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Murwanti R, Denda-Nagai K, Sugiura D, Mogushi K, Gendler SJ, Irimura T. Prevention of Inflammation-Driven Colon Carcinogenesis in Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice by Vaccination with MUC1 DNA and Dendritic Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061920. [PMID: 36980805 PMCID: PMC10047104 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The preventive efficacy of MUC1-specific DNA immunization on inflammation-driven colon carcinogenesis in human MUC1 transgenic (MUC1.Tg) mice was investigated. Mice were vaccinated with MUC1 DNA mixed with autologous bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), and then colonic tumors were induced by azoxymethane (AOM) injection and oral administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Two types of tumors, squamous metaplasia and tubular adenoma, were observed. Both expressed high levels of MUC1 as indicated by the binding of anti-MUC1 antibodies with different specificities, whereas MUC1 expression was not detected in normal colonic mucosa. When mice were immunized with MUC1 DNA + BMDCs, tumor incidence, tumor number, and tumor size were significantly reduced. In contrast, vaccination with MUC1 DNA alone or BMDCs alone was ineffective in reducing tumor burden. Inflammation caused by DSS was not suppressed by the MUC1 DNA + BMDCs vaccination. Furthermore, MUC1 protein expression levels, as judged by anti-MUC1 antibody binding in tumors grown after vaccination, did not significantly differ from the control. In conclusion, an inflammation-driven carcinogenesis model was established in MUC1.Tg mice, closely resembling human colon carcinogenesis. In this model, vaccination with MUC1 DNA + BMDCs was effective in overriding MUC1 tolerance and reducing the tumor burden by a mechanism not affecting the level of colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retno Murwanti
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55283, Indonesia
| | - Kaori Denda-Nagai
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sugiura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kaoru Mogushi
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sandra J Gendler
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Division of Glycobiologics, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Cagigi A, Douradinha B. Have mRNA vaccines sentenced DNA vaccines to death? Expert Rev Vaccines 2023; 22:1154-1167. [PMID: 37941101 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2282065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After receiving emergency approval during the COVID-19 pandemic, mRNA vaccines have taken center stage in the quest to enhance future vaccination strategies for both infectious diseases and cancer. Indeed, they have significantly overshadowed another facet of genetic vaccination, specifically DNA vaccines. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge that both types of genetic vaccines have distinct advantages and disadvantages that set them apart from each other. AREAS COVERED In this work, we delve extensively into the history of genetic vaccines, their mechanisms of action, their strengths, and limitations, and ultimately highlight ongoing research in key areas for potential enhancement of both DNA and mRNA vaccines. EXPERT OPINION Here, we assess the significance of the primary benefits and drawbacks associated with DNA and mRNA vaccination. We challenge the current lines of thought by highlighting that the existing drawbacks of DNA vaccination could potentially be more straightforward to address compared to those linked with mRNA vaccination. In our view, this suggests that DNA vaccines should remain viable contenders in the pursuit of the future of vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cagigi
- Nykode Therapeutics ASA, Oslo Science Park, Oslo, Norway
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Simmons CP, Mastroeni P, Fowler R, Ghaem-maghami M, Lycke N, Pizza M, Rappuoli R, Dougan G. MHC Class I-Restricted Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Responses Induced by Enterotoxin-Based Mucosal Adjuvants. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.163.12.6502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ability of enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants to induce CD8+ MHC class I-restricted CTL responses to a codelivered bystander Ag was examined. Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT), or derivatives of LT carrying mutations in the A subunit (LTR72, LTK63), were tested in parallel with cholera toxin (CT) or a fusion protein consisting of the A1 subunit of CT fused to the Ig binding domain of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (called CTA1-DD). Intranasal (i.n.) immunization of C57BL/6 mice with CT, CTA1-DD, LT, LTR72, LTK63, but not rLT-B, elicited MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cell responses to coadministered OVA or the OVA CTL peptide SIINFEKL (OVA257–264). CT, LT, and LTR72 also induced CTL responses to OVA after s.c. or oral coimmunization whereas LTK63 only activated responses after s.c. coimmunization. rLT-B was unable to adjuvant CTL responses to OVA or OVA257–264 administered by any route. Mice treated with an anti-CD4 mAb to deplete CD4+ T cells mounted significant OVA-specific CTL responses after i.n. coadministration of LT with OVA or OVA257–264. Both 51Cr release assays and IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assays indicated that IFN-γ−/− and IL-12 p40−/− gene knockout mice developed CTL responses equivalent to those detected in normal C57BL/6 mice. The results highlight the versatility of toxin-based adjuvants and suggest that LT potentiates CTL responses independently of IL-12 and IFN-γ and probably by a mechanism unrelated to cross-priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron P. Simmons
