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Giordano D, Kuley R, Draves KE, Elkon KB, Giltiay NV, Clark EA. B cell-activating factor (BAFF) from dendritic cells, monocytes and neutrophils is required for B cell maturation and autoantibody production in SLE-like autoimmune disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1050528. [PMID: 36923413 PMCID: PMC10009188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose and methods B cell-activating factor (BAFF) contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although several anti-BAFF Abs and derivatives have been developed for the treatment of SLE, the specific sources of BAFF that sustain autoantibody (auto-Ab) producing cells have not been definitively identified. Using BAFF-RFP reporter mice, we identified major changes in BAFF-producing cells in two mouse spontaneous lupus models (Tlr7 Tg mice and Sle1), and in a pristane-induced lupus (PIL) model. Results First, we confirmed that similar to their wildtype Tlr7 Tg and Sle1 mice counterparts, BAFF-RFP Tlr7 Tg mice and BAFF-RFP Sle1 mice had increased BAFF serum levels, which correlated with increases in plasma cells and auto-Ab production. Next, using the RFP reporter, we defined which cells had dysregulated BAFF production. BAFF-producing neutrophils (Nphs), monocytes (MOs), cDCs, T cells and B cells were all expanded in the spleens of BAFF-RFP Tlr7 Tg mice and BAFF-RFP Sle1 mice compared to controls. Furthermore, Ly6Chi inflammatory MOs and T cells had significantly increased BAFF expression per cell in both spontaneous lupus models, while CD8- DCs up-regulated BAFF expression only in the Tlr7 Tg mice. Similarly, pristane injection of BAFF-RFP mice induced increases in serum BAFF levels, auto-Abs, and the expansion of BAFF-producing Nphs, MOs, and DCs in both the spleen and peritoneal cavity. BAFF expression in MOs and DCs, in contrast to BAFF from Nphs, was required to maintain homeostatic and pristane-induced systemic BAFF levels and to sustain mature B cell pools in spleens and BMs. Although acting through different mechanisms, Nph, MO and DC sources of BAFF were each required for the development of auto-Abs in PIL mice. Conclusions Our findings underscore the importance of considering the relative roles of specific myeloid BAFF sources and B cell niches when developing treatments for SLE and other BAFF-associated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Daniela Giordano,
| | - Runa Kuley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kevin E. Draves
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Keith B. Elkon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Natalia V. Giltiay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Edward A. Clark
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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2
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Dulin H, Hendricks N, Xu D, Gao L, Wuang K, Ai H, Hai R. Impact of Protein Nitration on Influenza Virus Infectivity and Immunogenicity. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0190222. [PMID: 36314966 PMCID: PMC9769652 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01902-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses are deadly respiratory pathogens of special importance due to their long history of global pandemics. During influenza virus infections, the host responds by producing interferons, which activate interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) inside target cells. One of these ISGs is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). iNOS produces nitric oxide (NO) from arginine and molecular oxygen inside the cell. NO can react with superoxide radicals to form reactive nitrogen species, principally peroxynitrite. While much work has been done studying the many roles of nitric oxide in influenza virus infections, the direct effect of peroxynitrite on influenza virus proteins has not been determined. Manipulations of NO, either by knocking out iNOS or chemically inhibiting NO, produced no change in virus titers in mouse models of influenza infection. However, peroxynitrite has a known antimicrobial effect on various bacteria and parasites, and the reason for its lack of antimicrobial effect on influenza virus titers in vivo remains unclear. Therefore, we wished to test the direct effect of nitration of influenza virus proteins. We examined the impact of nitration on virus infectivity, replication, and immunogenicity. We observed that the nitration of influenza A virus proteins decreased virus infectivity and replication ex vivo. We also determined that the nitration of influenza virus hemagglutinin protein can reduce antibody responses to native virus protein. However, our study also suggests that nitration of influenza virus proteins in vivo is likely not extensive enough to inhibit virus functions substantially. These findings will help clarify the role of peroxynitrite during influenza virus infections. IMPORTANCE Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite produced during microbial infections have diverse and seemingly paradoxical functions. While nitration of lung tissue during influenza virus infection has been observed in both mice and humans, the direct effect of protein nitration on influenza viruses has remained elusive. We addressed the impact of nitration of influenza virus proteins on virus infectivity, replication, and immunogenicity. We observed that ex vivo nitration of influenza virus proteins reduced virus infectivity and immunogenicity. However, we did not detect nitration of influenza virus hemagglutinin protein in vivo. These results contribute to our understanding of the roles of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in influenza virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison Dulin
- Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
- Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Nathan Hendricks
