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Queiroz ME, Maluly-Proni AT, Tsutsumi MSC, Dallazen E, de Castro-Hoshino LV, de Souza M, Baesso ML, Dos Santos PH. Influence of thickness and degree of opacity of lithium disilicate on the degree of conversion and bond strength of resin cements. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 143:105934. [PMID: 37257313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of various opacities and thicknesses of lithium disilicate on the degree of conversion (DC) of two resin cements and on their bond strength (BS) to the ceramic. Two hundred and forty ceramic samples of lithium disilicate with high translucency (HT), low translucency (LT), and medium opacity (MO) were obtained from IPS e. max CAD in five different thicknesses. Light-cured and dual-cured resin cements were used for DC (n = 9) and BS (n = 8). Cement samples were light-cured under ceramic samples and analyzed using a Raman confocal spectrometer to determine the DC. For BS, resin cement cylinders were fabricated using ceramic samples which were thsen subjected to a microshear bond strength test. The mean values were provided for statistical analysis. The increase in thickness resulted in a decrease in DC for both cements under all experimental conditions, but only affected the BS of the light-cured cement for the MO ceramic. Comparing the opacities, the most translucent ceramics with particular thicknesses exhibited higher DC values than the less translucent ceramics. The LT and MO ceramics with certain thicknesses exhibited the highest BS values than the HT. The dual-cured cement generally showed highest values in both analyses than the light-cured cement. A thicker and more opaque ceramic material can reduce the DC of the cement. The BS decreases with the increasing thickness of the more-opaque ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Elias Queiroz
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Teresa Maluly-Proni
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Sati Cantalejo Tsutsumi
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Dallazen
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Monique de Souza
- Department of Physics, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; Dental Research Institute, University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry - UofT, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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de Castro EF, Fronza BM, Soto-Montero J, Giannini M, Dos-Santos-Dias CT, Price RB. Effect of thickness of CAD/CAM materials on light transmission and resin cement polymerization using a blue light-emitting diode light-curing unit. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:368-380. [PMID: 35894446 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effect of thickness of high-translucency (HT) CAD/CAM materials on irradiance and beam profile from a blue light-emitting diode light-curing unit (LCU) and on the degree of conversion (DC) and maximum polymerization rate (Rpmax ) of a light-cured resin cement (LCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS The direct output from the LCU, the light transmission and irradiance ratio (IR) through one conventional composite and nine HT CAD/CAM materials (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0-mm thick; n = 5) were measured with a integrating sphere coupled to a spectrometer. The light beam was assessed with a beam profiler camera. The DC at 600 s and the Rpmax of one LCC was determined using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (n = 5). Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's tests, and Dunnett's test was also used for irradiance data (α = 0.05). RESULTS A significant decrease in irradiance through all materials occurred as thickness increased. Thin CAD/CAM materials improved light homogeneity, which decreased with the increase in thickness. The DC of the LCC directly exposed to light was the same as when exposed to 45%, 25%, 15%, or 5% IRs. Rpmax decreased with the decrease in IR. CONCLUSIONS Although the HT CAD/CAM materials reduced the irradiance from the LCU, minor effects were observed in the LCC's DC. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite the light attenuation of blue light through different CAD/CAM materials that were up to 2-mm thick, the degree of conversion of one brand of light-cured resin cement was clinically acceptable when the LCU was used for 30 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fernandes de Castro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marin Fronza
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Soto-Montero
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Carlos Tadeu Dos-Santos-Dias
- Department of Exact Sciences, College of Agriculture, "Luiz de Queiroz"/University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Richard Bengt Price
- Department of Dental Clinical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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De Angelis F, Vadini M, Capogreco M, D’Arcangelo C, D’Amario M. Effect of Light-Sources and Thicknesses of Composite Onlays on Micro-Hardness of Luting Composites. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226849. [PMID: 34832251 PMCID: PMC8618162 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare three different light-curing-units (LCUs) and determine their effectiveness in the adhesive cementation of indirect composite restorations when a light-curing resin cement is used. Two resin composites were selected: Enamel Plus HRI (Micerium) and AURA (SDI). Three thicknesses (3 mm, 4 mm and 5 mm) were produced and applied as overlays and underlays for each resin composite. A standardized composite layer was placed between underlay and overlay surfaces. Light curing of the resin-based luting composites was attained through the overlay filters using LCUs for different exposure times. All specimens were allocated to experimental groups according to the overlay thickness, curing unit and curing time. Vickers Hardness (VH) notches were carried out on each specimen. Data were statistically evaluated. The curing unit, curing time and overlay thickness were significant factors capable of influencing VH values. The results showed significantly decreased VH values with increasing specimen thickness (p < 0.05). Significant differences in VH values were found amongst the LCUs for the various exposure times (p < 0.05). According to the results, a time of cure shorter than 80 s (with a conventional quartz–tungsten–halogen LCU) or shorter than 40 s (with a high-power light-emitting diode (LED) LCU) is not recommended. The only subgroup achieving clinically acceptable VH values after a short 20 s curing time included the 3 mm-thick overlays made out of the AURA composite, when the high-power LED LCU unit was used (VH 51.0). Composite thickness has an intense effect on polymerization. In clinical practice, light-cured resin cements may result in insufficient polymerization for high thickness and inadequate times. High-intensity curing lights can attain the sufficient polymerization of resin cements through overlays in a significantly shorter time than conventional halogen light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Angelis
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.A.); (C.D.)
