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Ghode DB, Hirani S, Kenjale S, Heda A, Hirani S, Prasad R, Wanjari M. Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Challenging Cutaneous Manifestation in Dubowitz Syndrome. Cureus 2023; 15:e43408. [PMID: 37706150 PMCID: PMC10496725 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a challenging cutaneous manifestation associated with Dubowitz syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies, developmental delay, and distinctive facial features. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the association between Dubowitz syndrome and pyoderma gangrenosum, emphasizing the clinical presentation, challenges in diagnosis and management, and potential underlying mechanisms. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to gather relevant studies, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select appropriate articles. The association between Dubowitz syndrome and pyoderma gangrenosum has been documented in reported cases and studies. Clinical characteristics of Pyoderma gangrenosum in Dubowitz syndrome include painful necrotic ulcers with undermined borders. Diagnosing pyoderma gangrenosum in the context of Dubowitz syndrome can be challenging due to the overlapping clinical features and complexities associated with the syndrome. Managing pyoderma gangrenosum involves a multidisciplinary approach, with general principles of wound care, systemic therapy, and pain management. Specific considerations for treating pyoderma gangrenosum in Dubowitz syndrome include collaboration among specialists and careful monitoring. Future directions for management include further research to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted therapies. Recognizing and addressing pyoderma gangrenosum in Dubowitz syndrome is crucial for optimal patient care. This review enhances awareness among healthcare professionals and provides insights for improving diagnosis, management, and treatment outcomes for individuals with this challenging combination of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewang B Ghode
- General Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shoyeb Hirani
- Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial (MGM) Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, IND
| | - Sneha Kenjale
- Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Arjun Heda
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sajid Hirani
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Medicine and Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Agrawal S, Kulshrestha A, Das D, Bajaj MS, Modaboyina S. Recurrent Ptosis in a Case of Dubowitz Syndrome. Cureus 2021; 13:e16436. [PMID: 34422468 PMCID: PMC8369977 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dubowitz syndrome is a relatively rare genetic and developmental disorder. An eight-year-old female presented with a complaint of drooping in her left eye since birth. She had undergone ptosis surgery two years back. There was a history of delayed speech and delayed dentition. She was of moderate built appropriate to her age. There was microcephaly, sparse hair, flat bridge of the nose with a prominent rounded tip, short stature, low-set ears, and micrognathia with subsequent protrusion of upper two incisors. Based on the clinical features a diagnosis of Dubowitz syndrome with left recurrent ptosis was made. She underwent frontalis sling surgery and had a satisfactory outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Agrawal
- Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND
| | | | - Deepsekhar Das
- Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND
| | - Mandeep S Bajaj
- Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND
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Amodeo ME, Inzaghi E, Deodati A, Cianfarani S. Endocrinological features of a patient with 14q microdeletion and Dubowitz phenotype. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1644. [PMID: 33788412 PMCID: PMC8172207 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dubowitz syndrome (DS) is a complex and rare condition characterized by postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, short stature, mild developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, skin eruption and bone marrow failure. Though approximately 200 cases have been described so far, no specific genetic analysis, laboratory tests or radiological exams are available to confirm the diagnosis which is still based on clinical and facial features. Although short stature is a major feature of the syndrome, no endocrine alterations have been reported so far and scant data are available about the efficacy and safety of GH treatment in these patients. Methods A 13‐year‐old male patient was referred to our attention for short stature. Endocrinological evaluation including GH axis, adrenal and gonadal functions were assessed. aCGH was performed. Results 14q terminal microdeletion associated with Dubowitz phenotype was found. Endocrinological investigations revealed the presence of hypopituitarism which showed a satisfactory response to short‐term growth hormone therapy. The subject also started glucocorticoid replacement therapy. Disorders in pubertal progression and gonadal function were noted. Conclusions Dubowitz syndrome (DS) includes different clinical findings variably occurring. Subjects with a Dubowitz phenotype should be carefully monitored for endocrinological anomalies. The prompt recognition of potential life‐threatening endocrinological condition for example adrenal insufficiency is mandatory in order to start an adequate and early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Amodeo
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Inzaghi
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Deodati
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Cianfarani