- Proteomics Core, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Duo Xu
- Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Linfeng Gao
- Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Keidy Wuang
- Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Huiwang Ai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Rong Hai
- Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
- Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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3
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Ferreira Silva M, Salomão Lopes C, Batista Ferreira França F, Lucas Pires Ramos E, Maria Santiago F, Roberto Mineo J, Wilson Patriarca Mineo T. Role of TLR2/MyD88 in the production of specific IgM and IgG antibodies during the immunization of mice against Neospora caninum. Vaccine 2022; 40:5860-5867. [PMID: 36075796 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is a parasite relevant to the veterinary field. Innate and adaptive responses against N. caninum induce effector mechanisms that limit parasite replication, but little is known about their role in humoral response. Our work aimed to verify whether key molecules in the TLR2/MyD88-mediated response would impact the production of specific IgM and IgG antibodies in mice during immunization with soluble antigens of N. caninum. We observed that lack of IFN-gamma did not negatively affect the production of specific antibodies. However, mice genetically deficient in Toll-like receptor 2, Myeloid differentiation factor 88, Interleukin 12 and inducible nitric oxide synthase presented significant decrease in antibody levels against N. caninum antigens, which also reflected in the diversity of the antigen recognized by their serum. In that sense, we show here that molecules within this innate recognition pathway may present a direct impact in the induction of an antibody response against N. caninum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ferreira Silva
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina Salomão Lopes
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Batista Ferreira França
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliézer Lucas Pires Ramos
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Maria Santiago
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Mineo
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia "Dr. Mario Endsfeldz Camargo", Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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4
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Li S, Ma Y, Wang L, Lan D, Fu L, Wu B. Two New Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. LSH-3-1. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200310. [PMID: 35642943 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two new alkaloids, peniokaramine (1) and penipyranopyridine (6), along with seven known compounds, were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. LSH-3-1. Their structures were elucidated from UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The anti-inflammatory potential of compounds 1-8 in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells was detected, revealing that compounds 3 and 5 significantly decreased LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, including NO, IL-6 and TNF-α. Compounds 1-8 were also screened for their cytotoxic activity against A549 cells and compound 1 showed moderate activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Li
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Ma
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Changshan Agriculture Development Center, Changshan, 324200, P. R. China
| | - Donghe Lan
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
| | - Leilei Fu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, P. R. China
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5
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Kuley R, Draves KE, Fuller DH, Giltiay NV, Clark EA, Giordano D. B cell activating factor (BAFF) from neutrophils and dendritic cells is required for protective B cell responses against Salmonella typhimurium infection. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259158. [PMID: 34705890 PMCID: PMC8550399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice lacking B cells are more susceptible to S. typhimurium infection. How B cells contribute to protective immunity against Salmonella and what signals drive their activation are still unclear. Neutrophils (Nphs), monocytes (MOs), and dendritic cells (DCs) are involved in early immune responses to control the initial replication of S. typhimurium. These cells can produce B cell activating factor (BAFF) required for mature B cell survival and may help regulate B cell responses during Salmonella infection. Using BAFF reporter mice (BAFF-RFP+/-), we discovered that an i.p. infection with a virulent strain of S. typhimurium increased BAFF expression in splenic conventional DCs (cDC) and inflammatory Ly6Chi MOs/DCs four days post-infection. S. typhimurium infection induced the release of BAFF from Nphs, a decrease of BAFF-RFP expression and expansion of BAFF-RFP+ Nphs in the spleen and peritoneal cavity. After S. typhimurium infection, serum BAFF levels and immature and mature B cell subsets and plasma cells increased substantially. Conditional knockout (cKO) mice lacking BAFF in either Nphs or cDCs compared to control Bafffl/fl mice had reduced up-regulation of systemic BAFF levels and reduced expansion of mature and germinal center B cell subsets after infection. Importantly, the cKO mice lacking BAFF from either Nphs or cDCs had impaired induction of Salmonella-specific IgM Abs, and were more susceptible to S. typhimurium infection. Thus, Nphs and cDCs are major cellular sources of BAFF driving B cell responses, required for mounting optimal protective immunity against lethal Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runa Kuley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RK); (DG)
