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Li B, Liu Q, Chen X, Chen T, Dang W, Zhao J, Cui G, Chen K, Wu Y. A Novel Idiopathic Atrial Calcification: Pathologic Manifestations and Potential Mechanism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:788958. [PMID: 35387434 PMCID: PMC8978529 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.788958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac calcification is a type of ectopic pathologic calcification of unknown etiology and mechanisms. Once diagnosed, the location, extent and morphology of the calcified lesions, as well as their functional significance in the heart, are usually the focus of case reports. Calcification is mostly distributed in myocardium, but rarely reported in atrium. In addition, because of limited sampling and complex pathological mechanisms, the etiology underlying the formation of these calcified lesions also remains unclear. Methods Two cardiac calcifications were found in a patient, died of trauma-induced subarachnoid hemorrhage after slightly drinking, during a standard autopsy. The location and morphological characteristics of the calcified lesions were determined by computed tomography (CT) and CT-based 3D reconstruction. The specific histopathological characteristics of the lesions were determined by multi-staining. The concentration of free calcium and inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) in plasma reflected the change of calcium metabolism. The expression and membranal localization of the ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily C Member 6 (ABCC6) in hepatocytes were detected by immunofluorescence. The variants of the ABCC6 were detected by Sanger sequencing and potential pathogenic variants were further identified by in silico analysis. Results The present study describes a patient with idiopathic calcification with two pear-shaped and irregularly hollow lesions symmetrically distributed in the patient's atrium. Massive accumulation of calcium salts was identified by multi-staining. For this patient, the plasma concentration of free calcium was higher than the control, indicating that calcium metabolism was disturbed. Furthermore, the plasma PPi of the patient was lower than the normal. By using immunofluorescence, the expression and membranal localization of ABCC6 was decreased and impaired in hepatocytes, respectively. Combined with Sanger sequencing and in silico analysis, 7 variants were identified. Conclusions This study described a novel patient with symmetrically distributed idiopathic atrial calcifications. Furthermore, all the results indicated that these pathologic calcifications may be secondary to reduced plasma PPi content due to ABCC6 dysfunction in hepatocytes. Moreover, these findings provided novel clues to the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic atrial calcification in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingbo Liu
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xihui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tangdong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhui Dang
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangbin Cui
- Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Guangbin Cui
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Kun Chen
| | - Yuanming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Junda Forensic Medicine Expertise Station, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanming Wu
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Navarro-Hortal MD, Ramírez-Tortosa CL, Varela-López A, Romero-Márquez JM, Ochoa JJ, Ramírez-Tortosa MC, Forbes-Hernández TY, Granados-Principal S, Battino M, Quiles JL. Heart Histopathology and Mitochondrial Ultrastructure in Aged Rats Fed for 24 Months on Different Unsaturated Fats (Virgin Olive Oil, Sunflower Oil or Fish Oil) and Affected by Different Longevity. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2390. [PMID: 31591312 PMCID: PMC6835383 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a decisive role in heart physiology, with lipids having especial importance in pathology prevention and development. This study aimed to investigate how dietary lipids varying in lipid profile (virgin olive oil, sunflower oil or fish oil) affected the heart of rats during aging. Heart histopathology, mitochondrial morphometry, and oxidative status were assessed. Typical histopathological features associated with aging, such as valvular lesions, endomyocardical hyperplasia, or papillary muscle calcification, were found at a low extent in all the experimental groups. The most relevant finding was that inflammation registered by fish oil group was lower compared to the other treatments. At the ultrastructural level, heart mitochondrial area, perimeter, and aspect ratio were higher in fish oil-fed rats than in those fed on sunflower oil. Concerning oxidative stress markers, there were differences only in coenzyme Q levels and catalase activity, lower in sunflower oil-fed animals compared with those fed on fish oil. In summary, dietary intake for a long period on dietary fats with different fatty acids profile led to differences in some aspects associated with the aging process at the heart. Fish oil seems to be the fat most protective of heart during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Navarro-Hortal
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - César L Ramírez-Tortosa
- UGC de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital San Cecilio de Granada, Avda, Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Romero-Márquez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Julio J Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - MCarmen Ramírez-Tortosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Sergio Granados-Principal
- UGC de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Avenida del Ejército Español 10, 23007 Jaén, Spain.
- Genyo, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada-Avenida de la Ilustración 114, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche-Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, 212013 Zhenjiang, China.
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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