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chadaeva IV, Ponomarenko MP, Rasskazov DA, Sharypova EB, Kashina EV, Matveeva MY, Arshinova TV, Ponomarenko PM, Arkova OV, Bondar NP, Savinkova LK, Kolchanov NA. Candidate SNP markers of aggressiveness-related complications and comorbidities of genetic diseases are predicted by a significant change in the affinity of TATA-binding protein for human gene promoters. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:995. [PMID: 28105927 PMCID: PMC5249025 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressiveness in humans is a hereditary behavioral trait that mobilizes all systems of the body-first of all, the nervous and endocrine systems, and then the respiratory, vascular, muscular, and others-e.g., for the defense of oneself, children, family, shelter, territory, and other possessions as well as personal interests. The level of aggressiveness of a person determines many other characteristics of quality of life and lifespan, acting as a stress factor. Aggressive behavior depends on many parameters such as age, gender, diseases and treatment, diet, and environmental conditions. Among them, genetic factors are believed to be the main parameters that are well-studied at the factual level, but in actuality, genome-wide studies of aggressive behavior appeared relatively recently. One of the biggest projects of the modern science-1000 Genomes-involves identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., differences of individual genomes from the reference genome. SNPs can be associated with hereditary diseases, their complications, comorbidities, and responses to stress or a drug. Clinical comparisons between cohorts of patients and healthy volunteers (as a control) allow for identifying SNPs whose allele frequencies significantly separate them from one another as markers of the above conditions. Computer-based preliminary analysis of millions of SNPs detected by the 1000 Genomes project can accelerate clinical search for SNP markers due to preliminary whole-genome search for the most meaningful candidate SNP markers and discarding of neutral and poorly substantiated SNPs. RESULTS Here, we combine two computer-based search methods for SNPs (that alter gene expression) {i} Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator (DNA sequence analysis) and {ii} PubMed-based manual search for articles on aggressiveness using heuristic keywords. Near the known binding sites for TATA-binding protein (TBP) in human gene promoters, we found aggressiveness-related candidate SNP markers, including rs1143627 (associated with higher aggressiveness in patients undergoing cytokine immunotherapy), rs544850971 (higher aggressiveness in old women taking lipid-lowering medication), and rs10895068 (childhood aggressiveness-related obesity in adolescence with cardiovascular complications in adulthood). CONCLUSIONS After validation of these candidate markers by clinical protocols, these SNPs may become useful for physicians (may help to improve treatment of patients) and for the general population (a lifestyle choice preventing aggressiveness-related complications).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Chadaeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Mikhail P. Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Dmitry A. Rasskazov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Ekaterina B. Sharypova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Elena V. Kashina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Marina Yu Matveeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Tatjana V. Arshinova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Petr M. Ponomarenko
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, 4640 Hollywood Boulevard, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
| | - Olga V. Arkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Vector-Best Inc, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region 630559 Russia
| | - Natalia P. Bondar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Ludmila K. Savinkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Avenue, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
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Blanco S, Dietmann S, Flores JV, Hussain S, Kutter C, Humphreys P, Lukk M, Lombard P, Treps L, Popis M, Kellner S, Hölter SM, Garrett L, Wurst W, Becker L, Klopstock T, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabĕ de Angelis M, Káradóttir RT, Helm M, Ule J, Gleeson JG, Odom DT, Frye M. Aberrant methylation of tRNAs links cellular stress to neuro-developmental disorders. EMBO J 2014; 33:2020-39. [PMID: 25063673 PMCID: PMC4195770 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase NSun2 cause microcephaly and other neurological abnormalities in mice and human. How post-transcriptional methylation contributes to the human disease is currently unknown. By comparing gene expression data with global cytosine-5 RNA methylomes in patient fibroblasts and NSun2-deficient mice, we find that loss of cytosine-5 RNA methylation increases the angiogenin-mediated endonucleolytic cleavage of transfer RNAs (tRNA) leading to an accumulation of 5' tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. Accumulation of 5' tRNA fragments in the absence of NSun2 reduces protein translation rates and activates stress pathways leading to reduced cell size and increased apoptosis of cortical, hippocampal and striatal neurons. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that angiogenin binds with higher affinity to tRNAs lacking site-specific NSun2-mediated methylation and that the presence of 5' tRNA fragments is sufficient and required to trigger cellular stress responses. Furthermore, the enhanced sensitivity of NSun2-deficient brains to oxidative stress can be rescued through inhibition of angiogenin during embryogenesis. In conclusion, failure in NSun2-mediated tRNA methylation contributes to human diseases via stress-induced RNA cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Blanco