| | - Kevin E. Draves
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Deborah H. Fuller
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Natalia V. Giltiay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Edward A. Clark
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Daniela Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RK); (DG)
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6
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Kelly SM, Larsen KR, Darling R, Petersen AC, Bellaire BH, Wannemuehler MJ, Narasimhan B. Single-dose combination nanovaccine induces both rapid and durable humoral immunity and toxin neutralizing antibody responses against Bacillus anthracis. Vaccine 2021; 39:3862-3870. [PMID: 34090702 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, continues to be a prominent biological warfare and bioterrorism threat. Vaccination is likely to remain the most effective and user-friendly public health measure to counter this threat in the foreseeable future. The commercially available AVA BioThrax vaccine has a number of shortcomings where improvement would lead to a more practical and effective vaccine for use in the case of an exposure event. Identification of more effective adjuvants and novel delivery platforms is necessary to improve not only the effectiveness of the anthrax vaccine, but also enhance its shelf stability and ease-of-use. Polyanhydride particles have proven to be an effective platform at adjuvanting the vaccine-associated adaptive immune response as well as enhancing stability of encapsulated antigens. Another class of adjuvants, the STING pathway-targeting cyclic dinucleotides, have proven to be uniquely effective at inducing a beneficial inflammatory response that leads to the rapid induction of high titer antibodies post-vaccination capable of providing protection against bacterial pathogens. In this work, we evaluate the individual contributions of cyclic di-GMP (CDG), polyanhydride nanoparticles, and a combination thereof towards inducing neutralizing antibody (nAb) against the secreted protective antigen (PA) from B. anthracis. Our results show that the combination nanovaccine elicited rapid, high titer, and neutralizing IgG anti-PA antibody following single dose immunization that persisted for at least 108 DPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Kristina R Larsen
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States; Interdepartmental Microbiology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ross Darling
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Andrew C Petersen
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Bryan H Bellaire
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States; Interdepartmental Microbiology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Michael J Wannemuehler
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Ames, IA, United States.
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Ames, IA, United States.
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7
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Dasoveanu DC, Park HJ, Ly CL, Shipman WD, Chyou S, Kumar V, Tarlinton D, Ludewig B, Mehrara BJ, Lu TT. Lymph node stromal CCL2 limits antibody responses. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/45/eaaw0693. [PMID: 32198221 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonhematopoietic stromal cells in lymph nodes such as fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) can support the survival of plasmablasts and plasma cells [together, antibody-forming cells (AFCs)]. However, a regulatory function for the stromal compartment in AFC accumulation has not been appreciated. Here, we show that chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)-expressing stromal cells limit AFC survival. FRCs express high levels of CCL2 in vessel-rich areas of the T cell zone and the medulla, where AFCs are located. FRC CCL2 is up-regulated during AFC accumulation, and we use lymph node transplantation to show that CCL2 deficiency in BP3+ FRCs and lymphatic endothelial cells increases AFC survival without affecting B or germinal center cell numbers. Monocytes are key expressers of the CCL2 receptor CCR2, as monocyte depletion and transfer late in AFC responses increases and decreases AFC accumulation, respectively. Monocytes express reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-dependent manner, and NOX2-deficient monocytes fail to reduce AFC numbers. Stromal CCL2 modulates both monocyte accumulation and ROS production, and is regulated, in part, by manipulations that modulate vascular permeability. Together, our results reveal that the lymph node stromal compartment, by influencing monocyte accumulation and functional phenotype, has a regulatory role in AFC survival. Our results further suggest a role for inflammation-induced vascular activity in tuning the lymph node microenvironment. The understanding of stromal-mediated AFC regulation in vessel-rich environments could potentially be harnessed to control antibody-mediated autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos C Dasoveanu
- Physiology Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Catherine L Ly
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - William D Shipman
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan-Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Susan Chyou
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Varsha Kumar
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - David Tarlinton
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen CH-9007, Switzerland.,Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Theresa T Lu
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA. .,Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Pediatric Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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8
