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Guimarães LHDS, Pereira Neto ARL, de Oliveira TL, Kataoka MSDS, Pinheiro JDJV, Alves Júnior SDM. Platelet-rich fibrin stimulates the proliferation and expression of proteins related to survival, adhesion, and angiogenesis in gingival fibroblasts cultured on a titanium nano-hydroxyapatite-treated surface. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:160-169. [PMID: 38048849 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the cell viability and expression of proteins related to angiogenesis, adhesion, and cell survival (vascular endothelial growth factor, paxillin, vinculin, fibronectin, and protein kinase B) in gingival fibroblasts that were cultured on titanium discs treated with or without nanohydroxyapatite and exposed to platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-conditioned medium. METHODS To obtain the conditioned medium, the PRF membranes were prepared and incubated for 48 h in a culture medium without fetal bovine serum. Analyses were performed at 24 and 48 h for the cells cultured on machined-titanium discs or surfaces treated with nanohydroxyapatite in a control medium or PRF-conditioned medium, resulting in four experimental groups (CT-TI, CT-NANO, PRF-TI, and PRF-NANO). RESULTS A decrease in the viability of the gingival fibroblasts was not observed in any of the experimental groups. The PRF-NANO group showed significantly higher immunoexpression of paxillin and AKT at 24 and 48 h (p < 0.01). The same result was observed for vinculin expression at 24 h (p < 0.001). The expression of fibronectin at 48 h and VEGF at 24 and 48 h was significantly higher when the cells were exposed to the PRF-conditioned medium, regardless of the disc surface (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Gingival fibroblasts cultured on a nanohydroxyapatite-treated surface and in a PRF-conditioned medium showed a greater expression of proteins modulating adhesion, angiogenesis, and cell survival. Our results may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms related to peri-implant soft tissue sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thaianna Lima de Oliveira
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Maria Sueli da Silva Kataoka
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Sérgio de Melo Alves Júnior
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Av. Augusto Correa 01, Belém, PA, Brazil.
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Matsuura T, Stavrou S, Komatsu K, Cheng J, Pham A, Ferreira S, Baba T, Chang TL, Chao D, Ogawa T. Disparity in the Influence of Implant Provisional Materials on Human Gingival Fibroblasts with Different Phases of Cell Settlement: An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:123. [PMID: 38203293 PMCID: PMC10779283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of healthy peri-implant soft tissues is critical to achieving the esthetic and biological success of implant restorations throughout all stages of healing and tissue maturation, starting with provisionalization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of eight different implant provisional materials on human gingival fibroblasts at various stages of cell settlement by examining initial cell attachment, growth, and function. Eight different specimens-bis-acrylic 1 and 2, flowable and bulk-fill composites, self-curing acrylic 1 and 2, milled acrylic, and titanium (Ti) alloy as a control-were fabricated in rectangular plates (n = 3). The condition of human gingival fibroblasts was divided into two groups: those in direct contact with test materials (contact experiment) and those in close proximity to test materials (proximity experiment). The proximity experiment was further divided into three phases: pre-settlement, early settlement, and late settlement. A cell culture insert containing each test plate was placed into a well where the cells were pre-cultured. The number of attached cells, cell proliferation, resistance to detachment, and collagen production were evaluated. In the contact experiment, bis-acrylics and composites showed detrimental effects on cells. The number of cells attached to milled acrylic and self-curing acrylic was relatively high, being approximately 70% and 20-30%, respectively, of that on Ti alloy. There was a significant difference between self-curing acrylic 1 and 2, even with the same curing modality. The cell retention ability also varied considerably among the materials. Although the detrimental effects were mitigated in the proximity experiment compared to the contact experiment, adverse effects on cell growth and collagen production remained significant during all phases of cell settlement for bis-acrylics and flowable composite. Specifically, the early settlement phase was not sufficient to significantly mitigate the material cytotoxicity. The flowable composite was consistently more cytotoxic than the bulk-fill composite. The harmful effects of the provisional materials on gingival fibroblasts vary considerably depending on the curing modality and compositions. Pre-settlement of cells mitigated the harmful effects, implying the susceptibility to material toxicity varies depending on the progress of wound healing and tissue condition. However, cell pre-settlement was not sufficient to fully restore the fibroblastic function to the normal level. Particularly, the adverse effects of bis-acrylics and flowable composite remained significant. Milled and self-curing acrylic exhibited excellent and acceptable biocompatibility, respectively, compared to other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Matsuura
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Stella Stavrou
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Keiji Komatsu
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - James Cheng
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Alisa Pham
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | | | - Tomomi Baba
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Ting-Ling Chang
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Denny Chao
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.S.); (J.C.); (A.P.); (T.B.); (T.-L.C.); (D.C.); (T.O.)
