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Du W, Lenz D, Köhler R, Zhang E, Cendon C, Li J, Massoud M, Wachtlin J, Bodo J, Hauser AE, Radbruch A, Dong J. Rapid Isolation of Functional ex vivo Human Skin Tissue-Resident Memory T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624013. [PMID: 33828548 PMCID: PMC8019735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in animal models have shown that skin tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells provide enhanced and immediate effector function at the site of infection. However, analyses of skin TRM cells in humans have been hindered by the lack of an optimized isolation protocol. Here, we present a combinatorial strategy-the 6-h collagenase IV digestion and gentle tissue dissociation – for rapid and efficient isolation of skin TRM cells with skin tissue-specific immune features. In comparison with paired blood circulating memory T cells, these ex vivo isolated skin T cells express typical TRM cell markers and display higher polyfunctional properties. Moreover, these isolated cells can also be assessed for longer periods of time in ex vivo cultures. Thus, the optimized isolation protocol provides a valuable tool for further understanding of human skin TRM cells, especially for direct comparison with peripheral blood T cells at the same sample collection time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Du
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lenz
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Köhler
- Central Lab for Microscopy, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Carla Cendon
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jinchan Li
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mona Massoud
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Wachtlin
- Sankt Gertrauden Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany.,Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg, Neurrupin, Germany
| | - Juliane Bodo
- Plastische und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja E Hauser
- Central Lab for Microscopy, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Immune Dynamics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jun Dong
- Cell Biology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Zhang X, Wang L, Han L, Wang Y, Dai B, Song X. Anchoring resveratrol on surface of electrospun star-shaped PCL-COOH/PLLA fibers. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2019.1616199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Libin Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhe Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Boya Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofeng Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
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3
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Clayton K, Vallejo AF, Davies J, Sirvent S, Polak ME. Langerhans Cells-Programmed by the Epidermis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1676. [PMID: 29238347 PMCID: PMC5712534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) reside in the epidermis as a dense network of immune system sentinels. These cells determine the appropriate adaptive immune response (inflammation or tolerance) by interpreting the microenvironmental context in which they encounter foreign substances. In a normal physiological, "non-dangerous" situation, LCs coordinate a continuous state of immune tolerance, preventing unnecessary and harmful immune activation. Conversely, when they sense a danger signal, for example during infection or when the physical integrity of skin has been compromised as a result of a trauma, they instruct T lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system to mount efficient effector responses. Recent advances investigating the molecular mechanisms underpinning the cross talk between LCs and the epidermal microenvironment reveal its importance for programming LC biology. This review summarizes the novel findings describing LC origin and function through the analysis of the transcriptomic programs and gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Review and meta-analysis of publicly available datasets clearly delineates LCs as distinct from both conventional dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, suggesting a primary role for the epidermal microenvironment in programming LC biology. This concept is further supported by the analysis of the effect of epidermal pro-inflammatory signals, regulating key GRNs in human and murine LCs. Applying whole transcriptome analyses and in silico analysis has advanced our understanding of how LCs receive, integrate, and process signals from the steady-state and diseased epidermis. Interestingly, in homeostasis and under immunological stress, the molecular network in LCs remains relatively stable, reflecting a key evolutionary need related to tissue localization. Importantly, to fulfill their key role in orchestrating antiviral adaptive immune responses, LC share specific transcriptomic modules with other DC types able to cross-present antigens to cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, pointing to a possible evolutionary convergence mechanism. With the development of more advanced technologies allowing delineation of the molecular networks at the level of chromatin organization, histone modifications, protein translation, and phosphorylation, future "omics" investigations will bring in-depth understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underpinning human LC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalum Clayton
- Systems Immmunology Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andres F Vallejo
- Systems Immmunology Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - James Davies
- Systems Immmunology Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Sofia Sirvent
- Systems Immmunology Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Marta E Polak
- Systems Immmunology Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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4
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PAMAM (generation 4) incorporated gelatin 3D matrix as an improved dermal substitute for skin tissue engineering. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Ru C, Wang F, Pang M, Sun L, Chen R, Sun Y. Suspended, Shrinkage-Free, Electrospun PLGA Nanofibrous Scaffold for Skin Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:10872-10877. [PMID: 25941905 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a technique for creating continuous nanofibrous networks that can architecturally be similar to the structure of extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the shrinkage of electrospun mats is unfavorable for the triggering of cell adhesion and further growth. In this work, electrospun PLGA nanofiber assemblies are utilized to create a scaffold. Aided by a polypropylene auxiliary supporter, the scaffold is able to maintain long-term integrity without dimensional shrinkage. This scaffold is also able to suspend in cell culture medium; hence, keratinocyte cells seeded on the scaffold are exposed to air as required in skin tissue engineering. Experiments also show that human skin keratinocytes can proliferate on the scaffold and infiltrate into the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Ru