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabine Dietmann
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joana V Flores
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shobbir Hussain
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Li Ka Shing Centre, CR-UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Humphreys
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margus Lukk
- Li Ka Shing Centre, CR-UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Lombard
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Martyna Popis
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefanie Kellner
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Munich, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Munich, Germany Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabĕ de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ragnhildur T Káradóttir
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark Helm
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jernej Ule
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory of Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Duncan T Odom
- Li Ka Shing Centre, CR-UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michaela Frye
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Joshi N, Hamdan AM, Fakhouri WD. Skeletal malocclusion: a developmental disorder with a life-long morbidity. J Clin Med Res 2014; 6:399-408. [PMID: 25247012 PMCID: PMC4169080 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr1905w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The likelihood of birth defects in orofacial tissues is high due to the structural and developmental complexity of the face and the susceptibility to intrinsic and extrinsic perturbations. Skeletal malocclusion is caused by the distortion of the proper mandibular and/or maxillary growth during fetal development. Patients with skeletal malocclusion may suffer from dental deformities, bruxism, teeth crowding, trismus, mastication difficulties, breathing obstruction and digestion disturbance if the problem is left untreated. In this review, we focused on skeletal malocclusion that affects 27.9% of the US population with different severity levels. We summarized the prevalence of class I, II and III of malocclusion in different ethnic groups and discussed the most frequent medical disorders associated with skeletal malocclusion. Dental anomalies that lead to malocclusion such as tooth agenesis, crowding, missing teeth and abnormal tooth size are not addressed in this review. We propose a modified version of malocclusion classification for research purposes to exhibit a clear distinction between skeletal vs. dental malocclusion in comparison to Angle’s classification. In addition, we performed a cross-sectional analysis on orthodontic (malocclusion) data through the BigMouth Dental Data Repository to calculate potential association between malocclusion with other medical conditions. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the need to identify genetic and environmental factors that cause or contribute risk to skeletal malocclusion and the possible association with other medical conditions to improve assessment, prognosis and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishitha Joshi
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Ahmad M Hamdan
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Walid D Fakhouri
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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Yue J, Lu H, Lan S, Liu J, Stein MN, Haffty BG, Shen Z. Identification of the DNA repair defects in a case of Dubowitz syndrome. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54389. [PMID: 23372718 PMCID: PMC3556036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dubowitz Syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder with a unique set of clinical features including microcephaly and susceptibility to tumor formation. Although more than 140 cases of Dubowitz syndrome have been reported since 1965, the genetic defects of this disease has not been identified. In this study, we systematically analyzed the DNA damage response and repair capability of fibroblasts established from a Dubowitz Syndrome patient. Dubowitz syndrome fibroblasts are hypersensitive to ionizing radiation, bleomycin, and doxorubicin. However, they have relatively normal sensitivities to mitomycin-C, cisplatin, and camptothecin. Dubowitz syndrome fibroblasts also have normal DNA damage signaling and cell cycle checkpoint activations after DNA damage. These data implicate a defect in repair of DNA double strand break (DSB) likely due to defective non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). We further sequenced several genes involved in NHEJ, and identified a pair of novel compound mutations in the DNA Ligase IV gene. Furthermore, expression of wild type DNA ligase IV completely complement the DNA repair defects in Dubowitz syndrome fibroblasts, suggesting that the DNA ligase IV mutation is solely responsible for the DNA repair defects. These data suggests that at least subset of Dubowitz syndrome can be attributed to DNA ligase IV mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyin Yue
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Huimei Lu
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Shijie Lan
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jingmei Liu
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Mark N. Stein
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Bruce G. Haffty
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Zhiyuan Shen
- The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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