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Del Castillo R, Chochlidakis K, Galindo-Moreno P, Ercoli C. Titanium Nitride Coated Implant Abutments: From Technical Aspects And Soft tissue Biocompatibility to Clinical Applications. A Literature Review. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:571-578. [PMID: 34731520 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the most up to date scientific evidence concerning the technical implications, soft tissue biocompatibility, and clinical applications derived from the use of titanium nitride hard thin film coatings on titanium alloy implant abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review was performed to answer the following focused question: "What is the clinical reliability of nitride coated titanium alloy abutments?". A MEDLINE search between 1980 and 2021 was performed for investigations pertaining to the clinical use of nitride coated titanium alloy implant abutments (TiN) in case reports, case series, and short- and long-term non/randomized controlled clinical trials. Literature analysis led to addition evaluation of research related to the technical and biological aspects, as well as the physicochemical characteristics of TiN hard thin film coatings and their impact on titanium abutment biocompatibility, mechanical properties, macroscopic surface topography, and optical properties. Therefore, preclinical data from biomechanical and in vitro investigations were also considered as inclusion criteria. RESULTS The limited number of clinical investigations published made a systematic review and meta-analysis not possible, therefore a narrative review was conducted. TiN coatings have been applied to dental materials and instruments to improve their clinical longevity. Implant abutments are coated with titanium nitride to mask the titanium oxide surface and enhance its surface characteristics providing the TiN abutment surface with a low friction coefficient and a very high chemical inertness. TiN coating is suggested to reduce early bacterial colonization and biofilm formation and enhance fibroblast cell proliferation, attachment and adhesion when compared to Ti controls. Additionally, studies indicate that hard thin film coatings enhance the mechanical properties (hardness and wear resistance) of titanium alloy and appears as a yellow color when deposited on the titanium alloy substrate. To date, clinical investigations show that nitride coated titanium abutments provide promising short-term clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Published research on nitride-coated abutments is still limited, however, the available biomedical research, mechanical engineering tests, in vitro investigations, and short-term clinical trials have, to date, reported promising mechanical, biological, and esthetic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Del Castillo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Konstantinos Chochlidakis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlo Ercoli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
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Guo Y, Wang X, Wang C, Chen S. In vitro behaviour of human gingival fibroblasts cultured on 3D-printed titanium alloy with hydrogenated TiO 2 nanotubes. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2022; 33:27. [PMID: 35235072 PMCID: PMC8891238 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-022-06649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM), as one of the most common 3D-printed technologies, can form personalized implants, which after further surface modification can obtain excellent osseointegration. To study the surface properties of SLM titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) with hydrogenated titanium dioxide (TiO2)nanotubes (TNTs) and its influence on the biological behaviour of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), we used SLM to prepare 3D-printed titanium alloy samples (3D-Ti), which were electrochemically anodizing to fabricate 3D-TNTs and then further hydrogenated at high temperature to obtain 3D-H2-TNTs. Polished cast titanium alloy (MP-Ti) was used as the control group. The surface morphology, hydrophilicity and roughness of MP-Ti, 3D-Ti, 3D-TNTs and 3D-H2-TNTs were measured and analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle metre, surface roughness measuring instrument and atomic force microscope, respectively. HGFs were cultured on the four groups of samples, and the cell morphology was observed by SEM. Fluorescence staining (DAPI) was used to observe the number of adhered cell nuclei, while a cell counting kit (CCK-8) was used to detect the early adhesion and proliferation of HGFs. Fluorescence quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the expression of adhesion-related genes and fibronectin (FN), respectively. The results of this in vitro comparison study indicated that electrochemical anodic oxidation and high-temperature hydrogenation can form a superhydrophilic micro-nano composite morphology on the surface of SLM titanium alloy, which can promote both the early adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts and improve the expression of cell adhesion-related genes and fibronectin. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatong Guo
- Multidisciplinary Treatment Center, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Multidisciplinary Treatment Center, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Multidisciplinary Treatment Center, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Su Chen
- Multidisciplinary Treatment Center, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China.