| | - Mirco Vadini
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.A.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Capogreco
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, Dental Clinic, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Camillo D’Arcangelo
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Dental School, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.A.); (C.D.)
| | - Maurizio D’Amario
- Unit of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, Dental Clinic, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.)
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ZIMMERMANN M, EGLI G, ZARUBA M, MEHL A. Influence of material thickness on fractural strength of CAD/CAM fabricated ceramic crowns. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:778-783. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz ZIMMERMANN
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Gustav EGLI
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Markus ZARUBA
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Albert MEHL
- Department of Computerized Restorative Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
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Leal CL, Queiroz A, Foxton RM, Argolo S, Mathias P, Cavalcanti AN. Water Sorption and Solubility of Luting Agents Used Under Ceramic Laminates With Different Degrees of Translucency. Oper Dent 2016; 41:E141-E148. [PMID: 27689840 DOI: 10.2341/15-201-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-thickness ceramic laminate translucency on water sorption and solubility in resin luting agents. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ceramic slides (15×0.7 mm) were generated using lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar-Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) that were A1 in color and had decreasing degrees of translucency (high, medium, and low). A slide of transparent glass of similar size was used as the control. Under each slide, 15 specimens (8×0.5 mm) of differing composite materials from the same manufacturer (3M ESPE Dental Products, St Paul, MN, USA) were prepared (n=5): light-cured resin cement (RelyX Veneer); dual-cured resin cement (RelyX ARC); and flowable composite (Z350XT Flow). To evaluate the loss or gain of mass, the specimens were dried until a constant mass was reached. Then, they were immersed in water for seven days and weighed immediately following removal from water. Subsequently, the specimens were dried again until a constant mass was obtained. The mass measurements were used to calculate the water sorption and solubility. Statistical analyses were carried out using a two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test. RESULTS Under the high-translucency ceramic slides, all of the luting agents showed similar performance regarding water sorption; the flowable composite resin and the light-cured resin cement had the lowest solubility values. Under the medium- and low-translucency surfaces, the dual-cured resin cement and the flowable composite resin showed better performance with respect to water sorption and solubility. CONCLUSIONS In the case of high-translucency laminates, luting agents with different activation methods might be used. However, even in thin sections, decreasing the translucency of the laminate led to significant loss of light penetration, indicating a decreased likelihood of the physical activation of the resin cement.