- ‡College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- ∥Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | | | - Ming Pang
- ‡College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | | | - Ruihua Chen
- §Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yu Sun
- ‡College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
- ∥Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
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6
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Soria A, Boccara D, Chonco L, Yahia N, Dufossée M, Cardinaud S, Moris A, Liard C, Joulin-Giet A, Julithe M, Mimoun M, Combadière B, Perrin H. Long-term maintenance of skin immune system in a NOD-Scid IL2rγnullmouse model transplanted with human skin. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:850-2. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angèle Soria
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
- Service de dermatologie et allergologie, hôpital Tenon; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris France
| | - David Boccara
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice, esthétique, centre de brûlés, hôpital Saint-Louis; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris France
| | - Louis Chonco
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Nora Yahia
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Mélody Dufossée
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Sylvain Cardinaud
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
- CNRS ERL8255; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Arnaud Moris
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
- CNRS ERL8255; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Christelle Liard
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Alix Joulin-Giet
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Marion Julithe
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Maurice Mimoun
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice, esthétique, centre de brûlés, hôpital Saint-Louis; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris France
| | - Béhazine Combadière
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
| | - Hélène Perrin
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Cimi-Paris; Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ. Paris 06; UMR_S CR7; Paris France
- INSERM U1135; Cimi-Paris; Paris France
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7
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Abstract
The skin provides an effective physical and biological barrier against environmental and pathogenic insults whilst ensuring tolerance against commensal microbes. This protection is afforded by the unique anatomy and cellular composition of the skin, particularly the vast network of skin-associated immune cells. These include the long-appreciated tissue-resident macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells, as well as the more recently described dermal γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells. Collectively, these cells orchestrate the defense against a wide range of pathogens and environmental challenges, but also perform a number of homeostatic functions. Here, we review recent developments in our understanding of the various roles that leukocyte subsets play in cutaneous immunobiology, and introduce the newer members of the skin immune system. Implications for human disease are discussed.
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Human CD8+ memory and EBV-specific T cells show low alloreactivity in vitro and in CD34+ stem cell-engrafted NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγc null mice. Exp Hematol 2013; 42:28-38.e1-2. [PMID: 24120693 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Current strategies in cellular immunotherapy of cancer and viral infections include the adoptive transfer of T cell receptor (TCR) and chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells. When using transient RNA expression systems in clinical studies, multiple infusions with receptor-redirected T cells appear necessary. However, in allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, repeated transfer of donor-derived T cells increases the risk of alloreactive graft-versus-host disease. We investigated naive-derived (TN), memory-derived (TM), and Epstein Barr virus-specific (TEBV) CD8(+) T cell subsets for alloreactivity upon redirection with RNA encoding a cytomegalovirus-specific model TCR. We observed that alloreactivity to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched hematopoietic cells developed at much stronger levels in TN compared with TM or TEBV populations in cytokine-release and cytotoxicity assays. Cytomegalovirus-specific effector function was higher in TCR-transfected TEBV and TM over TN cells. To measure alloreactivity in vivo, we reconstituted NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγc(null) mice with human CD34(+) stem cells and adoptively transferred them with CD8(+) T cell subsets previously stimulated against cells of the HLA-mismatched stem-cell donor. TN cells showed a significant ability to eliminate CD34-derived hematopoietic cells, which was not found with TM and TEBV cells. This reduced alloreactive potential along with strong effector function upon receptor RNA engineering makes CD8(+) memory and EBV-specific T cells advantageous tools in adoptive immunotherapy after allogeneic transplantation.
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9
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Distinct molecular signature of human skin Langerhans cells denotes critical differences in cutaneous dendritic cell immune regulation. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 134:695-703. [PMID: 24005050 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Langerhans cells (LCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) residing in the epidermis. Despite their high potential to activate T lymphocytes, current understanding of human LC biology is limited. Genome-wide comparison of the transcriptional profiles of human skin migratory CD1a+ LCs and CD11c+ dermal dendritic cells (DDCs) demonstrated significant differences between these "dendritic cell (DC)" types, including preferential expression of 625 genes (P<0.05) in LC and 914 genes (P<0.05) in DDC. Analysis of the temporal regulation of molecular networks activated after stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) confirmed the unique molecular signature of LCs. Although LCs conformed to the phenotype of professional APC, inflammatory signaling activated primarily genes associated with cellular metabolism and mitochondrial activation (e.g., CYB561 and MRPS35), cell membrane re-organization, and antigen acquisition and degradation (CAV1 and PSMD14; P<0.05-P<0.0001). Conversely, TNF-α induced classical activation in DDCs with early downregulation of surface receptors (mannose receptor-1 (MRC1) and C-type lectins), and subsequent upregulation of cytokines, chemokines (IL1a, IL1b, and CCL18), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9; P<0.05-P<0.0001). Functional interference of caveolin abrogated LCs superior ability to cross-present antigens to CD8+ T lymphocytes, highlighting the importance of these networks to biological function. Taken together, these observations support the idea of distinct biological roles of cutaneous DC types.