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5
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Wang C, Wang X, Lu R, Gao S, Ling Y, Chen S. Responses of human gingival fibroblasts to superhydrophilic hydrogenated titanium dioxide nanotubes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 198:111489. [PMID: 33257160 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue integration is critical for the long-term retention of dental implants. The surface properties including topography and wettability can impact soft tissue sealing. In our work, a thermal hydrogenation technique was applied to modify anodized titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs). However, the effects of the hydrogenated surface on soft-tissue cells remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the bioactivities of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on structured surfaces, which determine the early formation of soft tissue sealing. Three groups were examined: commercially pure titanium (Ti), anodized TNTs (air-TNTs) and hydrogenated TNTs (H2-TNTs). Scanning electron microscopy showed the nanotubular topography on the titanium surfaces after anodization. Then, hydrogenation ensured that the H2-TNTs were superhydrophilic with a contact angle of 3.5 ± 0.8°. In vitro studies such as cell adhesion assays, cell morphology, immunocytochemistry, wound healing assays, real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays displayed enhanced adhesion, migration, relative gene expression levels, and extracellular matrix synthesis of the HGFs on H2-TNTs. Interestingly, focal adhesion kinase activation and integrin-mediated adhesion seemed to be induced by the H2-TNT surface. Our results revealed that a superhydrophilic nanostructure modified by anodization and hydrogenation can improve the bioactivity of HGFs and connective tissue regeneration, which will further promote and expand the application of titanium dioxide nanotubes in dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China; Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ran Lu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yunhan Ling
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Su Chen
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Enhanced Human Gingival Fibroblast Response and Reduced Porphyromonas gingivalis Adhesion with Titania Nanotubes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5651780. [PMID: 32596329 PMCID: PMC7298314 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5651780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful dental implants rely on stable osseointegration and soft-tissue integration. Titania nanotubes (TNTs) with a diameter of 100 nm could increase the mesenchymal stem cell response and simultaneously decrease Staphylococcus aureus adhesion. However, the interactions between the modified surface and surrounding soft tissues are still unknown. In the present study, we fully investigated the biological behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). TNTs were synthesized on titanium (Ti) surfaces by electrochemical anodization at 10, 30, and 60 V, and the products were denoted as NT10, NT30, and NT60, respectively. NT10 (diameter: 30 nm) and NT30 (diameter: 100 nm) could enhance the HGF functions, such as cell attachment and proliferation and extracellular matrix- (ECM-) related gene expressions, with the latter showing higher enhancement. NT60 (diameter: 200 nm) clearly impaired cell adhesion and proliferation and ECM-related gene expressions. Bacterial adhesion on the TNTs decreased and reached the lowest value on NT30. Therefore, NT30 without pharmaceuticals can be used to substantially enhance the HGF response and reduce P. gingivalis adhesion to the utmost, thus demonstrating significant potential in the transgingival part of dental implants.
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7
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Pansani TN, Basso FG, de Souza Costa CA. In vitro effects of photobiomodulation applied to gingival fibroblasts cultured on titanium and zirconia surfaces and exposed to LPS from Escherichia coli. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:2031-2038. [PMID: 32533469 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is used to stimulate cell proliferation and metabolism, as well as reduce inflammatory cytokine synthesis, which plays a main role in the long-term stability of implants. This study assessed the response of gingival fibroblasts cultured on titanium (Ti) and zirconia (ZrO2), submitted to PBM and exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cells seeded on Ti and ZrO2 were irradiated (InGaAsP; 780 nm, 25 mW) 3 times, using 0.5, 1.5, and 3.0 J/cm2 doses, and exposed to Escherichia coli LPS (1 μg/mL). After 24 h, cell viability (alamarBlue, n = 8), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 8 (IL-8) synthesis (ELISA, n = 6), and IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression (qPCR, n = 5) were assessed and statistically analyzed (one-way ANOVA, α = 0.05). Cell morphology was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Increased cell viability occurred in all groups cultured on Ti compared with that of the control, except for cells exposed to LPS. Fibroblasts cultured on ZrO2 and LPS-exposed exhibited reduced viability. PBM at 3.0 J/cm2 and 1.5 J/cm2 downregulated the IL-6 synthesis by fibroblasts seeded on Ti and ZrO2, as well as IL-8 synthesis by cells seeded on ZrO2. Fibroblasts seeded on both surfaces and LPS-exposed showed increased IL-6 gene expression; however, this activity was downregulated when fibroblasts were irradiated at 3.0 J/cm2. Enhanced VEGF gene expression by cells seeded on Ti and laser-irradiated (3.0 J/cm2). Distinct patterns of cytoskeleton occurred in laser-irradiated cells exposed to LPS. Specific parameters of PBM can biomodulate the inflammatory response of fibroblasts seeded on Ti or ZrO2 and exposed to LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisa Nogueira Pansani
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Humaita, 1680. Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.