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Fonseca GS, Correia AMDO, Griza S, Villarroel M, Takeshita WM, Mendonça AAMD. Efeito da intensidade de fontes de luz e barreiras de cerâmica na microdureza de cimento resinoso dual. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
<title>Resumo</title><sec><title>Introdução</title><p>O cimento resinoso dual é o principal material para cimentação de cerâmicas. Contudo, fatores, como fonte de luz, podem influenciar no desempenho do cimento.</p></sec><sec><title>Objetivo</title><p>Avaliar a influência de duas fontes de luz de diferentes intensidades sobre a microdureza de um cimento resinoso quando fotoativado sob diferentes cerâmicas.</p></sec><sec><title>Material e método</title><p>Foram fotoativados 40 espécimes de cimento resinoso dual (10 mm × 1,0 mm) por meio de duas fontes de luz LED, com intensidades de 1.000 mW/cm² e 800 mW/cm² durante 40 segundos, sob cerâmicas (15 mm × 2 mm) à base de zircônia, espinélio MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> e dissilicato de lítio. No grupo controle, foi utilizada uma placa de vidro de mesma dimensão. As amostras tiveram a superfície regularizada com lixa d`água (600 e 1200). Após armazenagem a seco no escuro (24 h), foram realizadas as medidas de microdureza Vickers (HMV Shimadzu - 50g/10 segundos). Os dados foram submetidos à Anova fatorial e ao teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 5%.</p></sec><sec><title>Resultado</title><p>O cimento polimerizado apresentou valor médio de microdureza e desvio padrão para o grupo controle de 43,9±1,5 e 43,4±1,3, para as intensidades de 1.000 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> e 800 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectivamente. O menor valor de microdureza do cimento foi observado para a cerâmica à base de espinélio MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, polimerizado a 800 mW/cm², com valor de 34,3±3,3.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusão</title><p>O tipo de cerâmica e a intensidade da fonte de luz influenciam na microdureza do cimento. A intensidade de 1.000 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> sobre as cerâmicas à base de zircônia e espinélio MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> resultaram na melhor combinação de valores de dureza do cimento.</p></sec>
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Cho SH, Lopez A, Berzins DW, Prasad S, Ahn KW. Effect of Different Thicknesses of Pressable Ceramic Veneers on Polymerization of Light-cured and Dual-cured Resin Cements. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:347-352. [PMID: 26162252 PMCID: PMC4659509 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated the effects of ceramic veneer thicknesses on the polymerization of two different resin cements. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 80 ceramic veneer disks were fabricated by using a pressable ceramic material (e.max Press; Ivoclar Vivadent) from a Low Translucency (LT) ingot (A1 shade). These disks were divided into light-cured (LC; NX3 Nexus LC; Kerr) and dual-cured (DC; NX3 Nexus DC; Kerr) and each group was further divided into four subgroups, based on ceramic disk thickness (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm). The values of Vickers microhardness (MH) and degree of conversion (DOC) were obtained for each specimen after a 24-hour storage period. Association between ceramic thickness, resin cement type, and light intensity readings (mW/cm(2)) with respect to microhardness and degree of conversion was statistically evaluated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS For the DOC values, there was no significant difference observed among the LC resin cement subgroups, except in the 1.2 mm subgroup; only the DOC value (14.0 ± 7.4%) of 1.2 mm DC resin cement had significantly difference from that value (28.9 ± 7.5%) of 1.2 mm LC resin cement (p < 0.05). For the MH values between LC and DC resin cement groups, there was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05); overall, the MH values of LC resin cement groups demonstrated higher values than DC resin cement groups. On the other hands, among the DC resin cement subgroups, the MH values of 1.2 mm DC subgroup was significantly lower than the 0.3 mm and 0.6 mm subgroups (p < 0.05). However, among the LC subgroups, there was no statistically significant difference among them (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The degree of conversion and hardness of the resin cement was unaffected with veneering thicknesses between 0.3 and 0.9 mm. However, the DC resin cement group resulted in a significantly lower DOC and MH values for the 1.2 mm subgroup. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE While clinically adequate polymerization of LC resin cement can be achieved with a maximum 1.2 mm of porcelain veneer restoration, the increase of curing time or light intensity is clinically needed for DC resin cements at the thickness of more than 0.9 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Hwan Cho
- Assistant Professor and Director, Department of General Dental Sciences Predoctoral Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Marquette University School of Dentistry, 1801 W Wisconsin, Ave, 53233 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, Phone: (414)288-5411, e-mail:
| | - Arnaldo Lopez
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA
| | - David W Berzins
- Department of General Dental Sciences, Graduate Dental Biomaterials, Marquette University School of Dentistry Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Soni Prasad
- Department of General Dental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kwang Woo Ahn
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Watanabe H, Kazama R, Asai T, Kanaya F, Ishizaki H, Fukushima M, Okiji T. Efficiency of Dual-Cured Resin Cement Polymerization Induced by High-Intensity LED Curing Units Through Ceramic Material. Oper Dent 2015; 40:153-62. [DOI: 10.2341/13-357-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of high-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) and other curing units to cure dual-cured resin cement through ceramic material.
Methods
A halogen curing unit (Jetlite 3000, Morita), a second-generation LED curing unit (Demi, Kerr), and two high-intensity LED curing units (PenCure 2000, Morita; Valo, Ultradent) were tested. Feldspathic ceramic plates (VITABLOCS Mark II, A3; Vita Zahnfabrik) with thicknesses of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mm were prepared. Dual-cured resin cement samples (Clearfil Esthetic Cement, Kuraray Noritake Dental) were irradiated directly or through one of the ceramic plates for different periods (5, 10, 15, or 20 seconds for the high-intensity LED units and 20, 40, 60, or 80 seconds for the others). The Knoop hardness test was used to determine the level of photopolymerization that had been induced in the resin cement. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett's post-hoc test to identify test-control (maximum irradiation without a ceramic plate) differences for each curing unit (p<0.05).