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Sala E, Kuka M. The Suppressive Attitude of Inflammatory Monocytes in Antiviral Antibody Responses. Viral Immunol 2020; 33:327-333. [PMID: 32027238 PMCID: PMC7247028 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory monocytes play important functions in antiviral immune responses, including release of inflammatory cytokines and antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. Depending on the pathological context, these functions might translate into beneficial or detrimental effects in the resolution of the disease. Recent literature has highlighted a role for inflammatory monocytes also in direct suppression of B cell responses. In this review, we will briefly discuss research showing the relationship between inflammatory monocytes and B lymphocytes, its functional consequences on antiviral antibody responses, and possible implications in the design of future vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Sala
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirela Kuka
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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9
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Giordano D, Kuley R, Draves KE, Roe K, Holder U, Giltiay NV, Clark EA. BAFF Produced by Neutrophils and Dendritic Cells Is Regulated Differently and Has Distinct Roles in Antibody Responses and Protective Immunity against West Nile Virus. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:1508-1520. [PMID: 32034064 PMCID: PMC7357242 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF) is essential for B cells to develop and respond to Ags. Dysregulation of BAFF contributes to the development of some autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Little is known about when, where, and how BAFF is produced in vivo and about which BAFF-producing cells contribute to B cell responses. To better understand BAFF functions, we created BAFF reporter (BAFF-RFP) mice and Baff floxed (Bafffl/fl ) mice. Splenic and bone marrow neutrophils (Nphs) from BAFF-RFP mice expressed the highest constitutive levels of BAFF; other myeloid subsets, including conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and monocyte (MO) subsets, expressed lower levels. Treatment of BAFF-RFP mice with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid increased BAFF expression in splenic Ly6Chi inflammatory MOs, CD11bhi activated NK subset, and in bone marrow myeloid precursors. Postinfection with West Nile virus (WNV), BAFF increased in CD8- cDCs and Nphs, and BAFF+ CD11bhi NK cells expanded in draining lymph nodes. The cell- and tissue-specific increases in BAFF expression were dependent on type I IFN signaling. MAVS also was required or contributed to BAFF expression in dendritic cell and MO subsets, respectively. Mice with deletion of Baff in either cDCs or Nphs had reduced Ab responses after NP-Ficoll immunization; thus, BAFF produced by both cDCs and Nphs contributes to T cell-independent Ab responses. Conversely, mice with a cDC Baff deficiency had increased mortality after WNV infection and decreased WNV-specific IgG and neutralizing Ab responses. BAFF produced by Nphs and cDCs is regulated differently and has key roles in Ab responses and protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giordano
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and
| | - Runa Kuley
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and
| | - Kevin E Draves
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and
| | - Kelsey Roe
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and
| | - Ursula Holder
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and
| | - Natalia V Giltiay
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Edward A Clark
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109; and
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
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10
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Darling RJ, Senapati S, Kelly SM, Kohut ML, Narasimhan B, Wannemuehler MJ. STING pathway stimulation results in a differentially activated innate immune phenotype associated with low nitric oxide and enhanced antibody titers in young and aged mice. Vaccine 2019; 37:2721-2730. [PMID: 30987850 PMCID: PMC6499688 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most concerning public health issues, related to vaccination and disease prevention, is the inability to induce durable immune responses following a single-dose immunization. In this regard, the nature of the inflammatory environment induced by vaccine adjuvants can negatively impact the resulting immune response. To address these concerns, new strategies to vaccine design are needed in order to improve the outcomes of immune responses, particularly in immunologically disadvantaged populations. METHODS Comparisons of the scope of innate immune activation induced by TLR agonists versus cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) was performed. Their effects on the activation characteristics (e.g., metabolism, cytokine secretion) of bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were studied. In addition, the differential effects on in vivo induction of antibody responses were measured. RESULTS As compared to TLR ligands, the stimulation of BMDCs with CDNs induced distinctly different metabolic outcomes. Marked differences were observed in the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine BAFF. These distinct differences were correlated with improved (i.e., more rapid and persistent) vaccine antibody responses in both aged and young mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results illustrate that the innate immune pathway targeted by adjuvants can critically impact the outcome of the immune response post-vaccination. Specifically, CDN stimulation of APCs induced an activation phenotype that was characterized by decreased innate effector molecule production (e.g., NO) and increased BAFF. This was attributed to the induction of an innate inflammatory environment that enabled the host to make the most of the existing B lymphocyte potential. The use of adjuvants that differentially engage mechanisms of innate immune activation would be particularly advantageous for the generation of robust, single dose vaccines. The results of this study demonstrated that CDNs induced differential innate activation and enhanced vaccine induced antibody responses in both young and aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross J Darling
