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Luger D, Yang YA, Raviv A, Weinberg D, Banerjee S, Lee MJ, Trepel J, Yang L, Wakefield LM. Expression of the B-cell receptor component CD79a on immature myeloid cells contributes to their tumor promoting effects. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76115. [PMID: 24146823 PMCID: PMC3797715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in promoting tumorigenesis is well-established, and significant effort is being made to further characterize surface markers on MDSCs both for better diagnosis and as potential targets for therapy. Here we show that the B cell receptor adaptor molecule CD79a is unexpectedly expressed on immature bone marrow myeloid cells, and is upregulated on MDSCs generated in multiple different mouse models of metastatic but not non-metastatic cancer. CD79a on MDSCs is upregulated and activated in response to soluble factors secreted by tumor cells. Activation of CD79a on mouse MDSCs, by crosslinking with a specific antibody, maintained their immature phenotype (CD11b+Gr1+), enhanced their migration, increased their suppressive effect on T cell proliferation, and increased secretion of pro-tumorigenic cytokines such as IL-6 and CCL22. Furthermore, crosslinking CD79a on myeloid cells activated signaling through Syk, BLNK, ERK and STAT3 phosphorylation. In vivo, CD79+ myeloid cells showed enhanced ability to promote primary tumor growth and metastasis. Finally we demonstrate that CD79a is upregulated on circulating myeloid cells from lung cancer patients, and that CD79a+ myeloid cells infiltrate human breast tumors. We propose that CD79a plays a functional role in the tumor promoting effects of myeloid cells, and may represent a novel target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Luger
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yu-an Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Asaf Raviv
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Douglas Weinberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Subhadra Banerjee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jane Trepel
- Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lalage M. Wakefield
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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2
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Cozma D, Yu D, Hodawadekar S, Azvolinsky A, Grande S, Tobias JW, Metzgar MH, Paterson J, Erikson J, Marafioti T, Monroe JG, Atchison ML, Thomas-Tikhonenko A. B cell activator PAX5 promotes lymphomagenesis through stimulation of B cell receptor signaling. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:2602-10. [PMID: 17717600 PMCID: PMC1950455 DOI: 10.1172/jci30842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2006] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The presumed involvement of paired box gene 5 (PAX5) in B-lymphomagenesis is based largely on the discovery of Pax5-specific translocations and somatic hypermutations in non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Yet mechanistically, the contribution of Pax5 to neoplastic growth remains undeciphered. Here we used 2 Myc-induced mouse B lymphoma cell lines, Myc5-M5 and Myc5-M12, which spontaneously silence Pax5. Reconstitution of these cells with Pax5-tamoxifen receptor fusion protein (Pax5ER(TAM)) increased neoplastic growth in a hormone-dependent manner. Conversely, expression of dominant-negative Pax5 in murine lymphomas and Pax5 knockdown in human lymphomas negatively affected cell expansion. Expression profiling revealed that Pax5 was required to maintain mRNA levels of several crucial components of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling, including CD79a, a protein with the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). In contrast, expression of 2 known ITAM antagonists, CD22 and PIR-B, was suppressed. The key role of BCR/ITAM signaling in Pax5-dependent lymphomagenesis was corroborated in Syk, an ITAM-associated tyrosine kinase. Moreover, we observed consistent expression of phosphorylated BLNK, an activated BCR adaptor protein, in human B cell lymphomas. Thus, stimulation of neoplastic growth by Pax5 occurs through BCR and is sensitive to genetic and pharmacological inhibitors of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cozma
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Duonan Yu
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Suchita Hodawadekar
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Azvolinsky
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shannon Grande
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John W. Tobias
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michele H. Metzgar
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Paterson
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Erikson
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Marafioti
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John G. Monroe
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L. Atchison
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko
- Department of Pathobiology and
Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine,