Results
For all curing units, the curing conditions had a statistically significant effect on the Knoop hardness numbers (KHNs) of the irradiated cement samples (p<0.001). In general, the KHN decreased with increasing plate thickness and increased as the irradiation period was extended. Jetlite 3000 achieved control-level KHN values only when the plate thickness was 1.0 mm. At a plate thickness ≥2.0 mm, the LED units (except for PenCure 2000 at 3.0 mm) were able to achieve control-level KHN values when the irradiation time was extended. At a plate thickness of 3.0 mm, irradiation for 20 seconds with the Valo or for 80 seconds with the Demi were the only methods that produced KHN values equivalent to those produced by direct irradiation.
Conclusion
Regardless of the type of curing unit used, indirect irradiation of dual-cured resin cement through a ceramic plate resulted in decreased KHN values compared with direct irradiation. When the irradiation period was extended, only the LED units were able to achieve similar KHN values to those observed under direct irradiation in the presence of plates ≥2.0-mm thick. High-intensity LED units require a shorter irradiation period than halogen and second-generation LED curing units to obtain KHN values similar to those observed during direct irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Watanabe
- Heima Watanabe, DDS, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Re Kazama
- Ryunosuke Kazama, DDS, PhD, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Removable Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Department of Masticatory Function Rehabilitation, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Asai
- Tetsuya Asai, DDS, PhD, Kondo Dental Clinic, Aichi, Japan
| | - F Kanaya
- Fumio Kanaya, Kitashiro Dental Office, Niigata, Japan
| | - H Ishizaki
- Hiroko Ishizaki, DDS, PhD, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, General Dentistry and Clinical Education Unit, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Fukushima
- Masayoshi Fukushima, DDS, PhD, Niigata University, Department of Oral Health and Welfare, Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Okiji
- Takashi Okiji, DDS, PhD, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Niigata, Japan
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Turp V, Ongul D, Gultekin P, Bultan O, Karataslı B, Pak Tunc E. Polymerization efficiency of two dual-cure cements through dental ceramics. J Istanb Univ Fac Dent 2015; 49:10-18. [PMID: 28955520 PMCID: PMC5573458 DOI: 10.17096/jiufd.25575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thickness of zirconia on curing efficiency of resin cements. Materials and Methods: Four discs with 4.0 mm in diameter were prepared from non-HIP translucent zirconia blocks using a CAD/CAM system and feldspathic ceramic was layered onto discs.
Thus, 4 ceramic disc samples were fabricated: (G) 0.5 mm zirconia- as a control group, (G1) 0.5 mm zirconia and 0.5 mm feldspathic,
(G2) 1.0 mm zirconia and 0.5 mm feldspathic and (G3) 2.0 mm zirconia and 0.5 mm feldspathic ceramic layer. 2 different dual cure cements were polymerized
using a LED curing unit. Degree of conversion was evaluated using Vickers Hardness Test and depths of cure of samples were measured. Data were analyzed statistically
using One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (p<0.05). Results: Microhardness and depth of cure values were different under same thickness of ceramic discs for two resin cements.
As the thickness of the zirconia discs increased, the microhardness values and depth of cure decreased. Conclusion: Photocuring time cannot be the same for all clinical conditions, under thicker zirconia restorations (>2.0 mm),
an extended period of light curing or a light unit with a high irradiance should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Turp
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University Turkey
| | - Deger Ongul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University Turkey
| | - Pınar Gultekin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University Turkey
| | - Ozgur Bultan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University Turkey
| | - Burcin Karataslı
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University Turkey
| | - Elif Pak Tunc
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University Turkey
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Passos SP, Kimpara ET, Bottino MA, Rizkalla AS, Santos GC. Effect of ceramic thickness and shade on mechanical properties of a resin luting agent. J Prosthodont 2014; 23:462-6. [PMID: 24597786 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the influence of ceramic thickness and shade on the Knoop hardness and dynamic elastic modulus of a dual-cured resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six ceramic shades (Bleaching, A1, A2, A3, A3.5, B3) and two ceramic thicknesses (1 mm, 3 mm) were evaluated. Disk specimens (diameter: 7 mm; thickness: 2 mm) of the resin cement were light cured under a ceramic block. Light-cured specimens without the ceramic block at distances of 1 and 3 mm were also produced. The Knoop hardness number (KHN), density, and dynamic Young's moduli were determined. Statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA and a Tukey B rank order test (p = 0.05). RESULTS The bleaching 1-mm-thick group exhibited significantly higher dynamic Young's modulus. Lower dynamic Young's moduli were observed for the 3-mm-thick ceramic groups compared to bleaching 3-mm-thick group, and no difference was found among the other 3-mm groups. For the KHN, when A3.5 3-mm-thick was used, the KHN was significantly lower than bleaching and A1 1-mm-thick ceramic; however, no difference was exhibited between the thicknesses of the same shade. CONCLUSIONS The dual-cured resin cement studied irradiated through the 1-mm-thick ceramic with the lightest shade (bleaching ceramic) exhibited a better elastic modulus, and there was no effect in KHN of the resin cement when light cured under different ceramic shades and thicknesses (1 and 3 mm), except when the A3.5 3-mm-thick ceramic was used. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Variolink II irradiated through ceramic with the lowest chroma exhibited the highest elastic modulus; therefore, the light activation method might not be the same for all clinical situations.