- Iowa State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, United States
| | - Sujata Senapati
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, United States
| | - Sean M Kelly
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, United States
| | - Marian L Kohut
- Iowa State University, Department of Kinesiology, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, United States
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Iowa State University, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, United States
| | - Michael J Wannemuehler
- Iowa State University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, United States; Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, United States.
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11
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Senapati S, Darling RJ, Loh D, Schneider IC, Wannemuehler MJ, Narasimhan B, Mallapragada SK. Pentablock Copolymer Micelle Nanoadjuvants Enhance Cytosolic Delivery of Antigen and Improve Vaccine Efficacy while Inducing Low Inflammation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1332-1342. [PMID: 33405651 PMCID: PMC8627116 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As the focus has shifted from traditional killed or live, attenuated vaccines toward subunit vaccines, improvements in vaccine safety have been confronted with low immunogenicity of protein antigens. This issue has been addressed by synthesizing and designing a wide variety of antigen carriers and adjuvants, such as Toll-like receptor agonists (e.g., MPLA, CpG). Studies have focused on optimizing adjuvants for improved cellular trafficking, cytosolic availability, and improved antigen presentation. In this work, we describe the design of novel amphiphilic pentablock copolymer (PBC) adjuvants that exhibit high biocompatibility and reversible pH- and temperature-sensitive micelle formation. We demonstrate improved humoral immunity in mice in response to single-dose immunization with PBC micelle adjuvants compared with soluble antigen alone. With the motive of exploring the mechanism of action of these PBC micelles, we studied intracellular trafficking of these PBC micelles with a model antigen and demonstrated that the PBC micelles associate with the antigen and enhance its cytosolic delivery to antigen-presenting cells. We posit that these PBC micelles operate via immune-enhancing mechanisms that are different from that of traditional Toll-like receptor activating adjuvants. The metabolic profile of antigen-presenting cells stimulated with traditional adjuvants and the PBC micelles also suggests distinct mechanisms of action. A key finding from this study is the low production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species by antigen-presenting cells when stimulated by PBC micelle adjuvants in sharp contrast to TLR adjuvants. Together, these studies provide a basis for rationally developing novel vaccine adjuvants that are safe, that induce low inflammation, and that can efficiently deliver antigen to the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Senapati
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Ross J. Darling
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Darren Loh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Ian C. Schneider
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Michael J. Wannemuehler
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Surya K. Mallapragada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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12
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Fagone P, Mazzon E, Bramanti P, Bendtzen K, Nicoletti F. Gasotransmitters and the immune system: Mode of action and novel therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:92-102. [PMID: 30016662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are a group of gaseous molecules, with pleiotropic biological functions. These molecules include nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO). Abnormal production and metabolism of these molecules have been observed in several pathological conditions. The understanding of the role of gasotransmitters in the immune system has grown significantly in the past years, and independent studies have shed light on the effect of exogenous and endogenous gasotransmitters on immune responses. Moreover, encouraging results come from the efficacy of NO-, CO- and H2S -donors in preclinical animal models of autoimmune, acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. To date, data on the influence of gasotransmitters in immunity and immunopathology are often scattered and partial, and the scarcity of clinical trials using NO-, CO- and H2S -donors, reveals that more effort is warranted. This review focuses on the role of gasotransmitters in the immune system and covers the evidences on the possible use of gasotransmitters for the treatment of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Stada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Klaus Bendtzen
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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13
