles tooth development in humans, the permanent tooth did not begin transitioning from the resting to the initiation stage until the deciduous tooth began to erupt. This eruption released the accumulated mechanical stress inside the mandible. Mechanical stress prevented permanent tooth development by regulating expression and activity of the integrin β1-ERK1-RUNX2 axis in the surrounding mesenchyme. We observed similar molecular expression patterns in human tooth germs. Importantly, the release of biomechanical stress induced downregulation of RUNX2-wingless/integrated (Wnt) signaling in the mesenchyme between the deciduous and permanent tooth and upregulation of Wnt signaling in the epithelium of the permanent tooth, triggering initiation of its development. Consequently, our findings identified biomechanical stress-associated Wnt modulation as a critical initiator of organ renewal, possibly shedding light on the mechanisms of integumentary organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinrong Hu
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Fortune Link Triones Scitech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Oral Basic Science, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shouqin Lü
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mian Long
- Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
In this work, we present a numerical investigation of blood flow in a portion of the human vascular system. More precisely, the present work analyzed the blood flow in the upper portion of the aorta. The aorta and its ramified blood vessels are surrounded by the cardiac muscle. The blood flow generates pressure on the internal surfaces of the artery and its ramifications, thereby causing deformation of the cardiac muscle. The numerical analysis used the Navier–Stokes equations as the governing equations of blood flow for the calculation of the velocity field and pressure distribution in the blood. The neo-Hookean hyperelastic model was used for the description of the behavior of the vessel walls. The velocity and pressure distributions were analyzed. The deformation of the vessel was also investigated. The numerical results could be used to better understand and predict the factors that trigger cardiovascular diseases and distortions of the aorta and as a diagnostic tool in clinical applications.
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