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8
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Maminskas J, Pilipavicius J, Staisiunas E, Baranovas G, Alksne M, Daugela P, Juodzbalys G. Novel Yttria-Stabilized Zirconium Oxide and Lithium Disilicate Coatings on Titanium Alloy Substrate for Implant Abutments and Biomedical Application. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2070. [PMID: 32365921 PMCID: PMC7254192 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to create novel bioceramic coatings on a titanium alloy and evaluate their surface properties in comparison with conventional prosthetic materials. The highly polished titanium alloy Ti6Al4V (Ti) was used as a substrate for yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide (3YSZ) and lithium disilicate (LS2) coatings. They were generated using sol-gel strategies. In comparison, highly polished surfaces of Ti, yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide (ZrO2), polyether ether ketone (PEEK) composite, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were utilized. Novel coatings were characterized by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The roughness by atomic force microscope (AFM), water contact angle (WCA), and surface free energy (SFE) were determined. Additionally, biocompatibility and human gingival fibroblast (HGF) adhesion processes (using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM)) were observed. The deposition of 3YSZ and LS2 coatings changed the physicochemical properties of the Ti. Both coatings were biocompatible, while Ti-3YSZ demonstrated the most significant cell area of 2630 μm2 (p ≤ 0.05) and the significantly highest, 66.75 ± 4.91, focal adhesions (FAs) per cell after 24 h (p ≤ 0.05). By contrast, PEEK and PMMA demonstrated the highest roughness and WCA and the lowest results for cellular response. Thus, Ti-3YSZ and Ti-LS2 surfaces might be promising for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Maminskas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50106 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgis Pilipavicius
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), 02300 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Edvinas Staisiunas
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Gytis Baranovas
- Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (E.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Milda Alksne
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Povilas Daugela
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50140 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.D.); (G.J.)
| | - Gintaras Juodzbalys
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50140 Kaunas, Lithuania; (P.D.); (G.J.)
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Benz K, Schöbel A, Dietz M, Maurer P, Jackowski J. Adhesion Behaviour of Primary Human Osteoblasts and Fibroblasts on Polyether Ether Ketone Compared with Titanium under In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide Incubation. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172739. [PMID: 31461861 PMCID: PMC6747843 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro pilot study was to analyse the adhesion behaviour of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) when compared with titanium surfaces in an inflammatory environment under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) incubation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of primary human osteoblasts/fibroblasts on titanium/PEEK samples were created. The gene expression of the LPS-binding protein (LBP) and the LPS receptor (toll-like receptor 4; TLR4) was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Immunocytochemistry was used to obtain evidence for the distribution of LBP/TLR4 at the protein level of the extra-cellular-matrix-binding protein vinculin and the actin cytoskeleton. SEM images revealed that the osteoblasts and fibroblasts on the PEEK surfaces had adhesion characteristics comparable to those of titanium. The osteoblasts contracted under LPS incubation and a significantly increased LBP gene expression were detected. This was discernible at the protein level on all the materials. Whereas no increase of TLR4 was detected with regard to mRNA concentrations, a considerable increase in the antibody reaction was detected on all the materials. As is the case with titanium, the colonisation of human osteoblasts and fibroblasts on PEEK samples is possible under pro-inflammatory environmental conditions and the cellular inflammation behaviour towards PEEK is lower than that of titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbinian Benz
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schöbel
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
| | - Marisa Dietz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital North Dortmund, 44145 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Peter Maurer
- Private Practice Clinic for Oral Surgery, 66606 St. Wendel, Germany
| | - Jochen Jackowski
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
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10