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Giordano D, Draves KE, Young LB, Roe K, Bryan MA, Dresch C, Richner JM, Diamond MS, Gale M, Clark EA. Protection of mice deficient in mature B cells from West Nile virus infection by passive and active immunization. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006743. [PMID: 29176765 PMCID: PMC5720816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell activating factor receptor (BAFFR)-/- mice have a profound reduction in mature B cells, but unlike μMT mice, they have normal numbers of newly formed, immature B cells. Using a West Nile virus (WNV) challenge model that requires antibodies (Abs) for protection, we found that unlike wild-type (WT) mice, BAFFR-/- mice were highly susceptible to WNV and succumbed to infection within 8 to 12 days after subcutaneous virus challenge. Although mature B cells were required to protect against lethal infection, infected BAFFR-/- mice had reduced WNV E-specific IgG responses and neutralizing Abs. Passive transfer of immune sera from previously infected WT mice rescued BAFFR-/- and fully B cell-deficient μMT mice, but unlike μMT mice that died around 30 days post-infection, BAFFR-/- mice survived, developed WNV-specific IgG Abs and overcame a second WNV challenge. Remarkably, protective immunity could be induced in mature B cell-deficient mice. Administration of a WNV E-anti-CD180 conjugate vaccine 30 days prior to WNV infection induced Ab responses that protected against lethal infection in BAFFR-/- mice but not in μMT mice. Thus, the immature B cells present in BAFFR-/- and not μMT mice contribute to protective antiviral immunity. A CD180-based vaccine may promote immunity in immunocompromised individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giordano
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kevin E. Draves
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lucy B. Young
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Roe
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Marianne A. Bryan
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christiane Dresch
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Justin M. Richner
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- The Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Edward A. Clark
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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14
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Lee M, Rey K, Besler K, Wang C, Choy J. Immunobiology of Nitric Oxide and Regulation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase. Results Probl Cell Differ 2017; 62:181-207. [PMID: 28455710 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54090-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a bioactive gas that has multiple roles in innate and adaptive immune responses. In macrophages, nitric oxide is produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase upon microbial and cytokine stimulation. It is needed for host defense against pathogens and for immune regulation. This review will summarize the role of NO and iNOS in inflammatory and immune responses and will discuss the regulatory mechanisms that control inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Kevin Rey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Katrina Besler
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Christine Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jonathan Choy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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15
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Chorny A, Casas-Recasens S, Sintes J, Shan M, Polentarutti N, García-Escudero R, Walland AC, Yeiser JR, Cassis L, Carrillo J, Puga I, Cunha C, Bastos H, Rodrigues F, Lacerda JF, Morais A, Dieguez-Gonzalez R, Heeger PS, Salvatori G, Carvalho A, Garcia-Sastre A, Blander JM, Mantovani A, Garlanda C, Cerutti A. The soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 links humoral innate and adaptive immune responses by helping marginal zone B cells. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2167-85. [PMID: 27621420 PMCID: PMC5030794 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerutti and collaborators show that the humoral arms of the innate and adaptive immune systems are functionally interconnected by pentraxin 3, a soluble pattern recognition receptor that couples innate immune recognition with antibody-inducing function. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a fluid-phase pattern recognition receptor of the humoral innate immune system with ancestral antibody-like properties but unknown antibody-inducing function. In this study, we found binding of PTX3 to splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells, an innate-like subset of antibody-producing lymphocytes strategically positioned at the interface between the circulation and the adaptive immune system. PTX3 was released by a subset of neutrophils that surrounded the splenic MZ and expressed an immune activation–related gene signature distinct from that of circulating neutrophils. Binding of PTX3 promoted homeostatic production of IgM and class-switched IgG antibodies to microbial capsular polysaccharides, which decreased in PTX3-deficient mice and humans. In addition, PTX3 increased IgM and IgG production after infection with blood-borne encapsulated bacteria or immunization with bacterial carbohydrates. This immunogenic effect stemmed from the activation of MZ B cells through a neutrophil-regulated pathway that elicited class switching and plasmablast expansion via a combination of T cell–independent and T cell–dependent signals. Thus, PTX3 may bridge the humoral arms of the innate and adaptive immune systems by serving as an endogenous adjuvant for MZ B cells. This property could be harnessed to develop more effective vaccines against encapsulated pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejo Chorny
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Sandra Casas-Recasens