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Camilotti V, Ioris MD, Busato PDMR, Ueda JK, Mendonça MJ. Avaliação da influência da solução de irrigação na resistência adesiva de um cimento resinoso. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772013000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: A contaminação do substrato dentinário pode interferir na qualidade de união entre materiais adesivos e o dente. OBJETIVO: Investigar a influência de diferentes soluções de irrigação na resistência de união de um cimento resinoso. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram selecionadas 40 coroas dentais bovinas, divididas em quatro grupos: G0 = soro; G1 = clorexidina; G2 = EDTA; G3 = clorexidina 0,12%, após condicionamento ácido. Em seguida, foram confeccionados cilindros de cimento resinoso utilizando-se uma matriz de Tygon com diâmetro interno de 1 mm e 2 mm de altura. A fotoativação foi realizada por aparelho de luz LED com 900 mW/cm² por 40 segundos. Foram confeccionados quatro cilindros de cimento resinoso para cada coroa bovina, totalizando 40 corpos de prova de cimento resinoso para cada grupo avaliado. O teste de resistência adesiva por microcisalhamento foi realizado após 24 horas. Decorrido esse período, os cilindros de cimento resinoso foram testados em uma máquina universal de ensaios (EMIC). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey (p = 0,001). RESULTADO: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos estudados, com exceção para o G3, que apresentou de forma significativa os menores valores de resistência adesiva. CONCLUSÃO: As diferentes soluções irrigadoras utilizadas previamente ao condicionamento ácido na dentina não interferem na resistência de união por microcisalhamento.
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Passos SP, Kimpara ET, Bottino MA, Santos GC, Rizkalla AS. Effect of ceramic shade on the degree of conversion of a dual-cure resin cement analyzed by FTIR. Dent Mater 2012; 29:317-23. [PMID: 23261020 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to evaluate the degree of monomer conversion of different resin cement shades when photocured under different feldspathic ceramic shades. The photocuring time was also evaluated as well as the translucency of each ceramic shade. METHODS Three VITA VM7 ceramic shades (Base Dentin 0M1, Base Dentin 2M2 and Base Dentin 5M3) were used to determine the translucency percentage. A spectrophotometer MiniScan was used to measure the opacity percentage of each specimen (2-mm-thick) and then the translucency was calculated. To measure the degree of conversion (DC), the resin cement (Variolink II; A3 Yellow and transparent) specimens (thickness: 100 μm) were photocured under a ceramic block (2-mm-thick) for 20 or 40s. Specimens photocured without the ceramic block were used as control. Sixteen groups (n=3) were evaluated. Micro-ATR/FTIR spectrometry was used to evaluate the extent of polymerization of all specimens after 24h. The %DC was calculated of experimentally polymerized versus maximally polymerized composite. RESULTS The translucency percentages of 0M1, 2M2 and 5M3 ceramics were 12.41 (1.02)%, 5.75 (1.91)% and 1.07 (0.03)%, respectively. The %DC of both resin cement shades cured under ceramic 5M3 was significantly lower than the other groups (p<0.05). The %DC of 0M1 groups exhibited no significant difference from 2M2 groups (p>0.05), with the exception of the transparent cement photocured for 40s. CONCLUSION Photocuring under 2mm ceramic showed that the increase in chroma saturation significantly decreased Variolink II resin cement %DC (100-μm-thick).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila P Passos
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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