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Pansani TN, Basso FG, Souza IDR, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA. Characterization of titanium surface coated with epidermal growth factor and its effect on human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:48-54. [PMID: 30965181 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Different strategies, such as modifications on the implant abutments surface have been proposed to accelerate and improve the formation of the biological seal (BS). The aim of this study was to characterize a titanium (Ti) surface impregnated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and to assess its influence on the metabolism and adhesion of oral mucosal cells. DESIGN Ti discs were coated with EGF (100 nM) conjugated with a fluorophore and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. The surface roughness analysis (Ra) of the EGF-coated Ti was performed by confocal microscopy. The EGF released in the wet environment was determined at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h by fluorimetric quantification. For assessment of the biological effects of EGF-coated Ti, gingival fibroblasts were seeded (5 × 104 cells) onto the substrate coated or not with this growth factor. After 24 h, cell adhesion and viability were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey tests, α = .05. RESULTS Immediate release of EGF as well as its incorporation by fibroblasts within 1 h after cells were seeded was observed. EGF-coated Ti discs presented significantly enhance surface roughness. Increased cell viability was observed on the EGF-coated discs. CONCLUSION EGF applied to Ti discs stimulated the adhesion and metabolism of gingival fibroblasts and could be considered as an interesting alternative for improving the BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisa Nogueira Pansani
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Isabela Dos Reis Souza
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
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Xu R, Hu X, Yu X, Wan S, Wu F, Ouyang J, Deng F. Micro-/nano-topography of selective laser melting titanium enhances adhesion and proliferation and regulates adhesion-related gene expressions of human gingival fibroblasts and human gingival epithelial cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5045-5057. [PMID: 30233172 PMCID: PMC6129016 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s166661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Selective laser melting (SLM) titanium is an ideal option to manufacture customized implants with suitable surface modification to improve its bioactivity. The peri-implant soft tissues form a protective tissue barrier for the underlying osseointegration. Therefore, original microrough SLM surfaces should be treated for favorable attachment of surrounding soft tissues. Material and methods In this study, anodic oxidation (AO) was applied on the microrough SLM titanium substrate to form TiO2 nanotube arrays. After that, calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles were embedded into the nanotubes or the interval of nanotubes by electrochemical deposition (AOC). These two samples were compared to untreated (SLM) samples and accepted mechanically polished (MP) SLM titanium samples. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, surface roughness, and water contact angle measurements were used for surface characterization. The primary human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were cultured for cell assays to determine adhesion, proliferation, and adhesion-related gene expressions. Results For HGECs, AOC samples showed significantly higher adhesion, proliferation, and adhesion-related gene expressions than AO and SLM samples (P<0.05) and similar exceptional ability in above aspects to MP samples. At the same time, AOC samples showed the highest adhesion, proliferation, and adhesion-related gene expressions for HGFs (P<0.05). Conclusion By comparison between each sample, we could confirm that both anodic oxidation and CaP nanoparticles had improved bioactivity, and their combined utilization may likely be superior to mechanical polishing, which is most commonly used and widely accepted. Our results indicated that creating appropriate micro-/nano-topographies can be an effective method to affect cell behavior and increase the stability of the peri-implant mucosal barrier on SLM titanium surfaces, which contributes to its application in dental and other biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruogu Xu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China,
| | - Xiucheng Hu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China,
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China,
| | - Shuangquan Wan
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China,
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China,
| | - Jianglin Ouyang
- Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, PR China.,Guangzhou Janus Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China, .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, PR China,
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12
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Miao X, Wang D, Xu L, Wang J, Zeng D, Lin S, Huang C, Liu X, Jiang X. The response of human osteoblasts, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages and oral bacteria to nanostructured titanium surfaces: a systematic study. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1415-1430. [PMID: 28260888 PMCID: PMC5325133 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s126760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotopography modification is a major focus of interest in current titanium surface design; however, the influence of the nanostructured surface on human cell/bacterium behavior has rarely been systematically evaluated. In this study, a homogeneous nanofiber structure was prepared on a titanium surface (Nano) by alkali-hydrothermal treatment, and the effects of this Nano surface on the behaviors of human MG-63 osteoblasts, human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were evaluated in comparison with a smooth titanium surface (Smooth) by polishing and a micro-rough titanium surface (Micro) by sandblasting and acid etching. In addition, the impacts of these different surface morphologies on human THP-1 macrophage polarization and Streptococcus mutans attachment were also assessed. Our findings showed that the nanostructured surface enhanced the osteogenic activity of MG-63 cells (Nano=Micro>Smooth) at the same time that it improved the attachment of HGECs (Nano>Smooth>Micro) and HGFs (Nano=Micro>Smooth). Furthermore, the surface with nanotexture did not affect macrophage polarization (Nano=Micro=Smooth), but did reduce initial bacterial adhesion (Nano