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10
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Fundamental immunology of skin transplantation and key strategies for tolerance induction. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2013; 61:397-405. [PMID: 23685832 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-013-0233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of allogeneic or xenogeneic skin grafts can evoke strong immune responses that lead to acute rejection of the graft tissues. In this process, donor-derived dendritic cells play crucial roles in the triggering of such immune responses. Both the innate and acquired host immune systems participate in graft rejection. At present, the rejection of skin grafts cannot be well-controlled by ordinary systemic immunosuppression therapy. Although several strategies for the long-term survival of allogeneic or xenogeneic skin grafts have been demonstrated in animal models, the induction of long-term tolerance to skin grafts is still a great challenge in clinical settings. In this article, we review the progress in the understanding of immune responses to skin grafts and discuss the possible methods that can decrease the immunogenicity of graft tissues and improve the survival of skin grafts, especially those included in preoperative pre-treatments.
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Bechan GI, Lee DW, Zajonc DM, Heckel D, Xian R, Throsby M, van Meijer M, Germeraad WTV, Kruisbeek AM, Egeler RM, Arceci RJ. Phage display generation of a novel human anti-CD1A monoclonal antibody with potent cytolytic activity. Br J Haematol 2012; 159:299-310. [PMID: 22934889 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CD1A is a cell surface protein expressed on Langerhans cells and cortical thymocytes that could potentially be used as an immunotherapeutic target in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH), the cortical subtype of T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia (T-ALL) and other CD1A-positive tumours. The monoclonal antibody (mAb) CR2113 was selected from a panel of six fully human mAbs isolated from a semi-synthetic phage display library, based on specificity and avidity against cells expressing CD1 antigen variants. CR2113 recognized CD1A in T-ALL cell lines and patient samples. Confocal microscopy revealed that the CR2113-CD1A complex was internalized at 37°C. Furthermore, while CR2113 induced moderate complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), potent antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity was observed against CD1A expressing cell lines as well as T-ALL cell lines and T-ALL patient samples. In vivo experiments showed that CR2113 as a naked antibody has modest but specific anti-tumour activity against CD1A-expressing tumours. CR2113 is a high-affinity human anti-CD1A mAb with significant ADCC activity. These properties make CR2113 a candidate for clinical diagnostic imaging and therapeutic targeting of LCH as well as potential use in other clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali I Bechan
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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12
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Lin HY, Chen HH, Chang SH, Ni TS. Pectin-chitosan-PVA nanofibrous scaffold made by electrospinning and its potential use as a skin tissue scaffold. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 24:470-84. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2012.693047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Lin
- a Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , National Taipei University of Technology , 1, Sec 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei , 106 , Taiwan
- b Institute of Chemical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology , 1 Sec. 3 Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei , 106 , Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chen
- b Institute of Chemical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology , 1 Sec. 3 Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei , 106 , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chang
- c Department of Plastic Surgery , Mackay Memorial Hospital , No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd, Taipei , 104 , Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Sheng Ni
- c Department of Plastic Surgery , Mackay Memorial Hospital , No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd, Taipei , 104 , Taiwan
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13
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Clanchy FI, Hamilton JA. HUVEC co-culture and haematopoietic growth factors modulate human proliferative monocyte activity. Cytokine 2012; 59:31-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Strioga M, Schijns V, Powell DJ, Pasukoniene V, Dobrovolskiene N, Michalek J. Dendritic cells and their role in tumor immunosurveillance. Innate Immun 2012; 19:98-111. [PMID: 22732734 DOI: 10.1177/1753425912449549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of cells that play a key role in initiating, directing and regulating adaptive immune responses, including those critically involved in tumor immunosurveillance. As a riposte to the central role of DCs in the generation of antitumor immune responses, tumors have developed various mechanisms which impair the immunostimulatory functions of DCs or even instruct them to actively contribute to tumor growth and progression. In the first part of this review we discuss general aspects of DC biology, including their origin, subtypes, immature and mature states, and functional plasticity which ensures a delicate balance between active immune response and immune tolerance. In the second part of the review we discuss the complex interactions between DCs and the tumor microenvironment, and point out the challenges faced by DCs during the recognition of tumor Ags. We also discuss the role of DCs in tumor angiogenesis and vasculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Strioga
- Department of Immunology, Center of Oncosurgery, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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