- *Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Mastroeni
- *Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ray Fowler
- *Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marjan Ghaem-maghami
- *Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nils Lycke
- ‡Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Goteborg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Mariagrazia Pizza
- †The Chiron Vaccines Immunological Research Institute, Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy; and
| | - Rino Rappuoli
- †The Chiron Vaccines Immunological Research Institute, Via Fiorentina, Siena, Italy; and
| | - Gordon Dougan
- *Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
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Corr M, von Damm A, Lee DJ, Tighe H. In Vivo Priming by DNA Injection Occurs Predominantly by Antigen Transfer. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.163.9.4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
DNA vaccines can stimulate both humoral and cytolytic immune responses. Although bone marrow-derived elements present the expressed Ag, the mechanisms for acquiring immunogenic peptides have yet to be fully elucidated. APCs may become directly transfected by plasmid DNA or process extracellular proteins produced by other transfected cells. Using a transactivating plasmid system and bone marrow chimeras, we show that both mechanisms appear to be involved; however, the bulk of the immune response is dependent on expression of Ag by nonlymphoid tissues and transfer to APCs. These in vivo studies are the first to define the role of transfected nonlymphoid cells in generating Ag for presentation by bone marrow-derived APCs after needle injection with plasmid DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maripat Corr
- Department of Medicine and The Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Amila von Damm
- Department of Medicine and The Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Delphine J. Lee
- Department of Medicine and The Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Helen Tighe
- Department of Medicine and The Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
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Tsitoura DC, DeKruyff RH, Lamb JR, Umetsu DT. Intranasal Exposure to Protein Antigen Induces Immunological Tolerance Mediated by Functionally Disabled CD4+ T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.163.5.2592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study we examined the immunological parameters underlying the natural immunity to inhaled nonpathogenic proteins. We addressed this question by examining the effect of intranasal exposure to OVA in both wild-type mice and mice reconstituted with OVA-TCR transgenic CD4+ T cells. Intranasal administration of OVA induced an initial phase of activation during which CD4+ T cells were capable of proliferating and producing cytokines. Although many of the OVA-specific CD4+ T cells were subsequently depleted from the lymphoid organs, a stable population of such T cells survived but remained refractory to antigenic rechallenge. The unresponsive state was not associated with immune deviation due to selective secretion of Th1- or Th2-type cytokines, and the presence of regulatory CD8+ T cells was not required. Moreover, neutralization of the immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β did not abrogate the induction of tolerance. Inhibition of the interaction of T cells with CD86, but not CD80, at the time of exposure to intranasal Ag prevented the development of unresponsiveness, while selective blockade of CTLA-4 had no effect. Our results suggest that intranasal exposure to Ags results in immunological tolerance mediated by functionally impaired CD4+ T cells via a costimulatory pathway that requires CD86.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne C. Tsitoura
- *Division of Immunology and Transplantation Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and
| | - Rosemarie H. DeKruyff
- *Division of Immunology and Transplantation Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and
| | - Jonathan R. Lamb
- †Respiratory Medicine Unit, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dale T. Umetsu
- *Division of Immunology and Transplantation Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and
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