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Miao
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Donghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
| | - Lianyi Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Deliang Zeng
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Shuxian Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
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13
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Biocompatibility of polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network (PICN) materials with Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs). Dent Mater 2016; 32:1152-64. [PMID: 27402299 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network (PICN) materials constitute an innovative class of CAD-CAM materials offering promising perspectives in prosthodontics, but no data are available in the literature regarding their biological properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of PICNs with human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in comparison with materials typically used for implant prostheses and abutments. METHODS HGF attachment, proliferation and spreading on discs made of PICN, grade V titanium (Ti), yttrium zirconia (Zi), lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (eM) and polytetrafluoroethylene (negative control), were evaluated using a specific insert-based culture system (IBS-R). Sample surface properties were characterized by XPS, contact angle measurement, profilometry and SEM. RESULTS Ti and Zi gave the best results regarding HGF viability, morphology, number and coverage increase with time in comparison with the negative control, while PICN and eM gave intermediate results, cell spreading being comparable for PICN, Ti, Zi and eM. Despite the presence of polymers and their related hydrophobicity, PICN exhibited comparable results to glass-ceramic materials, which could be explained by the mode of polymerization of the monomers. SIGNIFICANCE The results of the present study confirm that the currently employed materials, i.e. Ti and Zi, can be considered to be the gold standard of materials in terms of HGF behavior, while PICN gave intermediate results comparable to eM. The impact of the present in vitro results needs to be further investigated clinically, particularly in the view of the utilization of PICNs for prostheses on bone-level implants.
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Grenade C, Moniotte N, Rompen E, Vanheusden A, Mainjot A, De Pauw-Gillet MC. A new method using insert-based systems (IBS) to improve cell behavior study on flexible and rigid biomaterials. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2437-2448. [PMID: 27015830 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9964-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies about biomaterials biological properties are essential screening tests. Yet cell cultures encounter difficulties related to cell retention on material surface or to the observation of both faces of permeable materials. The objective of the present study was to develop a reliable in vitro method to study cell behavior on rigid and flexible/permeable biomaterials elaborating two specific insert-based systems (IBS-R and IBS-F respectively). IBS-R was designed as a specific cylindrical polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) system to evaluate attachment, proliferation and morphology of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on grade V titanium and lithium disilicate glass-ceramic discs characteristics of dental prostheses. The number of cells, their covering on discs and their morphology were determined from MTS assays and microscopic fluorescent images after 24, 48 and 72 h. IBS-F was developed as a two components system to study HGFs behavior on guided bone regeneration polyester membranes. The viability and the membrane barrier effect were evaluated by metabolic MTS assays and by scanning electron microscopy. IBS-R and IBS-F were shown to promote (1) easy and rapid handling; (2) cell retention on biomaterial surface; (3) accurate evaluation of the cellular proliferation, spreading and viability; (4) use of non-toxic material. Moreover IBS-F allowed the study of the cell migration through degradable membranes, with an access to both faces of the biomaterial and to the bottom of culture wells for medium changing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Grenade
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU) and Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULg) and University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Quai Godefroid Kurth 45, 4020, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Moniotte
- Mammalian Cell Culture Laboratory, GIGA-R, University of Liège (ULg), Liège, Belgium.,GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, Parc de la Noire Epine, Rue Fleming, 20, 1300-, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Eric Rompen
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Surgery, Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULg) and University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Vanheusden
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU) and Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULg) and University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Quai Godefroid Kurth 45, 4020, Liège, Belgium
| | - Amélie Mainjot
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU) and Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULg) and University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Quai Godefroid Kurth 45, 4020, Liège, Belgium
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