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, and
Biomedical Informatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Leukaemia Research Fund Immunodiagnostics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Yu D, Allman D, Goldschmidt MH, Atchison ML, Monroe JG, Thomas-Tikhonenko A. Oscillation between B-lymphoid and myeloid lineages in Myc-induced hematopoietic tumors following spontaneous silencing/reactivation of the EBF/Pax5 pathway. Blood 2003; 101:1950-5. [PMID: 12406913 PMCID: PMC4547547 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2002-06-1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphomagenesis is an uncontrolled expansion of immature precursors that fail to complete their differentiation program. This failure could be at least partly explained by inappropriate expression of several oncogenic transcription factors, such as Pax5 and Myc. Both Pax5 and c-Myc are implicated in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. To address their role in lymphomagenesis, we analyzed B-cell lymphomas derived from p53-null bone marrow progenitors infected in vivo by a Myc-encoding retrovirus. All Myc-induced lymphomas invariably maintained expression of Pax5, which is thought to be incompatible with terminal differentiation. However, upon culturing in vitro, several cell lines spontaneously down-regulated Pax5 and its target genes CD19, N-Myc, and MB1. Unexpectedly, other B-cell markers (eg, CD45R) were also down-regulated, and markers of myeloid lineage (CD11b and F4/80 antigen) were acquired instead. Moreover, cells assumed the morphology reminiscent of myeloid cells. A pool of F4/80-positive cells as well as several single-cell clones were obtained and reinjected into syngeneic mice. Remarkably, pooled cells rapidly re-expressed Pax5 and formed tumors of relatively mature lymphoid phenotype, with surface immunoglobulins being abundantly expressed. Approximately half of tumorigenic single-cell clones also abandoned myeloid differentiation and gave rise to B lymphomas. However, when secondary lymphoma cells were returned to in vitro conditions, they once again switched to myeloid differentiation. This process could be curbed via enforced expression of retrovirally encoded Pax5. Our data demonstrate that some Myc target cells are bipotent B-lymphoid/myeloid progenitors with the astonishing capacity to undergo successive rounds of lineage switching.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD19/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD19/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- CD11b Antigen/biosynthesis
- CD11b Antigen/genetics
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Lineage/genetics
- Cell Size
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Clone Cells/transplantation
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Silencing
- Genes, myc
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/biosynthesis
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/genetics
- Lymphocytes/pathology
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myeloid Cells/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- PAX5 Transcription Factor
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Trans-Activators/physiology
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Duonan Yu
- Departments of Pathobiology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6051, USA
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Abstract
Granulocytes and monocytes develop from a common myeloid progenitor. Early granulopoiesis requires the C/EBPalpha, PU.1, RAR, CBF, and c-Myb transcription factors, and terminal neutrophil differentiation is dependent upon C/EBPepsilon, PU.1, Sp1, CDP, and HoxA10. Monopoiesis can be induced by Maf-B, c-Jun, or Egr-1 and is dependent upon PU.1, Sp1, and ICSBP. Signals eminating from cytokine receptors modulate factor activities but do not determine cell fates. Orchestration of the myeloid developmental program is achieved via cooperative gene regulation, via synergistic and inhibitory protein-protein interactions, via promoter auto-regulation and cross-regulation, via regulation of factor levels, and via induction of cell cycle arrest: For example, c-Myb and C/EBPalpha cooperate to activate the mim-1 and NE promoters, PU.1, C/EBPalpha, and CBF, regulate the NE, MPO, and M-CSF Receptor genes. PU.1:GATA-1 interaction and C/EBP suppression of FOG transcription inhibits erythroid and megakaryocyte gene expression. c-Jun:PU.1, ICSBP:PU.1, and perhaps Maf:Jun complexes induce monocytic genes. PU.1 and C/EBPalpha activate their own promoters, C/EBPalpha rapidly induces PU.1 and C/EBPepsilon RNA expression, and RARalpha activates the C/EBPepsilon promoter. Higher levels of PU.1 are required for monopoiesis than for B-lymphopoiesis, and higher C/EBP levels may favor granulopoiesis over monopoiesis. CBF and c-Myb stimulate proliferation whereas C/EBPalpha induces a G1/S arrest; cell cycle arrest is required for terminal myelopoiesis, perhaps due to expression of p53 or hypo-phosphorylated Rb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Friedman
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, MD 21231, USA.
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