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Jordi Sintes
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meimei Shan
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Nadia Polentarutti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Ramón García-Escudero
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales, y Tecnológicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Cooper Walland
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - John R Yeiser
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Linda Cassis
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Institut de Recerca de la Sida IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Puga
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Cunha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Hélder Bastos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - João F Lacerda
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal Hospital de Santa Maria, 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Morais
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rebeca Dieguez-Gonzalez
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Peter S Heeger
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | | | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute /3B's, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - J Magarian Blander
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerutti
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Liu D, Cao G, Han L, Ye Y, SiMa Y, Ge W. Flavonoids from Radix Tetrastigmae inhibit TLR4/MD-2 mediated JNK and NF-κB pathway with anti-inflammatory properties. Cytokine 2016; 84:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Uehara EU, Shida BDS, de Brito CA. Role of nitric oxide in immune responses against viruses: beyond microbicidal activity. Inflamm Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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18
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Predonzani A, Calì B, Agnellini AHR, Molon B. Spotlights on immunological effects of reactive nitrogen species: When inflammation says nitric oxide. World J Exp Med 2015; 5:64-76. [PMID: 25992321 PMCID: PMC4436941 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v5.i2.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, nitric oxide (NO) has been definitively recognised as one of the key players involved in immunity and inflammation. NO generation was originally described in activated macrophages, which still represent the prototype of NO-producing cells. Notwithstanding, additional cell subsets belonging to both innate and adaptive immunity have been documented to sustain NO propagation by means of the enzymatic activity of different nitric oxide synthase isoforms. Furthermore, due to its chemical characteristics, NO could rapidly react with other free radicals to generate different reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which have been intriguingly associated with many pathological conditions. Nonetheless, the plethora of NO/RNS-mediated effects still remains extremely puzzling. The aim of this manuscript is to dig into the broad literature on the topic to provide intriguing insights on NO-mediated circuits within immune system. We analysed NO and RNS immunological clues arising from their biochemical properties, immunomodulatory activities and finally dealing with their impact on different pathological scenarios with far prompting intriguing perspectives for their pharmacological targeting.
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19
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Naradikian MS, Perate AR, Cancro MP. BAFF receptors and ligands create independent homeostatic niches for B cell subsets. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 34:126-9. [PMID: 25836418 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The BAFF family of receptors and ligands controls B cell homeostasis and selection. Recent studies reveal distinct sources and roles for systemic versus locally produced BAFF. Moreover, the notion that differential BAFF receptor expression patterns establish independent homeostatic and selective niches has been strengthened. Finally, unique roles for BAFF family members in the regulation of antigen experienced and innate B cell subsets have been revealed. Herein, we overview current knowledge in these areas, emphasizing recent findings that inform these ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Naradikian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alison R Perate
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael P Cancro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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20
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Bogdan C. Nitric oxide synthase in innate and adaptive immunity: an update. Trends Immunol 2015; 36:161-78. [PMID: 25687683 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Thirty years after the discovery of its production by activated macrophages, our appreciation of the diverse roles of nitric oxide (NO) continues to grow. Recent findings have not only expanded our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the expression of NO synthases (NOS) in innate and adaptive immune cells, but have also revealed new functions and modes of action of NO in the control and escape of infectious pathogens, in T and B cell differentiation, and in tumor defense. I discuss these findings, in the context of a comprehensive overview of the various sources and multiple reaction partners of NO, and of the regulation of NOS2 by micromilieu factors, antisense RNAs, and 'unexpected' cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut - Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie, und Hygiene, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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